{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891380476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","title":"Opening the Black Box: A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Effects of Top Management Team Diversity on Emergent Team Processes and Multilevel Contextual Influence","display_name":"Opening the Black Box: A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Effects of Top Management Team Diversity on Emergent Team Processes and Multilevel Contextual Influence","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891380476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","mag":"2891380476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1059601118799475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192266589","display_name":"Group & Organization Management","issn_l":"1059-6011","issn":["1059-6011","1552-3993"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Group &amp; Organization Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058352595","display_name":"Hyuntak Roh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7060-9848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7060-9848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyuntak Roh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065550057","display_name":"Kyungmi Chun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyungmi Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079756212","display_name":"Yeejeong Ryou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeejeong Ryou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020676944","display_name":"Jooyeon Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6747-3107","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6747-3107"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jooyeon Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065550057"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93722023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"1","first_page":"112","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.008299999870359898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/top-management-team-diversity","display_name":"top management team diversity","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-elaboration","display_name":"information elaboration","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-categorization","display_name":"social categorization","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-culture","display_name":"national culture","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-distance","display_name":"power distance","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collectivism","display_name":"collectivism","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-dynamism","display_name":"industry dynamism","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-effect","display_name":"mediating effect","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-moderators","display_name":"contextual moderators","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775836275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502310","display_name":"Dynamism","level":2,"score":0.7285193800926208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.7124946117401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6909477710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.647197425365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779192218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16944486","display_name":"Elaboration","level":2,"score":0.4775969982147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4772243797779083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4682924151420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96420161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237789","display_name":"Collectivism","level":3,"score":0.46406421065330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.4342661201953888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.41654422879219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3955947160720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.212009996175766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19303473830223083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13676762580871582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17022365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171995","display_name":"Individualism","level":2,"score":0.1102491021156311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10991930961608887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1059601118799475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601118799475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192266589","display_name":"Group & Organization Management","issn_l":"1059-6011","issn":["1059-6011","1552-3993"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Group &amp; Organization Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":147,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W354207550","https://openalex.org/W386986494","https://openalex.org/W589993612","https://openalex.org/W612372977","https://openalex.org/W1480565228","https://openalex.org/W1540798360","https://openalex.org/W1589344706","https://openalex.org/W1598561156","https://openalex.org/W1688676116","https://openalex.org/W1815366897","https://openalex.org/W1881549307","https://openalex.org/W1939171311","https://openalex.org/W1964105666","https://openalex.org/W1965116150","https://openalex.org/W1965461863","https://openalex.org/W1970251998","https://openalex.org/W1973335077","https://openalex.org/W1978403340","https://openalex.org/W1980414430","https://openalex.org/W1986065526","https://openalex.org/W1986357892","https://openalex.org/W1992661797","https://openalex.org/W1993164540","https://openalex.org/W1993794559","https://openalex.org/W1998933571","https://openalex.org/W2000785693","https://openalex.org/W2003121350","https://openalex.org/W2004192456","https://openalex.org/W2006546769","https://openalex.org/W2006750647","https://openalex.org/W2010232646","https://openalex.org/W2013600698","https://openalex.org/W2018201949","https://openalex.org/W2021393658","https://openalex.org/W2021670737","https://openalex.org/W2023017348","https://openalex.org/W2023579566","https://openalex.org/W2024226727","https://openalex.org/W2030214259","https://openalex.org/W2035111819","https://openalex.org/W2036985902","https://openalex.org/W2037814029","https://openalex.org/W2041079038","https://openalex.org/W2045181804","https://openalex.org/W2050679136","https://openalex.org/W2051295428","https://openalex.org/W2053531577","https://openalex.org/W2057015527","https://openalex.org/W2058718434","https://openalex.org/W2059872550","https://openalex.org/W2061977527","https://openalex.org/W2065967577","https://openalex.org/W2068478044","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2072772164","https://openalex.org/W2074479610","https://openalex.org/W2080178926","https://openalex.org/W2082443018","https://openalex.org/W2082454208","https://openalex.org/W2082842666","https://openalex.org/W2083046711","https://openalex.org/W2085914364","https://openalex.org/W2088112716","https://openalex.org/W2089576145","https://openalex.org/W2094735067","https://openalex.org/W2094938541","https://openalex.org/W2095278674","https://openalex.org/W2097040708","https://openalex.org/W2098158490","https://openalex.org/W2098266369","https://openalex.org/W2098274145","https://openalex.org/W2099265122","https://openalex.org/W2101031433","https://openalex.org/W2102582147","https://openalex.org/W2105875202","https://openalex.org/W2108697536","https://openalex.org/W2109507579","https://openalex.org/W2111936320","https://openalex.org/W2112432954","https://openalex.org/W2113096730","https://openalex.org/W2115374626","https://openalex.org/W2115638724","https://openalex.org/W2115891160","https://openalex.org/W2118907328","https://openalex.org/W2120368989","https://openalex.org/W2122296244","https://openalex.org/W2122884194","https://openalex.org/W2124297224","https://openalex.org/W2126186544","https://openalex.org/W2126336658","https://openalex.org/W2126374116","https://openalex.org/W2128483484","https://openalex.org/W2130982534","https://openalex.org/W2134595776","https://openalex.org/W2136525652","https://openalex.org/W2137817686","https://openalex.org/W2139144705","https://openalex.org/W2139382679","https://openalex.org/W2140294498","https://openalex.org/W2140454616","https://openalex.org/W2141116345","https://openalex.org/W2143518083","https://openalex.org/W2147142066","https://openalex.org/W2147623033","https://openalex.org/W2148049298","https://openalex.org/W2148056176","https://openalex.org/W2148141559","https://openalex.org/W2149404293","https://openalex.org/W2153043827","https://openalex.org/W2157917661","https://openalex.org/W2159012497","https://openalex.org/W2162620934","https://openalex.org/W2163297822","https://openalex.org/W2163864185","https://openalex.org/W2163951980","https://openalex.org/W2164579412","https://openalex.org/W2165625270","https://openalex.org/W2166061111","https://openalex.org/W2168255994","https://openalex.org/W2168974503","https://openalex.org/W2172004501","https://openalex.org/W2227522279","https://openalex.org/W2319789712","https://openalex.org/W2319992595","https://openalex.org/W2322104919","https://openalex.org/W2322717852","https://openalex.org/W2326787527","https://openalex.org/W2326943757","https://openalex.org/W2328572069","https://openalex.org/W2331998609","https://openalex.org/W2334108254","https://openalex.org/W2339745700","https://openalex.org/W2412500514","https://openalex.org/W2479751316","https://openalex.org/W2490299702","https://openalex.org/W2496455699","https://openalex.org/W2797884775","https://openalex.org/W2895552032","https://openalex.org/W3121736426","https://openalex.org/W4229570919","https://openalex.org/W4236063384","https://openalex.org/W4253216628","https://openalex.org/W4296586302","https://openalex.org/W4298345247","https://openalex.org/W4299601558","https://openalex.org/W4300192888","https://openalex.org/W4388147625"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2846529698","https://openalex.org/W4402720324","https://openalex.org/W3032610740","https://openalex.org/W3033435923","https://openalex.org/W2090698267","https://openalex.org/W1939171311","https://openalex.org/W2036985902","https://openalex.org/W7062576812","https://openalex.org/W4308946682","https://openalex.org/W2168255994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"attempts":[2],"to":[3,118,149],"open":[4],"the":[5,17,48,134,151,211,223,227],"black":[6],"box":[7],"of":[8,63,70,89,101,217,226],"top":[9],"management":[10],"team":[11,29,45,103,139],"(TMT)":[12],"diversity":[13,24,50,90,135,154,178,187],"research":[14,19],"by":[15,37],"examining":[16],"following":[18],"questions:":[20],"(a)":[21],"how":[22,85,120],"TMT":[23,49,228],"has":[25,179],"effects":[26,34,136],"on":[27,137],"emergent":[28,44,102,138],"processes,":[30,185],"(b)":[31],"when":[32],"those":[33],"are":[35,95,116],"shaped":[36],"key":[38],"environmental":[39],"contingencies,":[40],"and":[41,51,92,107,125,127,131,157,195,201],"(c)":[42],"whether":[43],"processes":[46,104,160],"mediate":[47],"firm":[52],"performance":[53,162],"relationship.":[54],"To":[55],"address":[56],"these":[57],"issues,":[58],"we":[59,83,142],"conduct":[60,143],"a":[61,68,144],"series":[62],"meta-analytic":[64,113],"examination.":[65],"First,":[66],"using":[67],"sample":[69],"208":[71],"effect":[72,167],"sizes":[73,168],"from":[74,169],"51":[75],"studies":[76],"covering":[77],"multiple":[78],"industries":[79],"across":[80],"10":[81],"countries,":[82],"test":[84],"two":[86,99],"distinct":[87],"types":[88,100],"(task-":[91],"relations-oriented":[93,177],"diversity)":[94],"differentially":[96],"associated":[97,190],"with":[98,182,191],"(information":[105],"elaboration":[106,156,194],"social":[108,158,183,196],"categorization)":[109],"in":[110,207],"TMTs.":[111],"Second,":[112],"regression":[114],"analyses":[115],"conducted":[117],"examine":[119,150],"national":[121,208],"culture":[122,209],"(power":[123],"distance":[124],"collectivism)":[126],"industry":[128],"characteristics":[129],"(munificence":[130],"dynamism)":[132],"influence":[133],"processes.":[140,198],"Third,":[141],"structural":[145,218],"equation":[146,219],"modeling":[147,220],"analysis":[148],"relationships":[152,181],"among":[153],"(input)\u2013information":[155],"categorization\u2013based":[159,184,197],"(mediators)\u2013firm":[161],"(output),":[163],"incorporating":[164],"additional":[165],"895":[166],"152":[170],"studies.":[171],"Our":[172],"findings":[173],"indicate":[174],"that":[175],"while":[176],"apparent":[180],"task-oriented":[186],"is":[188],"strongly":[189],"both":[192],"information":[193],"Industry":[199],"munificence":[200],"dynamism":[202],"as":[203,205],"well":[204],"collectivism":[206],"moderate":[210],"diversity\u2013social":[212],"categorization":[213],"relationships.":[214],"The":[215],"result":[216],"also":[221],"confirms":[222],"mediating":[224],"paths":[225],"diversity\u2013information":[229],"elaboration/social":[230],"categorization\u2013performance":[231],"links.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2018-09-27T00:00:00"}
