{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901255409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","title":"Research on the Improvement of Passive Microwave Freezing and Thawing Discriminant Algorithms for Complicated Surface Conditions","display_name":"Research on the Improvement of Passive Microwave Freezing and Thawing Discriminant Algorithms for Complicated Surface Conditions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901255409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","mag":"2901255409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2901255409"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028494415","display_name":"Xiaokang Kou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-3166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1685-3166"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90090648","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","ror":"https://ror.org/022e9e065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaokang Kou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056336938","display_name":"Lingmei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-9034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9847-9034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingmei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101087833","display_name":"Shuang Yan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147114","display_name":"Hebei Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/03xqveg17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147114"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370534","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0807-6643","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0807-6643"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019142511","display_name":"Gao Liyou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278617","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/009vckt70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405278617"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyou Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surveying Engineering, Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surveying Engineering, Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278617"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1486,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74560847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2018","issue":null,"first_page":"7161","last_page":"7164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-microwave-remote-sensing","display_name":"passive microwave remote sensing","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-freezing-and-thawing","display_name":"soil freezing and thawing","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-matter","display_name":"soil organic matter","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-canopy","display_name":"forest canopy","score":0.4099999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brightness-temperature","display_name":"brightness temperature","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrimination-thresholds","display_name":"discrimination thresholds","score":0.42500001192092896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.6677221655845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.6363420486450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.5865750908851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5068507790565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48866966366767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.345526784658432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26297417283058167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16501125693321228}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604196","display_name":"IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3049256552","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201802282813669605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008254587","https://openalex.org/W2020869550","https://openalex.org/W2021964057","https://openalex.org/W2098931551","https://openalex.org/W2105503694","https://openalex.org/W2216542690","https://openalex.org/W2256687290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008254587","https://openalex.org/W2898740277","https://openalex.org/W2352572035","https://openalex.org/W2772802894","https://openalex.org/W2904352846","https://openalex.org/W2020869550","https://openalex.org/W3020718437","https://openalex.org/W4313319773","https://openalex.org/W4410799434","https://openalex.org/W4384501852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"freezing":[1,35],"and":[2,10,14,36,43,58,119,123,153,161,174,177,182,193],"thawing":[3],"processes":[4],"play":[5],"important":[6],"roles":[7],"in":[8,51,87],"water":[9],"energy":[11],"exchanges,":[12],"weather":[13],"climatology.":[15],"Passive":[16],"microwave":[17,136],"remote":[18],"sensing":[19],"tends":[20],"to":[21,40,93,195],"be":[22],"one":[23],"of":[24,29,34,45,61,77,80,83,131,143,158,179],"the":[25,41,49,59,66,81,84,88,110,129,140,150,154,170,190,202,209,212,218,228],"most":[26],"effective":[27,141],"ways":[28],"monitoring":[30],"global":[31],"surface":[32,46,86,104,238],"state":[33],"thawing.":[37],"However,":[38],"Due":[39],"complexity":[42,82],"variability":[44],"environmental":[47],"factors,":[48],"thresholds":[50,62],"many":[52],"algorithms":[53],"are":[54],"not":[55],"universally":[56],"suitable":[57],"selection":[60],"mainly":[63],"depends":[64],"on":[65,109,135,149,201,217,227],"existing":[67],"ground":[68,124,210],"data.":[69],"In":[70,91,126],"addition,":[71],"there":[72],"is":[73],"still":[74],"a":[75,98,233],"lack":[76],"comprehensive":[78,99,191],"consideration":[79],"real":[85],"modeling":[89],"process.":[90],"order":[92],"solve":[94],"these":[95],"problems,":[96],"firstly,":[97],"database":[100,192],"which":[101,231],"contains":[102],"complex":[103],"conditions":[105],"was":[106,138,146],"built":[107],"based":[108,148,200,216,226],"data":[111,166],"simulated":[112],"from":[113,121,189],"Cold":[114],"Area":[115],"Microwave":[116],"Radiation":[117],"Model":[118],"observed":[120],"satellite":[122,156],"sites.":[125],"this":[127],"database,":[128],"effect":[130],"soil":[132],"organic":[133],"matter":[134],"radiation":[137],"considered,":[139],"range":[142],"forest":[144],"stock":[145],"redefined":[147],"biomass":[151],"data,":[152,211],"long-range":[155],"observations":[157],"brightness":[159],"temperatures":[160],"nationwide":[162],"ground-based":[163],"meteorological":[164],"site":[165],"were":[167,186],"integrated.":[168],"Then,":[169],"discrimination":[171,198,204,214],"indexes":[172],"(Tb36.5v":[173],"Qe,":[175],"Tb36.5v":[176],"SDI)":[178],"\u201cDFT":[180],"algorithm\u201d":[181,185],"\u201cstandard":[183],"deviation":[184],"respectively":[187],"selected":[188],"used":[194],"establish":[196],"new":[197,219],"formulas":[199,220],"Fisher":[203],"method.":[205],"Through":[206],"validated":[207],"with":[208],"F/T":[213],"results":[215],"showed":[221],"better":[222,234],"performance":[223],"than":[224],"those":[225],"original":[229],"algorithms,":[230],"demonstrated":[232],"applicability":[235],"for":[236],"complicated":[237],"conditions.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2018-11-29T00:00:00"}
