{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2892010290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","title":"DeFactoNLP: Fact Verification using Entity Recognition, TFIDF Vector Comparison and Decomposable Attention","display_name":"DeFactoNLP: Fact Verification using Entity Recognition, TFIDF Vector Comparison and Decomposable Attention","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2892010290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","mag":"2892010290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5522.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407105028","display_name":"Fact Extraction and VERification Workshop (FEVER)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5522.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086552503","display_name":"Aniketh Janardhan Reddy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5361","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-5361"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aniketh Janardhan Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh , USA","SDA Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDA Research","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029352933","display_name":"Gil Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-7292","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-7292"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gil Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIACC/DEI Faculdade de Engenharia Universidade do Porto , Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIACC/DEI Faculdade de Engenharia Universidade do Porto , Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073944409","display_name":"Diego Esteves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-545X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-545X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Esteves","raw_affiliation_strings":["SDA Research University of Bonn Bonn , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDA Research University of Bonn Bonn , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7077,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75319123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"132","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.6259999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.6259999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.3379000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fact-checking","display_name":"fact-checking","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-retrieval","display_name":"evidence retrieval","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wikipedia","display_name":"Wikipedia","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"named entity recognition","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-inference","display_name":"natural language inference","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest-classification","display_name":"random forest classification","score":0.6480000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81758059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796584","display_name":"tf\u2013idf","level":3,"score":0.9460674524307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7516114711761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.622171938419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6207165718078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5922719240188599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5879303812980652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5090131759643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.5051026940345764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4938097894191742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4906710386276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.4751458168029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.46185103058815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.2700207829475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5522.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407105028","display_name":"Fact Extraction and VERification Workshop (FEVER)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1809.00509","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.00509","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00509","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2892010290","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1809.00509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.00509","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1809.00509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5522","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5522.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407105028","display_name":"Fact Extraction and VERification Workshop (FEVER)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4325185011","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IPID4all)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","funder_display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G495187929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU\u2010H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8311613726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"642795","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320875","display_name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/039djdh30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2892010290.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2892010290.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1647671624","https://openalex.org/W1653383105","https://openalex.org/W1840435438","https://openalex.org/W2082239877","https://openalex.org/W2096765155","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2154474435","https://openalex.org/W2413794162","https://openalex.org/W2787560479","https://openalex.org/W2788661231","https://openalex.org/W2789566302","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2953084091","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963567867"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953817343","https://openalex.org/W2914045067","https://openalex.org/W2913220844","https://openalex.org/W2955492726","https://openalex.org/W2902421513","https://openalex.org/W4386576638","https://openalex.org/W3211468584","https://openalex.org/W2954698514","https://openalex.org/W2908363989","https://openalex.org/W3212181624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,20,43,158],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,10],"describe":[4],"DeFactoNLP":[5],"1":[6],",":[7],"the":[8,13,33,49,63,66,78,84,89,110,116,119,129,132,149,153],"system":[9,26],"designed":[11],"for":[12],"FEVER":[14,178],"2018":[15],"Shared":[16],"Task.The":[17],"aim":[18],"of":[19,35,65,77,112,131,152],"task":[21],"was":[22],"to":[23,62,75,102,127,147],"conceive":[24],"a":[25,36,103,143,167,171,176],"that":[27],"can":[28],"not":[29,122],"only":[30],"automatically":[31],"assess":[32,128],"veracity":[34,130],"claim":[37,67,85,120],"but":[38],"also":[39],"retrieve":[40],"evidence":[41,169],"supporting":[42,115],"assessment":[44],"from":[45],"Wikipedia.In":[46],"our":[47],"approach,":[48],"Wikipedia":[50],"documents":[51,70,90,98],"whose":[52,71],"Term":[53],"Frequency-Inverse":[54],"Document":[55],"Frequency":[56],"(TFIDF)":[57],"vectors":[58],"are":[59,73,86,99,139,160],"most":[60],"similar":[61,74],"vector":[64],"and":[68,175],"those":[69,76],"names":[72],"named":[79],"entities":[80],"(NEs)":[81],"mentioned":[82],"in":[83,96],"identified":[87],"as":[88,162],"which":[91,156],"might":[92],"contain":[93],"evidence.The":[94],"sentences":[95,155],"these":[97,137],"then":[100],"supplied":[101],"textual":[104],"entailment":[105],"recognition":[106],"module.This":[107],"module":[108],"calculates":[109],"probability":[111],"each":[113],"sentence":[114],"claim,":[117],"contradicting":[118],"or":[121],"providing":[123],"any":[124],"relevant":[125],"information":[126],"claim.Various":[133],"features":[134],"computed":[135],"using":[136],"probabilities":[138],"finally":[140],"used":[141],"by":[142],"Random":[144],"Forest":[145],"classifier":[146],"determine":[148],"overall":[150],"truthfulness":[151],"claim.The":[154],"support":[157],"classification":[159],"returned":[161],"evidence.Our":[163],"approach":[164],"achieved":[165],"2":[166],"0.4277":[168],"F1-score,":[170],"0.5136":[172],"label":[173],"accuracy":[174],"0.3833":[177],"score":[179],"3":[180],".":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2018-09-27T00:00:00"}