{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901889272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","title":"How \u2018chunky\u2019 is language? Some estimates based on Sinclair's Idiom Principle","display_name":"How \u2018chunky\u2019 is language? Some estimates based on Sinclair's Idiom Principle","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901889272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","mag":"2901889272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3366/cor.2018.0156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120559332","display_name":"Corpora","issn_l":"1749-5032","issn":["1749-5032","1755-1676"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320189","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320189","https://openalex.org/P4310321110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Edinburgh University Press","University of Edinburgh"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Corpora","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049114201","display_name":"Robert Nelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-4947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-4947"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049114201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.3402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97798042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"431","last_page":"460"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12373","display_name":"Linguistic research and analysis","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12353","display_name":"Lexicography and Language Studies","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formulaic-language","display_name":"formulaic language","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiword-expressions","display_name":"multiword expressions","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiom-principle","display_name":"idiom principle","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sinclair","display_name":"Sinclair","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-teaching-materials-development","display_name":"language teaching materials development","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psycholinguistics","display_name":"psycholinguistics","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corpus-linguistics","display_name":"corpus linguistics","score":0.6819999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89267518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179488","display_name":"Psycholinguistics","level":3,"score":0.792528510093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6973376274108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6657268404960632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27362006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272021","display_name":"Gestalt psychology","level":3,"score":0.665091335773468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C532629269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865083","display_name":"Corpus linguistics","level":2,"score":0.5580483078956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5399565100669861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.45721670985221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4398314654827118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153578388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q351625","display_name":"Theoretical linguistics","level":2,"score":0.4247792065143585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41955995559692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.31271958351135254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.1761241853237152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.140142023563385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3366/cor.2018.0156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cor.2018.0156","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120559332","display_name":"Corpora","issn_l":"1749-5032","issn":["1749-5032","1755-1676"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320189","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320189","https://openalex.org/P4310321110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Edinburgh University Press","University of Edinburgh"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Corpora","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181196098","https://openalex.org/W288321548","https://openalex.org/W585936227","https://openalex.org/W592640369","https://openalex.org/W653912306","https://openalex.org/W1008692900","https://openalex.org/W1502101714","https://openalex.org/W1549337014","https://openalex.org/W1558866924","https://openalex.org/W1579373458","https://openalex.org/W1596318652","https://openalex.org/W1848318613","https://openalex.org/W1964788111","https://openalex.org/W1966838498","https://openalex.org/W1968421244","https://openalex.org/W1968826646","https://openalex.org/W1970305354","https://openalex.org/W1970370987","https://openalex.org/W1976649818","https://openalex.org/W1977900055","https://openalex.org/W1983723581","https://openalex.org/W1984640704","https://openalex.org/W1989502969","https://openalex.org/W1990950330","https://openalex.org/W1991848143","https://openalex.org/W1994280281","https://openalex.org/W2000255081","https://openalex.org/W2002645232","https://openalex.org/W2002847232","https://openalex.org/W2006151038","https://openalex.org/W2006422713","https://openalex.org/W2008578939","https://openalex.org/W2011633448","https://openalex.org/W2031246054","https://openalex.org/W2031984189","https://openalex.org/W2032122261","https://openalex.org/W2043322680","https://openalex.org/W2052654332","https://openalex.org/W2057525273","https://openalex.org/W2060108852","https://openalex.org/W2066646430","https://openalex.org/W2067293056","https://openalex.org/W2068469343","https://openalex.org/W2071343301","https://openalex.org/W2074807954","https://openalex.org/W2078014757","https://openalex.org/W2087718849","https://openalex.org/W2090137490","https://openalex.org/W2094649058","https://openalex.org/W2105803803","https://openalex.org/W2110176263","https://openalex.org/W2114878017","https://openalex.org/W2124479173","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2135969267","https://openalex.org/W2138747152","https://openalex.org/W2146316509","https://openalex.org/W2152477898","https://openalex.org/W2163165840","https://openalex.org/W2166044096","https://openalex.org/W2166522237","https://openalex.org/W2318667382","https://openalex.org/W2337762945","https://openalex.org/W2419449475","https://openalex.org/W2484320006","https://openalex.org/W2486073335","https://openalex.org/W2486489812","https://openalex.org/W2589039501","https://openalex.org/W2593678328","https://openalex.org/W2610881013","https://openalex.org/W2615322227","https://openalex.org/W2752672336","https://openalex.org/W2798275418","https://openalex.org/W4234331195","https://openalex.org/W4236595676","https://openalex.org/W4238067037","https://openalex.org/W4250621041","https://openalex.org/W4300225643","https://openalex.org/W4300770398","https://openalex.org/W4388152583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1845884098","https://openalex.org/W2922481948","https://openalex.org/W1527092776","https://openalex.org/W4388119427","https://openalex.org/W4323645443","https://openalex.org/W6944688579","https://openalex.org/W6968895168","https://openalex.org/W2053402543","https://openalex.org/W1497071296","https://openalex.org/W4313503900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"some":[1,22],"extent,":[2],"we":[3],"seem":[4],"to":[5,43,87],"use":[6],"language":[7,81,124],"in":[8,99,103,123],"chunks":[9,25],"\u2013":[10],"multiple":[11],"words":[12],"that":[13,73],"are":[14],"co-selected":[15],"and":[16,37,59,62,131],"used":[17,96],"as":[18,126,128],"gestalt":[19],"units.":[20],"By":[21],"estimates,":[23],"these":[24,50],"constitute":[26],"more":[27],"than":[28],"50":[29],"percent":[30],"of":[31,49,67,79,94,109,112],"a":[32,88],"given":[33],"text":[34,100],"(":[35,82],"Erman":[36],"Warren,":[38],"2000":[39],").":[40],"The":[41],"extent":[42],"which":[44,102],"our":[45],"communication":[46],"is":[47,64],"composed":[48],"units":[51],"has":[52],"broad":[53],"implications":[54],"for":[55,90,106,120],"linguistic":[56,113,130],"theory,":[57],"psycholinguistics":[58],"applied":[60],"linguistics,":[61],"so":[63],"the":[65,77,91,107,110],"focus":[66],"this":[68],"study.":[69],"This":[70],"study":[71],"shows":[72],"claims":[74],"made":[75],"regarding":[76],"nature":[78],"formulaic":[80],"Sinclair,":[83],"1991":[84],")":[85],"lead":[86],"method":[89],"automatic":[92],"detection":[93],"holistically":[95],"multi-word":[97],"patterns":[98],"corpora,":[101],"turn":[104],"allows":[105],"estimation":[108],"\u2018chunkiness\u2019":[111],"corpora.":[114],"These":[115],"estimates":[116],"may":[117],"be":[118],"useful":[119],"materials":[121],"development":[122],"teaching,":[125],"well":[127],"corpus":[129],"psycholinguistic":[132],"studies.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2018-11-29T00:00:00"}