{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2885955366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","title":"Influence of cellulose acetate polymer proportion on the fabrication of polyvinylchloride reverse osmosis blend membrane, experimental design","display_name":"Influence of cellulose acetate polymer proportion on the fabrication of polyvinylchloride reverse osmosis blend membrane, experimental design","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2885955366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","mag":"2885955366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124203677","display_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","issn_l":"1944-3986","issn":["1944-3986","1944-3994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034928278","display_name":"Heba Abdallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-7374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4766-7374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Heba Abdallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019847173","display_name":"Ayman El\u2010Gendi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9665-5735","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9665-5735"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman El Gendi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002342307","display_name":"Marwa Shalaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-5276","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-5276"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwa S. Shalaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086089208","display_name":"Ashraf M. Amin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6428-6111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6428-6111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Amin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Eng. Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091813874","display_name":"Mahmoud El- Bayoumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-2658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1193-2658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud El- Bayoumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101609020","display_name":"Ahmed M. H. Shaban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6242-0587","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6242-0587"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.M. Shaban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre,33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt, PO box 12622"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre,33 El-Bohouth St. (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt, PO box 12622","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034928278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1000},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1000},"fwci":0.4429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61591389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"116","issue":null,"first_page":"29","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12074","display_name":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11362","display_name":"Membrane Separation and Gas Transport","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyvinyl-chloride","display_name":"polyvinyl chloride","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulose-acetate","display_name":"cellulose acetate","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-blend-membranes","display_name":"polymer blend membranes","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-osmosis-membranes","display_name":"reverse osmosis membranes","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desalination","display_name":"desalination","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-rejection","display_name":"salt rejection","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-permeate-flux","display_name":"water permeate flux","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-fabrication","display_name":"membrane fabrication","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorial-design","display_name":"factorial design","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-properties","display_name":"tensile properties","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130797344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272175","display_name":"Reverse osmosis","level":3,"score":0.816665530204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777118752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124686","display_name":"Cellulose acetate","level":3,"score":0.7866625189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7435975670814514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.7195616364479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80294","display_name":"Cellulose","level":2,"score":0.5349586606025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5120607018470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.5104936361312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4527386426925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.39027565717697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.36627137660980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.18855983018875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09946975111961365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.045212000608444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.04286450147628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124203677","display_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","issn_l":"1944-3986","issn":["1944-3986","1944-3994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22306","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124203677","display_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","issn_l":"1944-3986","issn":["1944-3986","1944-3994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Desalination and Water Treatment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2885955366.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2885955366.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491598137","https://openalex.org/W1567245718","https://openalex.org/W1853125833","https://openalex.org/W1990696893","https://openalex.org/W1994456138","https://openalex.org/W2005921007","https://openalex.org/W2005988413","https://openalex.org/W2011410888","https://openalex.org/W2022856240","https://openalex.org/W2024623216","https://openalex.org/W2030063963","https://openalex.org/W2043042506","https://openalex.org/W2047992936","https://openalex.org/W2048661822","https://openalex.org/W2050889372","https://openalex.org/W2052583889","https://openalex.org/W2091048847","https://openalex.org/W2096775958","https://openalex.org/W2098518300","https://openalex.org/W2109511448","https://openalex.org/W2144973595","https://openalex.org/W2145084529","https://openalex.org/W2167466035","https://openalex.org/W2180330549","https://openalex.org/W2462973328","https://openalex.org/W2530248120","https://openalex.org/W2551806572","https://openalex.org/W2552709459","https://openalex.org/W2604488382","https://openalex.org/W2617093828","https://openalex.org/W3147753695","https://openalex.org/W4246892274","https://openalex.org/W4298415029","https://openalex.org/W6829206173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2617093828","https://openalex.org/W2802438632","https://openalex.org/W4308160424","https://openalex.org/W2091813399","https://openalex.org/W1990353638","https://openalex.org/W2043042506","https://openalex.org/W3182857951","https://openalex.org/W3086927702","https://openalex.org/W4415224036","https://openalex.org/W2736089623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1,103,126],"current":[2],"research":[3],"aims":[4],"as":[5,12],"introducing":[6],"polyvinylchloride":[7],"(PVC)":[8],"favorable":[9],"properties":[10],"such":[11],"strength,":[13],"durability,":[14],"and":[15,36,65,100,122,137,151,161],"low":[16],"cost":[17],"to":[18,118],"RO":[19],"membranes":[20,30,42,88,108],"through":[21],"blending":[22],"it":[23],"with":[24,134,155],"cellulose":[25],"acetate":[26],"(CA).":[27],"Hence,":[28],"blend":[29],"of":[31,69,105,143,148,158],"PVC/CA":[32,87,107,131],"have":[33],"been":[34,80,110],"prepared":[35,106],"developed":[37],"for":[38],"water":[39,123],"desalination.":[40],"Large-scale":[41],"(110":[43],"cm":[44,48],"long":[45],"\u00d7":[46],"65":[47],"wide)":[49],"were":[50,89],"fabricated":[51],"using":[52,82,91,112],"a":[53,71,113,130],"homemade":[54,114],"batch":[55],"casting":[56],"machine.":[57],"To":[58],"save":[59],"chemicals":[60],"cost,":[61],"reduce":[62,66],"experimental":[63],"errors":[64],"the":[67],"number":[68],"experiments,":[70],"factorial":[72],"design":[73,84],"employing":[74],"response":[75],"surface":[76],"methodology":[77],"(FDRSM)":[78],"has":[79,109],"established":[81,128],"experiment":[83],"software.":[85],"Produced":[86],"characterized":[90],"Scanning":[92],"electron":[93],"microscopy":[94],"(SEM),":[95],"Thermo":[96],"gravimetric":[97],"analysis":[98],"(TGA)":[99],"tensile":[101],"testing.":[102],"performance":[104],"examined":[111],"lab-scale":[115],"desalination-testing":[116],"unit":[117],"study":[119],"salt":[120,146,156],"rejection":[121,147],"permeate":[124],"flux.":[125],"results":[127],"that":[129],"blended":[132],"membrane":[133],"14%":[135],"PVC":[136],"2%":[138],"CA,":[139],"at":[140],"30":[141],"bars":[142],"pressure,":[144],"achieves":[145],"99%,":[149],"99.2%":[150],"99.6%":[152],"from":[153],"feeds":[154],"concentrations":[157],"45000,":[159],"18000":[160],"5000":[162],"ppm":[163],"respectively.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2018-08-22T00:00:00"}