{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2897255155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","title":"CTL-Derived Exosomes Enhance the Activation of CTLs Stimulated by Low-Affinity Peptides","display_name":"CTL-Derived Exosomes Enhance the Activation of CTLs Stimulated by Low-Affinity Peptides","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2897255155","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","mag":"2897255155","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31275303","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6593274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014319280","display_name":"Shu-Wei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-2024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-2024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu-Wei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060542920","display_name":"Yan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-9527","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1187-9527","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3144-8372"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044827559","display_name":"Zhengguo Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3359-6491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3359-6491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengguo Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044827559"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":2.4926,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89395769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"1274","last_page":"1274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.35280001163482666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.35280001163482666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10773","display_name":"Extracellular vesicles in disease","score":0.32280001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.2632000148296356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exosomes","display_name":"exosomes","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-activation","display_name":"T cell activation","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bystander-activation","display_name":"bystander activation","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-12","display_name":"IL-12","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granzyme-b","display_name":"granzyme B","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-gamma","display_name":"interferon-gamma","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunotherapy","display_name":"cancer immunotherapy","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-viral-infection","display_name":"chronic viral infection","score":0.8299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20518536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6840469","display_name":"Microvesicles","level":4,"score":0.876091480255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147969180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014579","display_name":"CTL*","level":4,"score":0.8520697355270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.46231609582901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.4263276755809784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3636934757232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.356269508600235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35534027218818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.2768138647079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2669275403022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.196648508310318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145059251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310899","display_name":"microRNA","level":3,"score":0.1116216778755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003602","descriptor_name":"Cytotoxicity, Immunologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007167","descriptor_name":"Immunotherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007371","descriptor_name":"Interferon-gamma","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010455","descriptor_name":"Peptides","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011948","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013602","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018414","descriptor_name":"CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018664","descriptor_name":"Interleukin-12","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053804","descriptor_name":"Granzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055354","descriptor_name":"Exosomes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6593274","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6593274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31275303","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31275303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cdfcc19b7e0642efb43e6b9c2ab9d576","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cdfcc19b7e0642efb43e6b9c2ab9d576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 10 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:drum.lib.umd.edu:1903/21220","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1903/21220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401518","display_name":"University Libraries (University of Maryland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"doi:10.13016/m2bn9x631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13016/m2bn9x631","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13016/m2bn9x631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402644","display_name":"Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3298400486","display_name":"Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Mass Spectrometer","funder_award_id":"1s10od019938-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G361321384","display_name":"Microtubule regulation of actomyosin dynamics and force generation in T lymphocytes","funder_award_id":"R01GM131054","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5206309906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GRANT11885997","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6553644680","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GRANT12684386","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2897255155.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2897255155.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541097619","https://openalex.org/W1574663134","https://openalex.org/W1604803755","https://openalex.org/W1696333915","https://openalex.org/W1892857958","https://openalex.org/W1931478385","https://openalex.org/W1959193829","https://openalex.org/W1959677146","https://openalex.org/W1964081728","https://openalex.org/W1972507443","https://openalex.org/W1976785514","https://openalex.org/W1977917052","https://openalex.org/W1985294654","https://openalex.org/W1987462880","https://openalex.org/W1995808454","https://openalex.org/W1996133825","https://openalex.org/W2001074195","https://openalex.org/W2002541767","https://openalex.org/W2009219530","https://openalex.org/W2020229591","https://openalex.org/W2023550692","https://openalex.org/W2024748688","https://openalex.org/W2025195484","https://openalex.org/W2048474460","https://openalex.org/W2048767389","https://openalex.org/W2049369927","https://openalex.org/W2057353879","https://openalex.org/W2058634008","https://openalex.org/W2060117432","https://openalex.org/W2067064730","https://openalex.org/W2068733331","https://openalex.org/W2069749184","https://openalex.org/W2074059194","https://openalex.org/W2076195337","https://openalex.org/W2078894965","https://openalex.org/W2081128658","https://openalex.org/W2081453997","https://openalex.org/W2086172709","https://openalex.org/W2087048469","https://openalex.org/W2087187487","https://openalex.org/W2089367238","https://openalex.org/W2089543767","https://openalex.org/W2090490901","https://openalex.org/W2091218020","https://openalex.org/W2092368847","https://openalex.org/W2093902610","https://openalex.org/W2095433140","https://openalex.org/W2095881540","https://openalex.org/W2096109794","https://openalex.org/W2096879752","https://openalex.org/W2097336904","https://openalex.org/W2120177928","https://openalex.org/W2122385038","https://openalex.org/W2128309631","https://openalex.org/W2133394149","https://openalex.org/W2136314754","https://openalex.org/W2144257133","https://openalex.org/W2145026575","https://openalex.org/W2145858405","https://openalex.org/W2148698828","https://openalex.org/W2153730373","https://openalex.org/W2154347237","https://openalex.org/W2160166896","https://openalex.org/W2162330027","https://openalex.org/W2164115182","https://openalex.org/W2165131031","https://openalex.org/W2170904230","https://openalex.org/W2192215274","https://openalex.org/W2295841223","https://openalex.org/W2298190805","https://openalex.org/W2299094597","https://openalex.org/W2396269049","https://openalex.org/W2543402640","https://openalex.org/W2563681779","https://openalex.org/W2580990716","https://openalex.org/W2591452971","https://openalex.org/W2591742030","https://openalex.org/W2606472645","https://openalex.org/W2751319692","https://openalex.org/W2763367588","https://openalex.org/W2763796455","https://openalex.org/W2795072156","https://openalex.org/W2804881167","https://openalex.org/W2808620382","https://openalex.org/W2884723801"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2763796455","https://openalex.org/W4313384865","https://openalex.org/W2041302454","https://openalex.org/W1974019238","https://openalex.org/W1804501722","https://openalex.org/W7130530159","https://openalex.org/W2087048469","https://openalex.org/W4313349925","https://openalex.org/W2745496998","https://openalex.org/W2091218020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cytotoxic":[0],"T":[1,13],"cells":[2,99],"(CTLs)":[3],"bind":[4],"to":[5,66,171,214],"peptides":[6,58,105],"presented":[7],"by":[8,34,56,86,133],"MHC":[9],"I":[10],"(pMHC)":[11],"through":[12],"cell":[14,122,194],"receptors":[15],"of":[16,26,62,79,93,106,114,118,128,138,165,242],"various":[17],"affinities.":[18],"Low-affinity":[19],"CTLs":[20,39,54,74,88,131,154,228,232,244],"are":[21,40,44,64],"important":[22,236],"for":[23,173,225,247],"the":[24,32,60,77,91,110,126,162,240],"control":[25],"intracellular":[27],"pathogens":[28],"and":[29,42,124,188,208,249],"cancers;":[30],"however,":[31],"mechanisms":[33],"which":[35,168],"these":[36],"lower":[37],"affinity":[38],"activated":[41,53,227],"maintained":[43],"not":[45],"well":[46],"understood.":[47],"We":[48,81],"recently":[49],"discovered":[50],"that":[51,83,233],"fully":[52,226],"stimulated":[55,101,132,153,158],"strong-affinity":[57],"in":[59,70,109,130,144,151,156,229,238,245],"presence":[61,78,111,117],"IL-12":[63],"able":[65],"secrete":[67],"exosomes":[68,84,172,178,207],"that,":[69],"turn,":[71],"stimulate":[72],"bystander":[73],"without":[75],"requiring":[76],"antigen.":[80],"hypothesized":[82],"secreted":[85],"high-affinity":[87,157],"could":[89,179],"strengthen":[90],"activation":[92,164,187],"low-affinity":[94,134,152,166,243],"CTLs.":[95],"Naive":[96],"OT-I":[97],"CD8+":[98],"were":[100],"with":[102,147],"altered":[103],"N4":[104],"different":[107],"affinities":[108],"or":[112],"absence":[113],"Exo.":[115],"The":[116,136],"Exo":[119],"preferentially":[120],"increased":[121],"proliferation":[123],"enhanced":[125],"production":[127,150],"IFN\u03b3":[129],"peptides.":[135],"expression":[137],"granzyme":[139],"B":[140],"(GZB)":[141],"was":[142],"augmented":[143],"all":[145],"affinities,":[146],"higher":[148,191],"GZB":[149],"than":[155,195],"ones.":[159],"Exosomes":[160],"promoted":[161],"rapid":[163],"CTLs,":[167],"remained":[169],"responsive":[170],"a":[174,190,222],"prolonged":[175],"duration.":[176],"Unexpectedly,":[177],"be":[180],"induced":[181],"quickly":[182],"(24":[183],"h)":[184],"following":[185],"CTL":[186],"at":[189],"quantity":[192],"per":[193],"later":[196],"(72":[197],"h).":[198],"While":[199],"exosome":[200],"protein":[201],"profiles":[202],"vary":[203],"significantly":[204],"between":[205],"early":[206],"their":[209],"later-derived":[210],"counterparts,":[211],"both":[212],"appear":[213],"have":[215,235],"similar":[216],"downstream":[217],"functions.":[218],"These":[219],"results":[220],"reveal":[221],"potential":[223],"mechanism":[224],"activating":[230],"lower-affinity":[231],"may":[234],"implications":[237],"boosting":[239],"function":[241],"immunotherapy":[246],"cancers":[248],"chronic":[250],"viral":[251],"infections.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2018-10-26T00:00:00"}
