{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2900723663","doi":null,"title":"Chinese Fertility: Past, Present And Future","display_name":"Chinese Fertility: Past, Present And Future","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2900723663","mag":"2900723663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:edissertations-4996","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/3210","pdf_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4996&context=edissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4996&context=edissertations","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101827897","display_name":"Menghan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-4208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-4208"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Menghan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-4208","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101827897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.8481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12728","display_name":"Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences","score":0.8481000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.10750000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.04100000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-trends","display_name":"fertility trends","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/birth-control-policy","display_name":"birth control policy","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timing-of-first-birth","display_name":"timing of first birth","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childbearing-behavior","display_name":"childbearing behavior","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-economic-development","display_name":"local economic development","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-income","display_name":"women's income","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-role-ideology","display_name":"gender role ideology","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility-intentions","display_name":"fertility intentions","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-inequality-in-education","display_name":"gender inequality in education","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketization","display_name":"marketization","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-women","display_name":"urban women","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.8180000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.5997530221939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.37116754055023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.344536691904068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.19650119543075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.18743345141410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1772153377532959}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:edissertations-4996","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/3210","pdf_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4996&context=edissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:20.500.14332/30210","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/30210","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402083","display_name":"ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"published","raw_type":"Dissertation/Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:dissertations-14949","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI10791940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402083","display_name":"ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations available from ProQuest","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2900723663","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=14949&context=dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:edissertations-4996","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/3210","pdf_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4996&context=edissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2900723663.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2900723663.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177459601","https://openalex.org/W563956057","https://openalex.org/W1514366208","https://openalex.org/W1542707902","https://openalex.org/W1576064197","https://openalex.org/W1721041500","https://openalex.org/W1862870834","https://openalex.org/W1917222822","https://openalex.org/W1925399604","https://openalex.org/W1948589745","https://openalex.org/W1948765728","https://openalex.org/W1965972316","https://openalex.org/W1969189686","https://openalex.org/W1971745301","https://openalex.org/W1975310941","https://openalex.org/W1978487604","https://openalex.org/W1979755468","https://openalex.org/W1981011004","https://openalex.org/W1986643740","https://openalex.org/W1987805041","https://openalex.org/W1989683199","https://openalex.org/W1990964369","https://openalex.org/W1993223650","https://openalex.org/W1998999587","https://openalex.org/W2003365483","https://openalex.org/W2006692691","https://openalex.org/W2007926592","https://openalex.org/W2009879276","https://openalex.org/W2011765677","https://openalex.org/W2012810643","https://openalex.org/W2014537061","https://openalex.org/W2015475374","https://openalex.org/W2016471217","https://openalex.org/W2026143456","https://openalex.org/W2036717156","https://openalex.org/W2043210805","https://openalex.org/W2044668978","https://openalex.org/W2062180208","https://openalex.org/W2065138366","https://openalex.org/W2066206777","https://openalex.org/W2070638582","https://openalex.org/W2071983357","https://openalex.org/W2073420485","https://openalex.org/W2080773007","https://openalex.org/W2081222338","https://openalex.org/W2081737305","https://openalex.org/W2083522821","https://openalex.org/W2085293969","https://openalex.org/W2086569664","https://openalex.org/W2086634056","https://openalex.org/W2088321541","https://openalex.org/W2088760694","https://openalex.org/W2096898042","https://openalex.org/W2099299370","https://openalex.org/W2103811057","https://openalex.org/W2109418124","https://openalex.org/W2111148114","https://openalex.org/W2123000554","https://openalex.org/W2126767157","https://openalex.org/W2130242969","https://openalex.org/W2130601864","https://openalex.org/W2135444705","https://openalex.org/W2135590639","https://openalex.org/W2135743458","https://openalex.org/W2137093203","https://openalex.org/W2142118361","https://openalex.org/W2144811089","https://openalex.org/W2148215303","https://openalex.org/W2149005379","https://openalex.org/W2150236555","https://openalex.org/W2153242999","https://openalex.org/W2157164896","https://openalex.org/W2162731434","https://openalex.org/W2165608010","https://openalex.org/W2168056525","https://openalex.org/W2205838822","https://openalex.org/W2252846506","https://openalex.org/W2258430184","https://openalex.org/W2287023641","https://openalex.org/W2311993072","https://openalex.org/W2313673302","https://openalex.org/W2328953368","https://openalex.org/W2332287814","https://openalex.org/W2341699350","https://openalex.org/W2512882976","https://openalex.org/W2519236894","https://openalex.org/W2519883327","https://openalex.org/W2523416363","https://openalex.org/W2524906628","https://openalex.org/W2554315535","https://openalex.org/W2554500435","https://openalex.org/W2573607223","https://openalex.org/W2598230686","https://openalex.org/W2600281494","https://openalex.org/W2609090955","https://openalex.org/W2612947818","https://openalex.org/W2770369809","https://openalex.org/W2781744411","https://openalex.org/W2786134419","https://openalex.org/W2793565058","https://openalex.org/W3122467956","https://openalex.org/W3124097685","https://openalex.org/W3124298465","https://openalex.org/W4229690794","https://openalex.org/W4323517251"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W10631865","https://openalex.org/W1597094388","https://openalex.org/W2945381048","https://openalex.org/W4409257919","https://openalex.org/W2318149338","https://openalex.org/W4413937935","https://openalex.org/W2355407256","https://openalex.org/W2890065023","https://openalex.org/W4206141158","https://openalex.org/W3182438283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"China":[0],"has":[1,89,121],"witnessed":[2],"profound":[3],"socioeconomic":[4,61],"changes":[5],"over":[6,91],"the":[7,20,80,98,110,124,151,157,166,187,192,199,227,235,261],"past":[8],"four":[9],"decades.":[10],"This":[11],"dissertation":[12],"is":[13,148,162,175],"comprised":[14],"of":[15,26,52,126,153,168,224,241],"three":[16,222],"papers":[17],"that":[18,66,132,186,207,259],"investigate":[19],"demographic,":[21],"social,":[22],"and":[23,83,104,115,117,145,198,215,247,268],"economic":[24,107,179],"determinants":[25],"fertility":[27,216,239,278],"trends":[28],"in":[29,109,194,218],"China.":[30,219],"In":[31,93,181],"Chapter":[32,94,182],"1,":[33],"I":[34,96,184,232],"discuss":[35],"how":[36,118],"birth":[37,55,68],"control":[38,69],"policies,":[39],"which":[40],"have":[41,136],"been":[42],"implemented":[43],"since":[44],"1980,":[45],"are":[46],"related":[47],"to":[48,203],"Chinese":[49,228],"women\u2019s":[50,73,106,160,238],"timing":[51],"giving":[53],"first":[54],"during":[56],"a":[57,204,209],"period":[58],"with":[59,123,150,165,177],"substantial":[60],"development.":[62,180],"The":[63,129,256],"results":[64,257],"suggest":[65,258],"such":[67],"policies":[70],"still":[71],"influence":[72,88],"childbearing":[74],"behavior,":[75],"even":[76],"after":[77],"controlling":[78],"for":[79],"urban/rural":[81],"distinction":[82],"provincial":[84],"variation;":[85],"however,":[86],"this":[87,119,146,172],"diminished":[90],"time.":[92],"2,":[95],"examine":[97],"relationship":[99,120,174,211,236],"between":[100,113,212,237],"different":[101,248],"motherhood":[102],"stages":[103],"urban":[105],"positions":[108],"labor":[111,142],"market":[112],"1991":[114],"2011,":[116],"changed":[122],"development":[125,152],"local":[127,154,178],"economies.":[128,155],"analysis":[130],"shows":[131],"very":[133],"young":[134],"children":[135,246],"an":[137],"inhibiting":[138],"effect":[139,147],"on":[140,221],"mothers\u2019":[141],"force":[143],"activities,":[144],"exaggerated":[149],"On":[156],"other":[158],"hand,":[159],"income":[161],"positively":[163],"correlated":[164],"presence":[167],"school-aged":[169],"children,":[170],"but":[171],"positive":[173],"eroded":[176],"3,":[183],"propose":[185],"legacies":[188],"from":[189,226],"state":[190],"socialism,":[191],"reduction":[193],"educational":[195],"gender":[196],"inequality,":[197],"marketization":[200],"process":[201],"lead":[202],"modern-traditional":[205],"mosaic":[206],"shapes":[208],"curvilinear":[210],"gender-role":[213,249,266,273],"ideology":[214],"intentions":[217,240],"Capitalizing":[220],"waves":[223],"data":[225],"General":[229],"Social":[230],"Survey,":[231],"empirically":[233],"explore":[234],"having":[242],"two":[243],"or":[244],"more":[245,264],"attitudes":[250],"by":[251],"using":[252],"structural":[253],"equation":[254],"modeling.":[255],"both":[260],"\u2018modern\u2019":[262],"(with":[263,270],"egalitarian":[265,272],"ideology)":[267,274],"\u2018traditional\u2019":[269],"less":[271],"women":[275],"show":[276],"higher":[277],"intentions.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2018-11-29T00:00:00"}