{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2885639334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","title":"Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control and Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Injury with Pyrasulfotole plus Bromoxynil and Tank Mixtures","display_name":"Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control and Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Injury with Pyrasulfotole plus Bromoxynil and Tank Mixtures","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2885639334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","mag":"2885639334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/cftm2015.0176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764971609","display_name":"Crop Forage & Turfgrass Management","issn_l":"2374-3832","issn":["2374-3832"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030797497","display_name":"Rex E. Brandon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rex E. Brandon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crop Production Services, 5840 Hwy 87 W., Dumas, TX, 79029"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crop Production Services, 5840 Hwy 87 W., Dumas, TX, 79029","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023285038","display_name":"Qingwu Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6470-3245","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6470-3245"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingwu Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Amarillo Amarillo TX 79106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Amarillo Amarillo TX 79106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109137301","display_name":"Brent W. Bean","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent W. Bean","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Sorghum Checkoff, 4201 N. Interstate 27, Lubbock, TX, 79403"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Sorghum Checkoff, 4201 N. Interstate 27, Lubbock, TX, 79403","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062286618","display_name":"Brock C. Blaser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9213-3991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9213-3991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188674872","display_name":"West Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnp7x40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188674872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brock C. Blaser","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Texas A&M University Canyon TX 79015"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Texas A&M University Canyon TX 79015","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188674872"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jourdan Bell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jourdan Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Amarillo Amarillo TX 79106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Amarillo Amarillo TX 79106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023285038"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amaranthus-palmeri","display_name":"Amaranthus palmeri","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-sorghum","display_name":"grain sorghum","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorghum","display_name":"sorghum","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bromoxynil","display_name":"bromoxynil","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrazine","display_name":"atrazine","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dicamba","display_name":"dicamba","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-d","display_name":"2,4-D","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tank-mixtures","display_name":"tank mixtures","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"post-emergence herbicides","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-damage","display_name":"crop damage","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-burn","display_name":"leaf burn","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-rate","display_name":"herbicide application rate","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorghum-yield","display_name":"sorghum yield","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421074","display_name":"Amaranth","level":2,"score":0.9564694166183472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776917638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408345","display_name":"Bromoxynil","level":3,"score":0.9523245096206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424684","display_name":"Dicamba","level":3,"score":0.8882390856742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779595939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408652","display_name":"Atrazine","level":3,"score":0.8027887344360352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4749160706996918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778157034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12111","display_name":"Sorghum","level":2,"score":0.4688956141471863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48508581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4675074","display_name":"Acre","level":2,"score":0.43899375200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.3939284086227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.3836801052093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3491380214691162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3387875258922577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3011767566204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.2664843797683716}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/cftm2015.0176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2015.0176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764971609","display_name":"Crop Forage & Turfgrass Management","issn_l":"2374-3832","issn":["2374-3832"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995624603","https://openalex.org/W2002062654","https://openalex.org/W2004661024","https://openalex.org/W2014953441","https://openalex.org/W2042515800","https://openalex.org/W2046996607","https://openalex.org/W2056350745","https://openalex.org/W2073663496","https://openalex.org/W2094525556","https://openalex.org/W2131862343","https://openalex.org/W2134754399","https://openalex.org/W2137611813","https://openalex.org/W2143672596","https://openalex.org/W2145574675","https://openalex.org/W2180233766","https://openalex.org/W2947454932","https://openalex.org/W3003820977","https://openalex.org/W3157078880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2508564061","https://openalex.org/W2046996607","https://openalex.org/W2145574675","https://openalex.org/W2042515800","https://openalex.org/W2013482567","https://openalex.org/W2106674300","https://openalex.org/W2888750490","https://openalex.org/W3077934231","https://openalex.org/W2256172197","https://openalex.org/W2511146146"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"studies":[1],"were":[2,34],"conducted":[3],"in":[4,233],"2009":[5],"and":[6,14,28,46,52,55,72,77,88,94,117,128],"2010":[7],"to":[8,35,210,225,235,244,260,267,290],"determine":[9,37],"control":[10,64,113,134,148,194],"of":[11,24,40,135,216,258,273],"Palmer":[12,58,69,111,136,199,212],"amaranth":[13,59,70,112,137,200],"crop":[15],"injury":[16,76,253],"resulting":[17],"from":[18,223,251],"a":[19],"postemergence":[20],"(POST)":[21],"premix":[22],"application":[23,66,272],"pyrasulfotole":[25,42,96,139,158,217,261,274],"+":[26,43,97,99,123,140,159,176,182,218,220,228,230,262,264,275,277,279],"bromoxynil":[27,44,98,122,141,160,177,219,229,263,276],"various":[29],"tank\u2010mix":[30,47],"partners.":[31],"The":[32],"objectives":[33],"(i)":[36],"the":[38,85,147,214,252,282],"effects":[39],"different":[41,68],"rates":[45],"partners":[48],"applied":[49,83,243],"at":[50,67,84,115,119,126,130,151,165,171,178,188,195,239,281],"early":[51],"mid\u2010POST":[53],"(EPOST":[54],"MPOST)":[56,120],"on":[57],"control;":[60],"(ii)":[61],"evaluate":[62],"weed":[63],"following":[65],"sizes;":[71],"(iii)":[73],"assess":[74],"sorghum":[75,269,286],"yield":[78],"as":[79],"affected":[80],"by":[81,138],"herbicides":[82],"4\u2010leaf,":[86],"10\u2010leaf,":[87],"boot":[89,283],"stages.":[90],"At":[91,132],"both":[92],"EPOST":[93,116,127],"MPOST,":[95],"atrazine":[100,124,164,187,221,231,265,278],"alone":[101,142],"or":[102,106,169],"mixed":[103],"with":[104,144,163],"2,4\u2010D":[105],"dicamba":[107,170,259,280],"consistently":[108],"provided":[109,192],"better":[110],"(>98%":[114],">90%":[118],"than":[121,180,203],"(94%":[125],"58%":[129],"MPOST).":[131],"EPOST,":[133],"varied":[143],"year,":[145],"but":[146,247],"was":[149,161,201],"100%":[150,193],"42":[152,196],"days":[153],"after":[154],"treatment":[155],"(DAT)":[156],"when":[157,198,242],"tank\u2010mixed":[162],"0.50":[166,189],"lb":[167,173,184,190],"a.i./acre":[168,185,191],"0.20":[172],"a.i./acre.":[174],"Pyrasulfotole":[175,227],"more":[179],"0.02":[181],"0.14":[183],"plus":[186],"DAT":[197,241],"less":[202],"9":[204],"inches":[205],"tall.":[206],"In":[207],"controlling":[208],"15\u2010":[209],"18\u2010inch\u2010tall":[211],"amaranth,":[213],"efficacy":[215],"ranged":[222],"83%":[224],"99%.":[226],"resulted":[232],"up":[234,289],"28%":[236],"leaf":[237],"burn":[238],"3":[240],"4\u2010leaf":[245],"sorghum,":[246],"plants":[248],"completely":[249],"recovered":[250],"within":[254],"28":[255],"DAT.":[256],"Addition":[257],"tended":[266],"reduce":[268],"injury.":[270],"However,":[271],"stage":[284],"reduced":[285],"grain":[287],"yields":[288],"37%.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2018-08-22T00:00:00"}