{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888645009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","title":"Modes of Information Flow","display_name":"Modes of Information Flow","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888645009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","mag":"2888645009","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42940884","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13703659"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28101162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048397372","display_name":"Ryan G. James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2149-9085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2149-9085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan G. James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2149-9085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091318868","display_name":"Blanca Daniella Mansante Ayala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blanca Daniella Masante Ayala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102874661","display_name":"Bahti Zakirov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-9954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7860-9954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157556583","display_name":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","ror":"https://ror.org/03gnh5541","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahti Zakirov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Maria Gugging, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Maria Gugging, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157556583"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047565816","display_name":"James P. Crutchfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-5410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-5410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James P. Crutchfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-5410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Complexity Sciences Center and Physics Department, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047565816","https://openalex.org/A5048397372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00021946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"10","first_page":"1162","last_page":"1162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14299","display_name":"Complex Systems and Dynamics","score":0.423799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14299","display_name":"Complex Systems and Dynamics","score":0.423799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.2890999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.14319999516010284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-flow","display_name":"information flow","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-entropy","display_name":"transfer entropy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-agreement-protocol","display_name":"key exchange","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"synchronization","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-markets","display_name":"financial markets","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-systems","display_name":"complex systems","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182049051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17147155","display_name":"Transfer entropy","level":3,"score":0.8826705813407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.7316429615020752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779136372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10283002","display_name":"Information flow","level":2,"score":0.7090213298797607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.644788384437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.5442909598350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5351848006248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5135471820831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4228411316871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3652079105377197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19168546795845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18125569820404053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14456477761268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.13548526167869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1345997452735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13351625204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9679016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417473","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","level":2,"score":0.10912877321243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.085956871509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28101162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13703659","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13703659/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13703659/pdf/entropy-28-01162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42940884","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42940884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.06723","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.06723","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.06723","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt4n2922bq","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4n2922bq","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4n2922bq","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2888645009","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.06723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/d392c95f-3a50-4fc1-a2a6-890a516f6938","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.06723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"James, R G, Ayala, B D M, Zakirov, B & Crutchfield, J P 2018, 'Modes of Information Flow', CoRR. < http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.06723 >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d683f83f51d0436e87cee555b2ac4f67","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d683f83f51d0436e87cee555b2ac4f67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 28, Iss 10, p 1162 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1808.06723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.06723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.06723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e28101162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e28101162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376725851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF1310390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2466756545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-13-1-0390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311357","funder_display_name":"Foundational Questions Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3732666562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3904958038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4660278623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G490239935","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-13-1-0390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4983810405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-13-1-0390","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5259331294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6421146225","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FQXi-RFP-1609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6446825002","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311357","funder_display_name":"Foundational Questions Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6456372408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311357","funder_display_name":"Foundational Questions Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G736488038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-18-1-0028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8204830963","display_name":"Structural Complexity of Quantum Processes","funder_award_id":"52095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8706526606","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FQXi-RFP-1609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311357","funder_display_name":"Foundational Questions Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","display_name":"John Templeton Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/035tnyy05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308797","display_name":"University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311357","display_name":"Foundational Questions Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/016en1t86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312777","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321739","display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/059ex5q34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888645009.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888645009.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108696806","https://openalex.org/W1747716446","https://openalex.org/W1976450472","https://openalex.org/W2003362646","https://openalex.org/W2007662525","https://openalex.org/W2041782669","https://openalex.org/W2046945477","https://openalex.org/W2066902279","https://openalex.org/W2092939357","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2099970571","https://openalex.org/W2106833918","https://openalex.org/W2110358873","https://openalex.org/W2111030512","https://openalex.org/W2123838014","https://openalex.org/W2125317383","https://openalex.org/W2133129288","https://openalex.org/W2146705998","https://openalex.org/W2169581288","https://openalex.org/W2226939863","https://openalex.org/W2285510289","https://openalex.org/W2586262377","https://openalex.org/W2680891373","https://openalex.org/W2751862591","https://openalex.org/W2794806662","https://openalex.org/W2798753525","https://openalex.org/W2805454227","https://openalex.org/W2947000318","https://openalex.org/W3124661333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975083465","https://openalex.org/W2169581288","https://openalex.org/W2226939863","https://openalex.org/W7075718175","https://openalex.org/W2039380580","https://openalex.org/W2940978245","https://openalex.org/W2555619973","https://openalex.org/W2005541362","https://openalex.org/W2079943174","https://openalex.org/W130736920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"flow":[1,29,40,68,98,169,174,198,226],"between":[2,181],"components":[3],"of":[4,19,27,45,50,53,56,75,108,125,139,231],"a":[5,137,229],"system":[6],"takes":[7],"many":[8],"forms":[9],"and":[10,17,131,148,151,157,183,243],"is":[11,47,60,73,175,191,214],"key":[12,179,188],"to":[13,34,88,136,145,154,216,222],"understanding":[14],"the":[15,43,51,79,186,210,224],"organization":[16],"functioning":[18],"large-scale,":[20],"complex":[21],"systems.":[22],"We":[23,219],"demonstrate":[24],"three":[25,225],"modalities":[26,227],"information":[28,39,64,67,97,127,130,144],"from":[30],"time":[31,35],"series":[32,36],"X":[33,46,182],"Y.":[37,184],"Intrinsic":[38],"exists":[41,69],"when":[42,70,100],"past":[44,72],"individually":[48,164],"predictive":[49,74,107],"present":[52,77,110],"Y,":[54],"independent":[55],"Y\u2019s":[57,76,83,104,109],"past;":[58,84],"this":[59,85,217],"most":[61,121],"commonly":[62],"considered":[63],"flow.":[65,159],"Shared":[66],"X\u2019s":[71,102],"in":[78,228],"same":[80],"manner":[81],"as":[82],"occurs":[86,99],"due":[87],"synchronization":[89],"or":[90],"common":[91],"driving,":[92],"for":[93],"example.":[94],"Finally,":[95],"synergistic":[96,158],"neither":[101],"nor":[103],"pasts":[105],"are":[106],"on":[111,204],"their":[112],"own,":[113],"but":[114],"taken":[115],"together":[116],"they":[117],"are.":[118],"The":[119],"two":[120],"broadly-employed":[122],"information-theoretic":[123],"methods":[124],"quantifying":[126],"flow\u2014time-delayed":[128],"mutual":[129,143,207],"transfer":[132,152],"entropy\u2014are":[133],"both":[134,146,155],"sensitive":[135],"pair":[138],"these":[140],"modalities:":[141],"time-delayed":[142],"intrinsic":[147,156,173,197,206],"shared":[149],"flow,":[150],"entropy":[153],"To":[160],"quantify":[161,223],"each":[162],"mode":[163],"we":[165,195],"introduce":[166],"our":[167],"cryptographic":[168],"ansatz,":[170],"positing":[171],"that":[172,209],"synonymous":[176],"with":[177],"secret":[178,187],"agreement":[180,189],"Since":[185],"rate":[190],"not":[192],"directly":[193],"computable,":[194],"estimate":[196],"by":[199],"an":[200],"easily-computed":[201],"upper":[202],"bound":[203],"it\u2014the":[205],"information\u2014so":[208],"resulting":[211],"three-way":[212],"split":[213],"relative":[215],"bound.":[218],"use":[220],"it":[221],"variety":[230],"systems":[232],"including":[233],"asymmetric":[234],"flows,":[235],"coupled":[236],"chaotic":[237],"dynamical":[238],"systems,":[239],"leader-follower":[240],"collective":[241],"dynamics,":[242],"financial":[244],"markets.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-08-31T00:00:00"}