{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2890213014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","title":"Exfoliation in Endotoxin\u2010Free Albumin Generates Pristine Graphene with Reduced Inflammatory Properties","display_name":"Exfoliation in Endotoxin\u2010Free Albumin Generates Pristine Graphene with Reduced Inflammatory Properties","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2890213014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","mag":"2890213014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42466014","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13373802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/adbi.201800102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205839","display_name":"Advanced Biosystems","issn_l":"2366-7478","issn":["2366-7478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Biosystems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13373802/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080258415","display_name":"Filipa Lebre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-269X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-269X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112033","display_name":"Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4rxk68","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351","https://openalex.org/I188760350","https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I230495080","https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I4210112033","https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filipa Lebre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3146-269X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058596764","display_name":"Damien Hanlon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112033","display_name":"Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4rxk68","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351","https://openalex.org/I188760350","https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I230495080","https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I4210112033","https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damien Hanlon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053633425","display_name":"John B. Boland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112033","display_name":"Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4rxk68","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351","https://openalex.org/I188760350","https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I230495080","https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I4210112033","https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John B. Boland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030331900","display_name":"Jonathan N. Coleman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9659-9721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9659-9721"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112033","display_name":"Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4rxk68","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351","https://openalex.org/I188760350","https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I230495080","https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I4210112033","https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Coleman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9659-9721","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082654662","display_name":"Ed C. Lavelle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-1080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-1080"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112033","display_name":"Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01c4rxk68","country_code":"IE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142762351","https://openalex.org/I188760350","https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I230495080","https://openalex.org/I27577105","https://openalex.org/I4210112033","https://openalex.org/I42934936"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ed C. Lavelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3167-1080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40 Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082654662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468","https://openalex.org/I4210112033"],"apc_list":{"value":3800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57880677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"12","first_page":"1800102","last_page":"1800102"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12627","display_name":"Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12627","display_name":"Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11342","display_name":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pristine-graphene","display_name":"pristine graphene","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-phase-exfoliation","display_name":"liquid-phase exfoliation","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-serum-albumin","display_name":"bovine serum albumin","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-toxicity","display_name":"graphene toxicity","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulation","display_name":"immunomodulation","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nlrp3-inflammasome","display_name":"NLRP3 inflammasome","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dendritic-cells","display_name":"dendritic cells","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-production","display_name":"cytokine production","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-adjuvants","display_name":"vaccine adjuvants","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alum","display_name":"alum","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomaterials","display_name":"biomaterials","score":0.5720000267028809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.8737280368804932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86807702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2620381","display_name":"Bovine serum albumin","level":2,"score":0.6997519731521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777209026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412405","display_name":"Inflammasome","level":3,"score":0.6796188354492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777863537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357896","display_name":"Adjuvant","level":2,"score":0.5883992910385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129162502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200889","display_name":"Exfoliation joint","level":3,"score":0.5856502056121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.42528656125068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.41315317153930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4074938893318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.4051584303379059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.3743593096733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3309366703033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.22470471262931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2168216109275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16342586278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.163263738155365}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/adbi.201800102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adbi.201800102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205839","display_name":"Advanced Biosystems","issn_l":"2366-7478","issn":["2366-7478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Biosystems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42466014","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42466014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced biosystems","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13373802","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13373802/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Adv Biosyst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13373802","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13373802/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Adv Biosyst","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G817680314","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12/1A/1421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561041814","https://openalex.org/W1867645019","https://openalex.org/W1967434989","https://openalex.org/W1970939551","https://openalex.org/W1971915082","https://openalex.org/W1976787731","https://openalex.org/W1978926805","https://openalex.org/W1981142138","https://openalex.org/W1997990070","https://openalex.org/W2007909824","https://openalex.org/W2010226025","https://openalex.org/W2015706810","https://openalex.org/W2017581710","https://openalex.org/W2017743310","https://openalex.org/W2020306845","https://openalex.org/W2022394525","https://openalex.org/W2023590633","https://openalex.org/W2025235443","https://openalex.org/W2030315859","https://openalex.org/W2035315634","https://openalex.org/W2037794305","https://openalex.org/W2042767581","https://openalex.org/W2044224359","https://openalex.org/W2055693852","https://openalex.org/W2058335181","https://openalex.org/W2076062022","https://openalex.org/W2077637800","https://openalex.org/W2081777787","https://openalex.org/W2085537249","https://openalex.org/W2115617484","https://openalex.org/W2125612486","https://openalex.org/W2126737730","https://openalex.org/W2126941192","https://openalex.org/W2128664082","https://openalex.org/W2129746117","https://openalex.org/W2131528875","https://openalex.org/W2135479172","https://openalex.org/W2139109539","https://openalex.org/W2145343991","https://openalex.org/W2154993099","https://openalex.org/W2190067589","https://openalex.org/W2220904281","https://openalex.org/W2252401283","https://openalex.org/W2323919717","https://openalex.org/W2337358801","https://openalex.org/W2353227093","https://openalex.org/W2409248716","https://openalex.org/W2415897006","https://openalex.org/W2484550783","https://openalex.org/W2515598223","https://openalex.org/W2529613141","https://openalex.org/W2543922278","https://openalex.org/W2551895176","https://openalex.org/W2563585318","https://openalex.org/W2589601906","https://openalex.org/W2612164887","https://openalex.org/W2613540703","https://openalex.org/W2613982597","https://openalex.org/W2621377986","https://openalex.org/W4255024328"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2551895176","https://openalex.org/W2894968499","https://openalex.org/W2775940478","https://openalex.org/W2613540703","https://openalex.org/W7134958268","https://openalex.org/W1819994755","https://openalex.org/W2769853737","https://openalex.org/W4403306731","https://openalex.org/W2997863258","https://openalex.org/W3120627467"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Graphene-based":[0],"materials":[1],"are":[2],"under":[3],"consideration":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,50],"new":[7],"generation":[8],"of":[9,26,32,132,172,180,183,194],"biomaterials":[10,28],"for":[11,186],"medical":[12],"applications,":[13],"owning":[14],"to":[15,23,54,80,111,155],"their":[16],"distinctive":[17],"physicochemical":[18],"properties.":[19],"A":[20],"major":[21],"obstacle":[22],"clinical":[24],"translation":[25],"novel":[27,187],"is":[29,151],"the":[30,109,113,141,147,159,167,170,181,191],"presence":[31],"residual":[33],"endotoxin":[34],"contaminants":[35,139],"that":[36,127,156,177],"can":[37],"trigger":[38,92],"deleterious":[39],"inflammatory":[40,148,197],"responses":[41],"and":[42,66,73,161,196],"unrelated":[43],"immunomodulatory":[44],"effects.":[45],"To":[46],"overcome":[47],"this":[48],"challenge,":[49],"liquid":[51],"exfoliation":[52],"methodology":[53],"prepare":[55],"endotoxin-free":[56,174],"bovine":[57],"serum":[58],"albumin":[59],"(BSA)-exfoliated":[60],"pristine":[61,175,184],"graphene":[62,71,76,83,133,176,185],"(EF-Gr)":[63],"was":[64],"developed":[65],"compared":[67],"with":[68,119],"conventional":[69],"BSA-exfoliated":[70,88],"(C-Gr)":[72],"sodium":[74],"cholate-exfoliated":[75],"(SC-Gr).":[77],"In":[78],"contrast":[79],"SC-Gr,":[81],"protein-exfoliated":[82],"exhibits":[84],"low":[85],"toxicity.":[86],"Moreover,":[87],"EF-Gr":[89],"does":[90],"not":[91],"cytokine":[93],"secretion":[94],"or":[95,104],"increase":[96],"costimulatory":[97],"molecule":[98],"expression":[99],"in":[100,116,140,153],"dendritic":[101],"cells":[102],"(DCs)":[103],"macrophages;":[105],"however":[106],"it":[107],"retains":[108],"ability":[110],"activate":[112],"NLRP3":[114],"inflammasome":[115],"DCs":[117],"primed":[118],"Toll-like":[120],"receptor":[121],"(TLR)":[122],"agonists.":[123],"The":[124],"results":[125],"suggest":[126],"some":[128],"reported":[129],"immunostimulatory":[130],"effects":[131,193],"preparations":[134],"may":[135],"have":[136],"resulted":[137],"from":[138],"formulations.":[142],"When":[143],"injected":[144],"into":[145],"mice,":[146],"response":[149],"induced":[150,157],"comparable":[152],"magnitude":[154],"by":[158],"safe":[160],"effective":[162],"vaccine":[163],"adjuvant":[164],"alum.":[165],"Overall,":[166],"study":[168],"demonstrates":[169],"feasibility":[171],"producing":[173],"facilitates":[178],"assessment":[179],"potential":[182],"biomedical":[188],"applications":[189],"without":[190],"confounding":[192],"toxic":[195],"contaminants.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-09-27T00:00:00"}