{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2886623402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","title":"Comparison of Iron (III) Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (iRAC) and ABTS Radical Quenching Assays for Estimating Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate","display_name":"Comparison of Iron (III) Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (iRAC) and ABTS Radical Quenching Assays for Estimating Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2886623402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","mag":"2886623402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/beverages4030058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/4/3/58/pdf?version=1533635291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199974","display_name":"Beverages","issn_l":"2306-5710","issn":["2306-5710"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Beverages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/4/3/58/pdf?version=1533635291","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004441117","display_name":"Hau Ching Wan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hau Ching Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088759564","display_name":"Richard Owusu-Apenten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1168-9248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1168-9248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137265193","display_name":"University of Chester","ror":"https://ror.org/01drpwb22","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137265193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61623833","display_name":"University of Agriculture Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/054d77k59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61623833"]}],"countries":["GB","PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Owusu-Apenten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences , University of Chester , Parkgate Road , Chester , CH1 4BJ , UK;","School of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Life and Health Sciences , University of Ulster , Cromore Road , Coleraine , BT52 1SA , UK","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Agriculture University Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition , Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences , University of Chester , Parkgate Road , Chester , CH1 4BJ , UK;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Life and Health Sciences , University of Ulster , Cromore Road , Coleraine , BT52 1SA , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Agriculture University Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61623833"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020379199","display_name":"Poonam Singh Nee Nigam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-5382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8505-5382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Poonam Singh Nigam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020503074","display_name":"Bushra Sultana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137265193","display_name":"University of Chester","ror":"https://ror.org/01drpwb22","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137265193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61623833","display_name":"University of Agriculture Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/054d77k59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61623833"]}],"countries":["GB","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bushra Sultana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Agriculture , Agriculture University Road , Faisalabad , Zip Coad 38000 , Pakistan","Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK","School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Agriculture , Agriculture University Road , Faisalabad , Zip Coad 38000 , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I61623833"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester CH1 4BJ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088759564"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137265193","https://openalex.org/I138801177","https://openalex.org/I61623833"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"fwci":5.4214,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9654914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"58","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12638","display_name":"Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12638","display_name":"Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10035","display_name":"Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food Nutrient Composition and Product Development","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pomegranate-juice","display_name":"pomegranate juice","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-capacity","display_name":"antioxidant capacity","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/folin-ciocalteu-method","display_name":"Folin-Ciocalteu assay","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trolox-equivalent-antioxidant-capacity","display_name":"Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-composition-data","display_name":"food composition data","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-foods","display_name":"functional foods","score":0.9070000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781031786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287582","display_name":"ABTS","level":4,"score":0.9366405010223389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.8412498235702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776231299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245489","display_name":"Trolox","level":4,"score":0.7952186465263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781150145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7845304","display_name":"Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity","level":4,"score":0.7679750919342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993539680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902552","display_name":"Antioxidant capacity","level":3,"score":0.7579728364944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.716471254825592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.6521470546722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.25778186321258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781401929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5205953","display_name":"DPPH","level":3,"score":0.1668281853199005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/beverages4030058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/4/3/58/pdf?version=1533635291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199974","display_name":"Beverages","issn_l":"2306-5710","issn":["2306-5710"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Beverages","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0210.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0210.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0210.v1","pdf_url":"https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201805.0210/v1/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/793c180a-6db0-4845-8d16-a6d97313868c","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/en/publications/793c180a-6db0-4845-8d16-a6d97313868c","pdf_url":"https://pure.ulster.ac.uk/ws/files/12579204/Final_version_12579082_.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402454","display_name":"Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","host_organization_name":"University of Ulster","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wan, H C, Sultana, B, Singh - Nee Nigam, P & Owusu, R K 2018, 'Comparison of Iron (III) Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (iRAC) and ABTS Radical Quenching Assays for Estimating Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate', Beverages, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:chesterrep.openrepository.com:10034/621353","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10034/621353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196415","display_name":"ChesterRep (University of Chester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I137265193","host_organization_name":"University of Chester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137265193"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d0314b1c88ec4cab9591e8989e77d424","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d0314b1c88ec4cab9591e8989e77d424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Beverages, Vol 4, Iss 3, p 58 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/beverages4030058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages4030058","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/4/3/58/pdf?version=1533635291","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199974","display_name":"Beverages","issn_l":"2306-5710","issn":["2306-5710"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Beverages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5666999816894531,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2886623402.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2886623402.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559903407","https://openalex.org/W1974478653","https://openalex.org/W1994067727","https://openalex.org/W1996452779","https://openalex.org/W1997362257","https://openalex.org/W2018073172","https://openalex.org/W2020149375","https://openalex.org/W2022300670","https://openalex.org/W2029175371","https://openalex.org/W2035965920","https://openalex.org/W2040109920","https://openalex.org/W2048060605","https://openalex.org/W2094819420","https://openalex.org/W2097364189","https://openalex.org/W2110136076","https://openalex.org/W2118029826","https://openalex.org/W2125439795","https://openalex.org/W2139985933","https://openalex.org/W2141462478","https://openalex.org/W2142213658","https://openalex.org/W2159576779","https://openalex.org/W2165292984","https://openalex.org/W2328359549","https://openalex.org/W2530368344","https://openalex.org/W2533820090","https://openalex.org/W2554584598","https://openalex.org/W2582705148","https://openalex.org/W2759257867","https://openalex.org/W2767470999","https://openalex.org/W2776279463","https://openalex.org/W2808264533","https://openalex.org/W6884309947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2048060605","https://openalex.org/W2141462478","https://openalex.org/W2051671612","https://openalex.org/W2120813430","https://openalex.org/W2406810922","https://openalex.org/W2412098377","https://openalex.org/W81468002","https://openalex.org/W1971002665","https://openalex.org/W2794056409","https://openalex.org/W2151350103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pomegranate":[0],"juice":[1],"(PJ)":[2],"has":[3,157],"total":[4,62],"antioxidant":[5,40,103],"capacity":[6,41,104],"(TAC)":[7],"which":[8],"is":[9,185],"reportedly":[10],"higher":[11,148],"compared":[12,150],"to":[13,21,44,80,172,189],"other":[14,181,197],"common":[15],"beverages.":[16],"This":[17],"short":[18],"study":[19,184],"aimed":[20],"evaluate":[22],"the":[23,70,112,121,163,173],"TAC":[24,96,127,149,159],"of":[25,33,87,175],"commercial":[26],"PJ":[27,98],"and":[28,43,56,82,93,115,140,165,180,196],"pomegranate":[29,145,156,195],"fruit":[30],"in":[31,85],"terms":[32,86],"a":[34],"newly":[35],"described":[36],"iron":[37],"(III)":[38],"reducing":[39],"(iRAC)":[42],"compare":[45],"with":[46,111,151],"ABTS":[47,81,122,141,166],"free":[48],"radical":[49],"quenching":[50],"activity.":[51],"Commercial":[52],"PJ,":[53],"freeze-dried":[54],"pomegranate,":[55],"oven":[57],"dried-pomegranate":[58],"were":[59,78],"analyzed.":[60],"The":[61,73,95,183],"phenols":[63],"content":[64],"(TPC)":[65],"was":[66,106,128],"also":[67],"assessed":[68],"by":[69,162],"Folin-Ciocalteu":[71,83],"method.":[72,123],"calibration":[74],"results":[75],"for":[76,97,187,194],"iRAC":[77,113,139,164],"comparable":[79],"methods":[84],"linearity":[88],"(R2":[89],">":[90],"0.99),":[91],"sensitivity":[92],"precision.":[94],"expressed":[99],"as":[100,160],"trolox":[101],"equivalent":[102],"(TEAC)":[105],"33.4":[107],"\u00b1":[108,117,134],"0.5":[109],"mM":[110,119],"method":[114],"36.3":[116],"2.1":[118],"using":[120,138],"For":[124],"dried":[125],"pomegranates,":[126],"89\u2013110":[129],"mmol/100":[130,136],"g":[131,137],"or":[132],"76.0":[133],"4.3":[135],"methods,":[142,167],"respectively.":[143],"Freeze-dried":[144],"had":[146],"15%":[147],"oven-dried":[152],"pomegranate.":[153],"In":[154],"conclusion,":[155],"high":[158],"evaluated":[161],"though":[168],"variations":[169],"occur":[170],"due":[171],"type":[174],"cultivar,":[176],"geographic":[177],"origin,":[178],"processing":[179],"factors.":[182],"relevant":[186],"attempts":[188],"refine":[190],"food":[191],"composition":[192],"data":[193],"functional":[198],"foods.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2018-08-22T00:00:00"}
