{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2898656266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","title":"Using computer-vision and machine learning to automate facial coding of positive and negative affect intensity","display_name":"Using computer-vision and machine learning to automate facial coding of positive and negative affect intensity","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2898656266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","mag":"2898656266","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30721270","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6363175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211735&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211735&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019672028","display_name":"Nathaniel Haines","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-9010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-9010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathaniel Haines","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University","Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-9010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030618865","display_name":"Matthew W. Southward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-2769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-2769"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew W. Southward","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University","Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-2769","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028840521","display_name":"Jennifer S. Cheavens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3778-9346","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3778-9346"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer S. Cheavens","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University","Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024011322","display_name":"Theodore P. Beauchaine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0938-945X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0938-945X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Theodore Beauchaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University","Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044795146","display_name":"Woo\u2010Young Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5900-8432","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5900-8432"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Woo-Young Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University","Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019672028","https://openalex.org/A5024011322","https://openalex.org/A5028840521","https://openalex.org/A5030618865","https://openalex.org/A5044795146"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":{"value":1595,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1595},"apc_paid":{"value":1595,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1595},"fwci":7.0541,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96698572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"e0211735","last_page":"e0211735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expressions","display_name":"facial expressions","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-action-units","display_name":"facial action units","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"computer vision","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-interpretability","display_name":"model interpretability","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-rater-reliability","display_name":"inter-rater reliability","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-database","display_name":"facial expression database","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affective-ratings","display_name":"affective ratings","score":0.3840000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40346341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391629","display_name":"Facial Action Coding System","level":3,"score":0.8882520198822021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.884319543838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7465097904205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5752070546150208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5636648535728455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5184621214866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.4542745053768158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44339093565940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4336685240268707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161657702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529895","display_name":"Face perception","level":3,"score":0.4268852174282074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40480566024780273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.2592827379703522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0876724123954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000339","descriptor_name":"Affect","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014741","descriptor_name":"Video Recording","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211735&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/458380","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/458380","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/458380","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/11/04/458380.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5362580","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6363175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6363175","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6363175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30721270","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30721270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8fb637d75cf6432ea38ae78a5430ab0d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8fb637d75cf6432ea38ae78a5430ab0d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e0211735 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/7675232","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Using_computer-vision_and_machine_learning_to_automate_facial_coding_of_positive_and_negative_affect_intensity/7675232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"pmh:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/198295","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10371/198295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401345","display_name":"Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","host_organization_name":"Seoul National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211735","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211735&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2898656266.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2898656266.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44741455","https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1504680809","https://openalex.org/W1595126664","https://openalex.org/W1839932345","https://openalex.org/W1968600824","https://openalex.org/W1975558693","https://openalex.org/W1980331490","https://openalex.org/W1982188321","https://openalex.org/W1997662771","https://openalex.org/W1997851048","https://openalex.org/W1999925203","https://openalex.org/W2001315093","https://openalex.org/W2007431552","https://openalex.org/W2007814567","https://openalex.org/W2031828545","https://openalex.org/W2037441721","https://openalex.org/W2053432263","https://openalex.org/W2057894089","https://openalex.org/W2061051185","https://openalex.org/W2063372382","https://openalex.org/W2067724039","https://openalex.org/W2067992719","https://openalex.org/W2078833921","https://openalex.org/W2080806801","https://openalex.org/W2095499283","https://openalex.org/W2096913390","https://openalex.org/W2106849549","https://openalex.org/W2119648219","https://openalex.org/W2127533681","https://openalex.org/W2129105917","https://openalex.org/W2130964124","https://openalex.org/W2141208341","https://openalex.org/W2148905283","https://openalex.org/W2149628368","https://openalex.org/W2153822685","https://openalex.org/W2164186291","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2165418599","https://openalex.org/W2165940408","https://openalex.org/W2283703967","https://openalex.org/W2285849222","https://openalex.org/W2291466689","https://openalex.org/W2305641349","https://openalex.org/W2339788748","https://openalex.org/W2395639500","https://openalex.org/W2461071842","https://openalex.org/W2485861135","https://openalex.org/W2504479710","https://openalex.org/W2530867395","https://openalex.org/W2587982884","https://openalex.org/W2590895494","https://openalex.org/W2613050339","https://openalex.org/W2713145547","https://openalex.org/W2745497104","https://openalex.org/W2764610795","https://openalex.org/W2775666429","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2799306511","https://openalex.org/W2799613771","https://openalex.org/W2813219798","https://openalex.org/W2915247067","https://openalex.org/W2943755647","https://openalex.org/W4255000641","https://openalex.org/W4292994367","https://openalex.org/W4294877277"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409761659","https://openalex.org/W3046494364","https://openalex.org/W2931414708","https://openalex.org/W2188997013","https://openalex.org/W2230532661","https://openalex.org/W2112393832","https://openalex.org/W4281562989","https://openalex.org/W2578775421","https://openalex.org/W2745497104","https://openalex.org/W4236488730"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facial":[0],"expressions":[1],"are":[2,46],"fundamental":[3],"to":[4,19,97,115,146,183,187,194],"interpersonal":[5],"communication,":[6],"including":[7],"social":[8],"interaction,":[9],"and":[10,17,21,66,82,88,93,117,149,160,165],"allow":[11],"people":[12],"of":[13,41,51,62,100,107,138],"different":[14,139],"ages,":[15],"cultures,":[16],"languages":[18],"quickly":[20],"reliably":[22],"convey":[23],"emotional":[24],"information.":[25],"Historically,":[26],"facial":[27,52,80,101,140,172,190,200],"expression":[28,173],"research":[29],"has":[30,57],"followed":[31],"from":[32,123,199],"discrete":[33],"emotion":[34,197],"theories,":[35],"which":[36,111,189],"posit":[37],"a":[38],"limited":[39],"number":[40],"distinct":[42],"affective":[43,151],"states":[44],"that":[45,130,142,178],"represented":[47],"with":[48,155],"specific":[49],"patterns":[50,99],"action.":[53],"Much":[54],"less":[55],"work":[56],"focused":[58],"on":[59,170],"dimensional":[60],"features":[61],"emotion,":[63],"particularly":[64],"positive":[65,116,148,164],"negative":[67,118,150,166],"affect":[68,83,119,167],"intensity.":[69],"This":[70],"is":[71,86],"likely,":[72],"in":[73,103],"part,":[74],"because":[75],"achieving":[76],"inter-rater":[77],"reliability":[78],"for":[79],"action":[81],"intensity":[84,120,168],"ratings":[85,121,152,198],"painstaking":[87],"labor-intensive.":[89],"We":[90],"use":[91,145,193],"computer-vision":[92],"machine":[94,157],"learning":[95,158],"(CVML)":[96],"identify":[98],"actions":[102,141,191],"4,648":[104],"video":[105],"recordings":[106],"125":[108],"human":[109,143,185],"participants,":[110],"show":[112,129,177],"strong":[113],"correspondences":[114],"obtained":[122],"highly":[124],"trained":[125],"coders.":[126],"Our":[127],"results":[128],"CVML":[131,179],"can":[132,180],"both":[133],"(1)":[134],"determine":[135],"the":[136],"importance":[137],"coders":[144],"derive":[147],"when":[153],"combined":[154],"interpretable":[156],"methods,":[159],"(2)":[161],"efficiently":[162],"automate":[163],"coding":[169],"large":[171],"databases.":[174],"Further,":[175],"we":[176],"be":[181],"applied":[182],"individual":[184],"judges":[186],"infer":[188],"they":[192],"generate":[195],"perceptual":[196],"expressions.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2018-11-09T00:00:00"}
