{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2887780950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","title":"Optimal coinsurance rates for a heterogeneous population under inequality and resource constraints","display_name":"Optimal coinsurance rates for a heterogeneous population under inequality and resource constraints","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2887780950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","mag":"2887780950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225672","display_name":"IISE Transactions","issn_l":"2472-5854","issn":["2472-5854","2472-5862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IISE Transactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046422710","display_name":"Greggory J. Schell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324225390","display_name":"Center for Naval Analyses","ror":"https://ror.org/000z4wj31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324225390"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greggory J. Schell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Naval Analyses, Arlington, VA, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Naval Analyses, Arlington, VA, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324225390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036842515","display_name":"Gian\u2010Gabriel P. Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9315-0195","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9315-0195"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian-Gabriel P. Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086266530","display_name":"Mariel S. Lavieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9164-0596","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9164-0596"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mariel S. Lavieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005935781","display_name":"Jeremy B. Sussman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-3618","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-3618"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102099","display_name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/018txrr13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114783","display_name":"VA Center for Clinical Management Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02arm0y30","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114783","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy B. Sussman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114783"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103470033","display_name":"Rodney A. Hayward","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-7250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-7250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102099","display_name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/018txrr13","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114783","display_name":"VA Center for Clinical Management Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02arm0y30","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114783","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney A. Hayward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102099","https://openalex.org/I4210114783"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086266530"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3766,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73197811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"74","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.5145999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.5145999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11620","display_name":"Medication Adherence and Compliance","score":0.2849000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.0406000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescription-drugs","display_name":"prescription drugs","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-adherence","display_name":"patient adherence","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prevention","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prevention","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-patient-populations","display_name":"heterogeneous patient populations","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-welfare-maximization","display_name":"social welfare maximization","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bi-level-optimization","display_name":"bi-level optimization","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare","display_name":"Medicare","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.5149999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.5113710761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48086315393447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.46503302454948425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42706161737442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39782553911209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2350454330444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210225672","display_name":"IISE Transactions","issn_l":"2472-5854","issn":["2472-5854","2472-5862"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IISE Transactions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:uiiexx:v:51:y:2019:i:1:p:74-91","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/24725854.2018.1499053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6881498.v2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2330957","https://openalex.org/W97761631","https://openalex.org/W1526197196","https://openalex.org/W1604374511","https://openalex.org/W1825959266","https://openalex.org/W1975981054","https://openalex.org/W1981756839","https://openalex.org/W1990767507","https://openalex.org/W1993771131","https://openalex.org/W1993833868","https://openalex.org/W2002602004","https://openalex.org/W2016875621","https://openalex.org/W2029919169","https://openalex.org/W2031968478","https://openalex.org/W2032179477","https://openalex.org/W2054796764","https://openalex.org/W2057032808","https://openalex.org/W2058056848","https://openalex.org/W2058380436","https://openalex.org/W2066132221","https://openalex.org/W2071615130","https://openalex.org/W2077268598","https://openalex.org/W2078978899","https://openalex.org/W2079934540","https://openalex.org/W2081089937","https://openalex.org/W2093380756","https://openalex.org/W2095907878","https://openalex.org/W2099422784","https://openalex.org/W2103549470","https://openalex.org/W2110166542","https://openalex.org/W2111961224","https://openalex.org/W2116049533","https://openalex.org/W2117419474","https://openalex.org/W2118781681","https://openalex.org/W2123440207","https://openalex.org/W2135792351","https://openalex.org/W2138955883","https://openalex.org/W2140725189","https://openalex.org/W2142367484","https://openalex.org/W2148195074","https://openalex.org/W2151481259","https://openalex.org/W2156320332","https://openalex.org/W2156458610","https://openalex.org/W2158699791","https://openalex.org/W2162483540","https://openalex.org/W2166999007","https://openalex.org/W2168427527","https://openalex.org/W2171907973","https://openalex.org/W2177271944","https://openalex.org/W2180140728","https://openalex.org/W2185303328","https://openalex.org/W2204821642","https://openalex.org/W2327779023","https://openalex.org/W2351661971","https://openalex.org/W2481910659","https://openalex.org/W2511907480","https://openalex.org/W2529365584","https://openalex.org/W2536111859","https://openalex.org/W2548823763","https://openalex.org/W2574502705","https://openalex.org/W2618476586","https://openalex.org/W2747615034","https://openalex.org/W2766555330","https://openalex.org/W2883807213","https://openalex.org/W3110191396","https://openalex.org/W3123685872","https://openalex.org/W3125098914","https://openalex.org/W4213270426","https://openalex.org/W4255552701","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300578501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2993112764","https://openalex.org/W3122653481","https://openalex.org/W4415517692","https://openalex.org/W1917195644","https://openalex.org/W6982650012","https://openalex.org/W4391655106","https://openalex.org/W4400519061","https://openalex.org/W4416630609","https://openalex.org/W2807115943","https://openalex.org/W6981209223"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"operations":[1],"research":[2],"has":[3,78],"contributed":[4],"heavily":[5],"to":[6,18,31,34,41,46,126],"the":[7,52,55,66,74,79,88,128],"derivation":[8],"of":[9,54,81,152],"optimal":[10,89,129],"treatment":[11,19,90],"guidelines":[12,32],"for":[13,27,38,61,92,122,150,166,174,180],"chronic":[14],"diseases,":[15],"patient":[16,29,42,57,94,168],"adherence":[17,30,169],"plans":[20],"is":[21,33,100],"low":[22],"and":[23,111,134,146,170],"variable.":[24],"One":[25],"mechanism":[26],"improving":[28,167],"tailor":[35],"coinsurance":[36,48,112,130,159],"rates":[37,49,160],"prescription":[39],"medications":[40,149],"characteristics.":[43],"We":[44,64,114,132,155],"seek":[45],"find":[47,156],"that":[50,86,157],"maximize":[51],"welfare":[53],"heterogeneous":[56],"population":[58],"at":[59,177],"risk":[60,179],"cardiovascular":[62,153,181],"disease.":[63,154,182],"analyze":[65],"problem":[67,77,99,105],"as":[68],"a":[69,82,101,119,163],"bilevel":[70],"optimization":[71,76,98],"model":[72,137],"where":[73],"lower":[75],"structure":[80],"Markov":[83],"decision":[84],"process":[85],"determines":[87],"plan":[91],"each":[93],"class.":[95],"The":[96],"upper":[97],"nonlinear":[102],"resource":[103],"allocation":[104],"with":[106,118],"constraints":[107],"on":[108],"total":[109],"expenditures":[110],"inequality.":[113],"used":[115],"dynamic":[116],"programming":[117],"penalty":[120],"function":[121],"nonseparable":[123],"constraint":[124],"violations":[125],"derive":[127],"rates.":[131],"parameterized":[133],"solved":[135],"this":[136],"by":[138,144],"considering":[139],"patients":[140,176],"who":[141],"are":[142,147],"insured":[143],"Medicare":[145],"prescribed":[148],"prevention":[151],"optimizing":[158],"can":[161],"be":[162],"cost-effective":[164],"intervention":[165],"health":[171],"outcomes,":[172],"particularly":[173],"those":[175],"high":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-08-22T00:00:00"}