{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2903399136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","title":"Black Film Mulching and Plant Density Influencing Soil Water Temperature Conditions and Maize Root Growth","display_name":"Black Film Mulching and Plant Density Influencing Soil Water Temperature Conditions and Maize Root Growth","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2903399136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","mag":"2903399136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93764904","display_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","issn_l":"1539-1663","issn":["1539-1663"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316235","host_organization_name":"Soil Science Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316235"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soil Science Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065999494","display_name":"Shijun Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-4496","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-4496"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135836153","display_name":"Shenyang Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n7x9n08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shijun Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100739506","display_name":"Zhijun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0686-9763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0686-9763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135836153","display_name":"Shenyang Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n7x9n08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088853402","display_name":"Hao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4450-1467","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4450-1467"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135836153","display_name":"Shenyang Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n7x9n08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437405","display_name":"Linlin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7924-7347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7924-7347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135836153","display_name":"Shenyang Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/01n7x9n08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural Univ. Shenyang 110866 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065999494"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135836153"],"apc_list":{"value":3070,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3070},"apc_paid":{"value":3070,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3070},"fwci":2.3499,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87094158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.050999999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.009999999776482582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-density","display_name":"plant density","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize","display_name":"maize","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water-storage","display_name":"soil water storage","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-temperature","display_name":"soil temperature","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-growth","display_name":"root growth","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-length-density","display_name":"root length density","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-diameter","display_name":"root diameter","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfed-maize","display_name":"rainfed maize","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-yield","display_name":"maize yield","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175092762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549563","display_name":"Mulch","level":2,"score":0.9459913372993469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6824331879615784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36248471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445669","display_name":"Seeding","level":2,"score":0.6087539792060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777292513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4370258","display_name":"Plastic film","level":3,"score":0.6020423769950867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.44017738103866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4366614520549774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93973069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899249","display_name":"Bulk density","level":3,"score":0.4348350763320923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991904373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102346249","display_name":"Plant density","level":3,"score":0.42326945066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.30524471402168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.2327393889427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18962600827217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.16610196232795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93764904","display_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","issn_l":"1539-1663","issn":["1539-1663"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316235","host_organization_name":"Soil Science Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316235"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soil Science Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:83faa12829684b18a78d2684e1746877","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/83faa12829684b18a78d2684e1746877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vadose Zone Journal, Vol 17, Iss 1 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.2136/vzj2018.05.0104","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93764904","display_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","issn_l":"1539-1663","issn":["1539-1663"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316235","host_organization_name":"Soil Science Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316235"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Soil Science Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vadose Zone Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7471948564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51609137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8560706914","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20180550617","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335581","display_name":"Young Scientists Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903399136.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903399136.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131627916","https://openalex.org/W1910241599","https://openalex.org/W1967658693","https://openalex.org/W1978816122","https://openalex.org/W1984647877","https://openalex.org/W1985242370","https://openalex.org/W1990314525","https://openalex.org/W2009231038","https://openalex.org/W2013087770","https://openalex.org/W2054945777","https://openalex.org/W2056337400","https://openalex.org/W2068914580","https://openalex.org/W2085885081","https://openalex.org/W2086680194","https://openalex.org/W2089229501","https://openalex.org/W2108135471","https://openalex.org/W2138489106","https://openalex.org/W2141073471","https://openalex.org/W2165700458","https://openalex.org/W2190136688","https://openalex.org/W2315000082","https://openalex.org/W2327147468","https://openalex.org/W2335029503","https://openalex.org/W2398398684","https://openalex.org/W2471724015","https://openalex.org/W2565802949"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3200473142","https://openalex.org/W7213740490","https://openalex.org/W3096054561","https://openalex.org/W2148739168","https://openalex.org/W4281611123","https://openalex.org/W4360981146","https://openalex.org/W3013187785","https://openalex.org/W2999881390","https://openalex.org/W4387647090","https://openalex.org/W3182189565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Core":[0],"Ideas":[1],"Transparent":[2],"film":[3,13,72,105,131,136,177,186,299],"mulching":[4,16,73,106,128,162,178,189,225],"increased":[5,20,163,179,192,228],"the":[6,21,25,34,67,83,101,164,169,196,204,208,212,216,221,224,244,255,286],"soil":[7,22,78,80,111,165,180,193,213],"water":[8,81,166,181],"storage":[9,167,182],"more":[10,183],"than":[11,184,282],"black":[12,134,185,298],"mulching.":[14,187,300],"The":[15,156,161,188,273],"treatment":[17],"only":[18,190],"markedly":[19,191],"temperature":[23,112,194,214],"in":[24,47,58,195],"maize":[26,60,84,115,173,197],"seeding":[27,198,217],"growth":[28],"stage.":[29,218,257],"Higher":[30],"plant":[31,51,75,108,146,209,259,290],"density":[32,52,76,109,210,260,291],"decreased":[33],"root":[35,38,40,43,229,231,235,262,265,267,270],"surface":[36,263],"area,":[37,264],"volume,":[39,266],"length,":[41,230,268],"and":[42,74,86,107,113,117,133,150,175,199,234,240,247,251,269,280,297],"diameter.":[44],"Plastic":[45],"mulch":[46],"combination":[48,287],"with":[49,124,144,203,220],"high":[50],"is":[53],"a":[54,96,289],"common":[55],"agronomic":[56],"technique":[57],"rainfed":[59],"(":[61],"Zea":[62],"mays":[63],"L.)":[64],"production.":[65],"However,":[66],"effects":[68,102],"of":[69,103,127,172,288,292],"combining":[70],"colored":[71,104],"on":[77,110,121],"temperature,":[79],"storage,":[82],"roots,":[85,116],"yield":[87,118,279],"have":[88],"not":[89],"been":[90],"thoroughly":[91],"elucidated":[92],"to":[93,99],"date.":[94],"Thus,":[95],"field":[97],"experiment":[98],"explore":[100],"water,":[114],"was":[119,285],"conducted":[120],"main":[122],"plots":[123],"three":[125,142,145],"types":[126],"(non\u2010mulching,":[129],"transparent":[130,176],"mulching,":[132],"plastic":[135],"mulching),":[137],"which":[138,276],"were":[139,158],"divided":[140],"into":[141],"subplots":[143],"densities":[147],"(60,000,":[148],"75,000,":[149],"90,000":[151,293],"plants":[152,294],"ha":[153,295],"\u22121":[154,296],").":[155],"results":[157],"as":[159],"follows:":[160],"during":[168,243,254],"entire":[170],"period":[171],"growth,":[174],"jointing":[200],"stages":[201],"compared":[202],"non\u2010mulching":[205,222],"treatment,":[206,223],"but":[207],"augmented":[211],"after":[215],"Compared":[219],"treatments":[226],"significantly":[227],"length":[232],"density,":[233],"diameter":[236,271],"by":[237,248],"17.0,":[238],"21.4,":[239],"11.6%,":[241,252],"respectively,":[242,253],"heading":[245],"stage":[246],"65.2,":[249],"70,":[250],"mature":[256],"As":[258],"increased,":[261],"decreased.":[272],"best":[274],"combination,":[275],"attained":[277],"higher":[278],"profit":[281],"other":[283],"treatments,":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2018-12-11T00:00:00"}
