{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2887568085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","title":"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Alter the Microbiota and Exacerbate Clostridium difficile Colitis while Dysregulating the Inflammatory Response","display_name":"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Alter the Microbiota and Exacerbate Clostridium difficile Colitis while Dysregulating the Inflammatory Response","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2887568085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","mag":"2887568085","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622186","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6325247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/mbio.02282-18","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201176","display_name":"mBio","issn_l":"2150-7511","issn":["2150-7511","2161-2129"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073508729","display_name":"Dami\u00e1n Maseda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-6881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-6881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damian Maseda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-6881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051920013","display_name":"Joseph P. Zackular","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-3055","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-3055"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph P. Zackular","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-3055","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030554024","display_name":"Bruno Caetano Trindade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-9003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-9003"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Trindade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082808158","display_name":"Leslie A. Kirk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047402283","display_name":"Jennifer Lising Roxas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-9208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-9208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Lising Roxas","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027122905","display_name":"Lisa M. Rogers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0689-0440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0689-0440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa M. Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087826096","display_name":"Mary Kay Washington","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-7695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-7695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary K. Washington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017649557","display_name":"Liping Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-2135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-2135","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5168-1756"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048600723","display_name":"Tatsuki Koyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-9165","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-9165"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatsuki Koyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Quantitative Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019164833","display_name":"V. K. Viswanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-9865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-9865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. K. Viswanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017921517","display_name":"Gayatri Vedantam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3144-0610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3144-0610"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gayatri Vedantam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062762496","display_name":"Patrick D. Schloss","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-4275","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-4275"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick D. Schloss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6935-4275","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069490679","display_name":"Leslie J. Crofford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-5738","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6347-5738"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie J. Crofford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082616273","display_name":"Eric Patrick Skaar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-8105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-8105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric P. Skaar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084296885","display_name":"David Michael Aronoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-6121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-6121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David M. Aronoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084296885"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446","https://openalex.org/I901861585"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"fwci":6.5132,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97668078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13569","display_name":"Microscopic Colitis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs","display_name":"nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indomethacin","display_name":"indomethacin","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-difficile-infection","display_name":"Clostridium difficile infection","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-associated-colitis","display_name":"antibiotic-associated colitis","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mouse-model","display_name":"mouse model","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","level":3,"score":0.7870250940322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909592510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574905","display_name":"Clostridium Difficile Colitis","level":4,"score":0.721228837966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775862500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2453464","display_name":"Colitis","level":2,"score":0.7207599878311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7051205635070801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777165150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269334","display_name":"Dysbiosis","level":3,"score":0.5974216461181641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.5678434371948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539455810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739734","display_name":"Gut flora","level":2,"score":0.49302050471305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778484676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20707196","display_name":"Nonsteroidal","level":2,"score":0.47252801060676575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4126182198524475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3806571066379547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.35472533106803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.2443019151687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13760778307914734}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000894","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000894","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003015","descriptor_name":"Clostridium Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007213","descriptor_name":"Indomethacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007213","descriptor_name":"Indomethacin","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007413","descriptor_name":"Intestinal Mucosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007413","descriptor_name":"Intestinal Mucosa","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009504","descriptor_name":"Neutrophils","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011453","descriptor_name":"Prostaglandins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016019","descriptor_name":"Survival Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/mbio.02282-18","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201176","display_name":"mBio","issn_l":"2150-7511","issn":["2150-7511","2161-2129"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1101/391607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/391607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/391607","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/08/14/391607.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5303640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6325247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6325247","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6325247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30622186","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30622186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/633020","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02282-18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:492be4d6751442bda2d9d927ff64c839","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/492be4d6751442bda2d9d927ff64c839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"mBio, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cc43efd9b5054b0c9499a9b9523709bf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cc43efd9b5054b0c9499a9b9523709bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"mBio, Vol 10, Iss 1, p e02282-18 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/mbio.02282-18","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02282-18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201176","display_name":"mBio","issn_l":"2150-7511","issn":["2150-7511","2161-2129"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"mBio","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1792522231","display_name":"Prostaglandins as protective mediators in Clostridium difficile infection","funder_award_id":"R21AI121796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2887603861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IK6 BX003789","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G373423457","display_name":"A safe, targeted, designer probiotic to prevent or treat C. difficile infection","funder_award_id":"R21AI121590","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4909993419","display_name":"Repurposing misoprostol for Clostridium difficile colitis as identified by PheWAS","funder_award_id":"R21TR001723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5534480012","display_name":"The Impact of Vancomycin-Resistant Entercoccus on Clostridium difficile Infection","funder_award_id":"K22AI137220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6809323954","display_name":"The impact of dietary metals on the gut microbiome and Clostridium difficile infection","funder_award_id":"F32AI120553","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7473062846","display_name":"Repurposing misoprostol to prevent recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection","funder_award_id":"U01TR002398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000076948","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DK 058404","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000858999","display_name":"Training in Gastroenterology","funder_award_id":"T32DK007673","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000862353","display_name":"Molecular and Cellular Basis for Digestive Diseases","funder_award_id":"P30DK058404","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1163643844","https://openalex.org/W1490158929","https://openalex.org/W1583343932","https://openalex.org/W1836263069","https://openalex.org/W1896600727","https://openalex.org/W1907898035","https://openalex.org/W1913844335","https://openalex.org/W1943350258","https://openalex.org/W1953168141","https://openalex.org/W1963308907","https://openalex.org/W1965629335","https://openalex.org/W1968719631","https://openalex.org/W1971497070","https://openalex.org/W1971575021","https://openalex.org/W1972603985","https://openalex.org/W1973650764","https://openalex.org/W1977761329","https://openalex.org/W1983754832","https://openalex.org/W1986684675","https://openalex.org/W1988564036","https://openalex.org/W1999034022","https://openalex.org/W2011927695","https://openalex.org/W2021632992","https://openalex.org/W2027039192","https://openalex.org/W2038094516","https://openalex.org/W2041040328","https://openalex.org/W2043460853","https://openalex.org/W2049355215","https://openalex.org/W2052017014","https://openalex.org/W2054164832","https://openalex.org/W2071054182","https://openalex.org/W2076986757","https://openalex.org/W2078957915","https://openalex.org/W2080289362","https://openalex.org/W2081653606","https://openalex.org/W2081820575","https://openalex.org/W2083803409","https://openalex.org/W2085099489","https://openalex.org/W2094041617","https://openalex.org/W2099266276","https://openalex.org/W2102526590","https://openalex.org/W2108718991","https://openalex.org/W2110147288","https://openalex.org/W2117457769","https://openalex.org/W2121108942","https://openalex.org/W2130594874","https://openalex.org/W2133856765","https://openalex.org/W2135717147","https://openalex.org/W2135959117","https://openalex.org/W2137104765","https://openalex.org/W2138492548","https://openalex.org/W2138818997","https://openalex.org/W2141368172","https://openalex.org/W2142613038","https://openalex.org/W2143154387","https://openalex.org/W2144974013","https://openalex.org/W2145356341","https://openalex.org/W2149696605","https://openalex.org/W2149711482","https://openalex.org/W2156890871","https://openalex.org/W2159447128","https://openalex.org/W2165257283","https://openalex.org/W2177687538","https://openalex.org/W2287745926","https://openalex.org/W2302497041","https://openalex.org/W2310510539","https://openalex.org/W2381299150","https://openalex.org/W2398390426","https://openalex.org/W2461637653","https://openalex.org/W2507523231","https://openalex.org/W2511494454","https://openalex.org/W2514686933","https://openalex.org/W2522105518","https://openalex.org/W2525178139","https://openalex.org/W2529692498","https://openalex.org/W2530003151","https://openalex.org/W2535078809","https://openalex.org/W2570860549","https://openalex.org/W2578482213","https://openalex.org/W2580031513","https://openalex.org/W2586959160","https://openalex.org/W2606090536","https://openalex.org/W2609398719","https://openalex.org/W2622733533","https://openalex.org/W2624518873","https://openalex.org/W2758068762","https://openalex.org/W2765422662","https://openalex.org/W2781633877","https://openalex.org/W2792021903","https://openalex.org/W2886290720","https://openalex.org/W2889698091","https://openalex.org/W2950037040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999058353","https://openalex.org/W4200450679","https://openalex.org/W4384652036","https://openalex.org/W2994061896","https://openalex.org/W2889698091","https://openalex.org/W7135255341","https://openalex.org/W3003543676","https://openalex.org/W4318539813","https://openalex.org/W2150709963","https://openalex.org/W2140454850"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"infection":[0,52],"(CDI)":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,30,71,121,140],"spore-forming":[4],"anaerobic":[5],"bacterium":[6],"and":[7,113,137],"leading":[8],"cause":[9],"of":[10,18,38,45,56,74,88,134],"antibiotic-associated":[11,75],"colitis.":[12,91],"Epidemiological":[13],"data":[14,69,93],"suggest":[15],"that":[16,48,78],"use":[17,37,102],"nonsteroidal":[19],"anti-inflammatory":[20],"drugs":[21],"(NSAIDs)":[22],"increases":[23,53,85],"the":[24,35,54,86,89,110,132,144],"risk":[25],"for":[26],"CDI":[27,46,76,84],"in":[28,42],"humans,":[29],"potentially":[31],"important":[32],"observation":[33],"given":[34],"widespread":[36],"NSAIDs.":[39],"Prior":[40],"studies":[41,127],"rodent":[43],"models":[44],"found":[47],"NSAID":[49,80,101,123],"exposure":[50,81],"following":[51],"severity":[55,87],"CDI,":[57,105],"but":[58],"mechanisms":[59,99],"to":[60,83,103,109,120,130,138,143],"explain":[61],"this":[62],"are":[63,128],"lacking.":[64],"Here":[65],"we":[66],"present":[67],"new":[68,95],"from":[70],"mouse":[72],"model":[73],"suggesting":[77],"brief":[79],"prior":[82],"infectious":[90],"These":[92],"shed":[94],"light":[96],"on":[97],"potential":[98],"linking":[100],"worsened":[104],"including":[106],"drug-induced":[107],"disturbances":[108],"gut":[111],"microbiome":[112],"colonic":[114],"epithelial":[115],"integrity.":[116],"Studies":[117],"were":[118],"limited":[119],"single":[122],"(indomethacin),":[124],"so":[125],"future":[126],"needed":[129],"assess":[131],"generalizability":[133],"our":[135],"findings":[136],"establish":[139],"direct":[141],"link":[142],"human":[145],"condition.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2018-08-22T00:00:00"}