{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2890859005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","title":"Bronchial hyper-responsiveness: a technical update","display_name":"Bronchial hyper-responsiveness: a technical update","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2890859005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","mag":"2890859005","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30192977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/occmed/kqy122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195965714","display_name":"Occupational Medicine","issn_l":"0962-7480","issn":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108079902","display_name":"Jonathan B Borak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Borak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041337174","display_name":"Rafael Y. Lefkowitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-4699","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-4699"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Y Lefkowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033472253","display_name":"Brian Linde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Linde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108079902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":2976,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3925},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66637499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"8","first_page":"519","last_page":"522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-hyperresponsiveness","display_name":"airway hyperresponsiveness","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-diagnosis","display_name":"asthma diagnosis","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchial-provocation-test","display_name":"bronchial provocation test","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tidal-breathing","display_name":"tidal breathing","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pd20","display_name":"PD20","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pc20","display_name":"PC20","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guideline-adoption","display_name":"guideline adoption","score":0.4339999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9122503995895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.7476499080657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.5593955516815186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5403962135314941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.44857466220855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413188","display_name":"Methacholine","level":4,"score":0.4476718008518219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41326993703842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3295234143733978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.18537375330924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18236222863197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.08359342813491821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001980","descriptor_name":"Bronchi","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001980","descriptor_name":"Bronchi","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001985","descriptor_name":"Bronchial Provocation Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014109","descriptor_name":"Total Lung Capacity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016085","descriptor_name":"Bronchoconstrictor Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016210","descriptor_name":"Methacholine Chloride","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/occmed/kqy122","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqy122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195965714","display_name":"Occupational Medicine","issn_l":"0962-7480","issn":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30192977","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30192977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121149184","https://openalex.org/W1968199450","https://openalex.org/W2008669254","https://openalex.org/W2009079383","https://openalex.org/W2011098801","https://openalex.org/W2011781652","https://openalex.org/W2050227066","https://openalex.org/W2082242655","https://openalex.org/W2083019591","https://openalex.org/W2095414619","https://openalex.org/W2103376480","https://openalex.org/W2116219344","https://openalex.org/W2122068252","https://openalex.org/W2124904811","https://openalex.org/W2157075458","https://openalex.org/W2162109259","https://openalex.org/W2162313549","https://openalex.org/W2187630870","https://openalex.org/W2227216773","https://openalex.org/W2230717736","https://openalex.org/W2269913491","https://openalex.org/W2336431486","https://openalex.org/W2518077625","https://openalex.org/W2593158458","https://openalex.org/W2611567798","https://openalex.org/W2749864762","https://openalex.org/W4251638909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2340756561","https://openalex.org/W2124904811","https://openalex.org/W2585788675","https://openalex.org/W1986745261","https://openalex.org/W3214808370","https://openalex.org/W2412759707","https://openalex.org/W2135142925","https://openalex.org/W7204479829","https://openalex.org/W3043342014","https://openalex.org/W2160282112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Bronchial":[1],"hyper-responsiveness":[2],"(BHR)":[3],"is":[4,15],"often":[5],"regarded":[6],"as":[7,115],"a":[8,20,76,121,137,189],"'hallmark'":[9],"of":[10,22,54,79,87,145,157,203,210,222],"asthma,":[11],"and":[12,29,40,62,67,84,94,142,147,226],"bronchoprovocation":[13],"testing":[14,46,181],"frequently":[16],"performed":[17,51,75,101],"to":[18,154],"support":[19],"diagnosis":[21],"asthma.":[23],"The":[24,91],"European":[25],"Respiratory":[26],"Society":[27,32],"(ERS)":[28],"American":[30],"Thoracic":[31],"(ATS)":[33],"have":[34,186],"recently":[35],"updated":[36,60],"their":[37,68,211],"technical":[38],"standards":[39],"guidelines":[41,61,96,167,217],"for":[42,184],"performing":[43],"methacholine":[44],"challenge":[45],"(MCT),":[47],"the":[48,59,64,116,165,215,220],"most":[49],"commonly":[50],"clinical":[52],"test":[53,195],"BHR.":[55],"AIMS:":[56],"To":[57],"review":[58,78],"discuss":[63],"various":[65],"changes":[66],"potential":[69],"impact":[70],"on":[71],"clinicians.":[72],"METHODS:":[73],"We":[74],"systematic":[77],"references":[80],"identified":[81,88],"using":[82,102],"Medline":[83],"hand":[85],"searches":[86],"articles.":[89],"RESULTS:":[90],"new":[92,166,216],"ERS":[93],"ATS":[95],"recommend":[97],"that":[98,111,143,164,178,194],"MCT":[99,223],"be":[100,113,176,199],"tidal":[103],"breathing,":[104],"not":[105],"deep":[106],"inspirations":[107],"with":[108,214],"breath":[109],"holding,":[110],"results":[112],"reported":[114,200],"PD20":[117,158],"(cumulative":[118],"dose":[119],"causing":[120,136],"20%":[122,138],"fall":[123,139],"in":[124,128,140,201,224],"forced":[125],"expiratory":[126],"volume":[127],"1":[129],"s":[130],"[FEV1]),":[131],"rather":[132],"than":[133],"PC20":[134],"(concentration":[135],"FEV1),":[141],"manufacturers":[144],"nebulizers":[146],"other":[148],"delivery":[149],"systems":[150],"provide":[151],"performance":[152],"characteristics":[153],"allow":[155],"calculation":[156],"values.":[159],"Our":[160],"preliminary":[161],"survey":[162],"found":[163],"are":[168],"only":[169],"slowly":[170],"being":[171],"adopted.":[172],"CONCLUSIONS:":[173],"Clinicians":[174],"should":[175,192],"aware":[177],"recommended":[179],"BHR":[180],"methods,":[182],"particularly":[183],"MCT,":[185],"changed.":[187],"As":[188],"result,":[190],"they":[191],"anticipate":[193],"outcomes":[196],"will":[197,206,218],"increasingly":[198],"terms":[202],"PD20,":[204],"which":[205],"facilitate":[207],"longitudinal":[208],"assessment":[209],"patients.":[212],"Compliance":[213],"increase":[219],"sensitivity":[221],"mild":[225],"asymptomatic":[227],"asthmatics.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2018-09-27T00:00:00"}