{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901316640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","title":"Comparative cost and return analysis of cassava production by adopters and non-adopters of improved cassava varieties among farmers in Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","display_name":"Comparative cost and return analysis of cassava production by adopters and non-adopters of improved cassava varieties among farmers in Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901316640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","mag":"2901316640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjass/article/download/179848/169200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764487142","display_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","issn_l":"1596-2903","issn":["1596-2903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjass/article/download/179848/169200","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018755345","display_name":"Kingsley Okoi Itam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kingsley Okoi Itam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112399022","display_name":"Eucharia Agom Ajah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eucharia Agom Ajah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023750921","display_name":"Mediong John Udoeyop","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mediong John Udoeyop","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6183,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77452849,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"33","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8633000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8633000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.0925000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cassava-production","display_name":"cassava production","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/improved-cassava-varieties","display_name":"improved cassava varieties","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-adoption","display_name":"technology adoption","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-and-return-analysis","display_name":"cost and return analysis","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-margin","display_name":"gross margin","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profitability","display_name":"profitability","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertilizer-use","display_name":"fertilizer use","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-extension-contact","display_name":"agricultural extension contact","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-size","display_name":"farm size","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barriers-to-adoption","display_name":"barriers to adoption","score":0.46399998664855957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15430695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11157999","display_name":"Gross margin","level":3,"score":0.8721349239349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202050865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35852","display_name":"Hectare","level":3,"score":0.7126613855361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.6752557754516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5559657216072083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5410003662109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.49122804403305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.481638103723526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145760622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174915","display_name":"Variable cost","level":2,"score":0.4680711030960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139134214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3652044","display_name":"Multistage sampling","level":2,"score":0.457316130399704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.42463260889053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.4243919551372528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.3656046688556671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2794329524040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15703189373016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15084129571914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10610714554786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.10374647378921509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08696824312210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjass/article/download/179848/169200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764487142","display_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","issn_l":"1596-2903","issn":["1596-2903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.4","pdf_url":"https://www.ajol.info/index.php/gjass/article/download/179848/169200","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764487142","display_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","issn_l":"1596-2903","issn":["1596-2903"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.41670000553131104,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2901316640.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2901316640.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W284610896","https://openalex.org/W1494865442","https://openalex.org/W1596388850","https://openalex.org/W1967042861","https://openalex.org/W1991499356","https://openalex.org/W2038151978","https://openalex.org/W2166556324","https://openalex.org/W2183060548","https://openalex.org/W2183532852","https://openalex.org/W2184850253","https://openalex.org/W2317951128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997747481","https://openalex.org/W2477252478","https://openalex.org/W1200344607","https://openalex.org/W3198663689","https://openalex.org/W1856593010","https://openalex.org/W2182430872","https://openalex.org/W4283515880","https://openalex.org/W2155155365","https://openalex.org/W1585814232","https://openalex.org/W3122513898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"is":[2,141,241],"a":[3,41,124,184],"comparative":[4],"cost":[5,69,108,116,220,259],"and":[6,14,46,55,59,70,78,109,121,129,133,159,168,172,218,250,260],"return":[7,110],"analysis":[8,111],"of":[9,16,43,86,92,127,144,150,176,179,191,201,212,216,221,231],"cassava":[10,18,87,139,145,155,166,233],"production":[11,146],"by":[12],"adopters":[13,45,132,135,205],"non-adopters":[15],"improved":[17,232,264],"varieties":[19,234],"among":[20,224],"farmers":[21,94,151],"in":[22,40,198,235],"Ibesikpo":[23],"Asutan":[24],"LGA,":[25],"Akwa":[26],"Ibom":[27],"State,":[28],"Nigeria.":[29],"A":[30],"multistage":[31],"sampling":[32],"technique":[33],"was":[34,64,119],"used":[35],"to":[36,67,104,208,228],"select":[37],"100":[38],"respondents":[39],"ratio":[42],"50":[44,47],"non-":[48,134],"adopters.":[49,203],"Data":[50],"were":[51,81,95,152,223],"collected":[52],"through":[53],"questionnaire":[54],"analyzed":[56],"using":[57],"descriptive":[58],"inferential":[60],"statistics.":[61],"Gross":[62],"margin":[63,126],"carried":[65],"out":[66],"estimate":[68],"return.":[71],"Results":[72],"revealed":[73],"that":[74,98,194,243],"females":[75],"(68":[76],"%":[77],"64":[79],"%)":[80,91],"dominant":[82],"for":[83,131,147,255],"both":[84,148,177],"groups":[85,149,178],"farmers.":[88],"Majority":[89],"(88":[90],"the":[93,202,210,225,236],"educated,":[96],"implying":[97,193],"they":[99],"would":[100],"be":[101,253],"more":[102],"amenable":[103],"adopt":[105],"technologies.":[106],"The":[107,204],"shows":[112],"that,":[113,138],"total":[114],"variable":[115],"per":[117],"hectare":[118],"N56,455.00":[120],"N36,850.00":[122],"with":[123],"gross":[125],"N77,550.00":[128],"N36,560.00":[130],"respectively,":[136],"indicating":[137],"farming":[140],"profitable.":[142],"Determinants":[143],"farm":[153,164],"size,":[154,165],"cuttings,":[156],"fertilizer":[157,181,195],"use":[158,182,196,211],"extension":[160,169],"contact.":[161],"Whereas":[162],"increased":[163],"cuttings":[167],"contact":[170],"significantly":[171],"positively":[173],"influenced":[174],"output":[175,190,200],"farmers,":[180],"had":[183],"negative":[185],"but":[186],"significant":[187],"influence":[188],"on":[189],"adopters,":[192,267],"resulted":[197],"decrease":[199],"are":[206],"advice":[207],"discontinue":[209],"fertilizer.":[213],"Furthermore,":[214],"lack":[215],"awareness":[217,251],"high":[219],"inputs":[222],"major":[226],"constraints":[227],"full":[229],"adoption":[230],"study":[237],"area.":[238],"Therefore,":[239],"it":[240],"recommended":[242],"policies":[244],"aimed":[245],"at":[246],"improving":[247],"farmer\u2019s":[248],"education":[249],"should":[252],"redesign":[254],"proper":[256],"implementation.Keywords:":[257],"Comparative,":[258],"return,":[261],"profitability,":[262],"cassava,":[263],"varieties,":[265],"production,":[266],"nonadopters":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
