{"id":"https://openalex.org/W28846608","doi":null,"title":"From the programmer's apprentice to human-robot interaction: thirty years of research on human-computer collaboration","display_name":"From the programmer's apprentice to human-robot interaction: thirty years of research on human-computer collaboration","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-07-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W28846608","mag":"28846608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.402.1350","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.402.1350","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/2006/AAAI06-243.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001238648","display_name":"Charles Rich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-3333","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-3333"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253225","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00e2e3n51","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4405253225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Rich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, Ma"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-3333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, Ma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109401695","display_name":"Candace L. Sidner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253225","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00e2e3n51","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4405253225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Candace L. Sidner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, Ma"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Cambridge, Ma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00788068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1530","last_page":"1533"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.4000999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.4000999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.09929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.09009999781847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-collaboration","display_name":"human-computer collaboration","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-robot-interaction","display_name":"human-robot interaction","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-presence","display_name":"co-presence","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shared-intentionality","display_name":"shared intentionality","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-understanding","display_name":"natural language understanding","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation","display_name":"knowledge representation","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planning","display_name":"planning","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intent-recognition","display_name":"intent classification","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning","display_name":"learning","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-agents","display_name":"computational agents","score":0.37400001287460327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.8045082092285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107806365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253567","display_name":"Apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.7516579627990723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6387674808502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.5393341779708862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5237231850624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.52130526304245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138101251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213092","display_name":"Thread (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5079105496406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46331003308296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331083","display_name":"Human research","level":2,"score":0.4494938850402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4425141513347626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.40255266427993774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36851775646209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.2938392460346222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1826777160167694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13485187292099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.402.1350","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.402.1350","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/2006/AAAI06-243.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:28846608","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/aaai/aaai2006.html#RichS06","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306420577","display_name":"National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"National Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61101914","https://openalex.org/W94129030","https://openalex.org/W257503886","https://openalex.org/W332028463","https://openalex.org/W1493195384","https://openalex.org/W1494827375","https://openalex.org/W1508357244","https://openalex.org/W1523171189","https://openalex.org/W1552721381","https://openalex.org/W1557745144","https://openalex.org/W1565199019","https://openalex.org/W1587553644","https://openalex.org/W1757668483","https://openalex.org/W1841288378","https://openalex.org/W1852953511","https://openalex.org/W1961647136","https://openalex.org/W1975033347","https://openalex.org/W1981874287","https://openalex.org/W1984262409","https://openalex.org/W1988559011","https://openalex.org/W1991309358","https://openalex.org/W2017161937","https://openalex.org/W2018293679","https://openalex.org/W2021576668","https://openalex.org/W2033750216","https://openalex.org/W2039527009","https://openalex.org/W2052049451","https://openalex.org/W2068365609","https://openalex.org/W2072868498","https://openalex.org/W2076891662","https://openalex.org/W2082214255","https://openalex.org/W2082804919","https://openalex.org/W2086017174","https://openalex.org/W2096284813","https://openalex.org/W2107084678","https://openalex.org/W2108107017","https://openalex.org/W2112618815","https://openalex.org/W2126570934","https://openalex.org/W2140243734","https://openalex.org/W2142723198","https://openalex.org/W2146544759","https://openalex.org/W2152316548","https://openalex.org/W2159581299","https://openalex.org/W2164349427","https://openalex.org/W2164631889","https://openalex.org/W2167702024","https://openalex.org/W2169343294","https://openalex.org/W2409643730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096139186","https://openalex.org/W7095724043","https://openalex.org/W7098298363","https://openalex.org/W3147013919","https://openalex.org/W2169675040","https://openalex.org/W3016552256","https://openalex.org/W6885023825","https://openalex.org/W7100984818","https://openalex.org/W2950025725","https://openalex.org/W7096280150"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"summarize":[1],"the":[2,11,23,30,50,88,107,110,151,158,185,224,234,244,252,255,272,292,298],"continuous":[3],"thread":[4],"of":[5,22,33,52,91,109,113,150,187,193,217,226,274,279,294],"research":[6,19,65,173,219],"we":[7,82,166],"have":[8,83],"conducted":[9],"over":[10,35],"past":[12],"thirty":[13],"years":[14],"on":[15,74,87,120,130,174,233,264,287],"human-computer":[16,72,175],"collaboration.":[17,80],"This":[18],"reflects":[20],"many":[21],"themes":[24],"and":[25,42,45,49,55,105,191,209,228,254],"issues":[26],"in":[27,29,221,271,297],"operation":[28],"greater":[31],"field":[32],"AI":[34],"this":[36,182,288],"period,":[37],"such":[38,114],"as":[39,155,160],"knowledge":[40],"representation":[41],"reasoning,":[43],"planning":[44],"intent":[46],"recognition,":[47],"learning,":[48],"interplay":[51],"human":[53,152,256],"theory":[54],"computer":[56,127,146,253],"engineering.":[57],"Human-Computer":[58],"Collaboration":[59],"Figure":[60],"1":[61],"illustrates":[62],"our":[63,138,188,194,210,218],"overall":[64],"methodology,":[66],"which":[67],"has":[68,140],"been":[69,141],"to":[70,102,143,163,170,180,240],"model":[71],"collaboration":[73],"what":[75],"is":[76,99,269],"known":[77],"about":[78],"human-human":[79],"Furthermore":[81],"focused":[84],"almost":[85],"exclusively":[86],"special":[89],"case":[90],"two":[92,117,126],"copresent":[93],"collaborators,":[94,153],"i.e.,":[95],"where":[96],"each":[97],"collaborator":[98],"able":[100],"both":[101],"communicate":[103],"with":[104,198,223,291],"observe":[106],"actions":[108],"other.":[111],"Examples":[112],"collaborations":[115],"include":[116],"mechanics":[118],"working":[119,129],"a":[121,131,135,145,248],"car":[122],"engine":[123],"together":[124],"or":[125],"users":[128],"spreadsheet":[132],"together.":[133,283],"To":[134],"first":[136,285],"approximation,":[137],"approach":[139],"simply":[142],"substitute":[144],"agent":[147],"for":[148],"one":[149],"keeping":[154],"much":[156],"else":[157],"same":[159],"possible.":[161],"Due":[162],"space":[164],"limitations,":[165],"will":[167],"not":[168],"attempt":[169],"review":[171],"all":[172],"collaboration,":[176],"but":[177],"limit":[178],"ourselves":[179,208],"viewing":[181],"topic":[183,289],"through":[184],"lens":[186],"own":[189],"work":[190,263],"that":[192,201],"immediate":[195,211],"collaborators.":[196,212],"Consistent":[197],"this,":[199],"note":[200],"bibliography":[202],"below":[203],"contains":[204],"only":[205],"publications":[206],"by":[207],"Chronological":[213],"Summary":[214],"The":[215],"chronology":[216],"begins":[220],"1976":[222],"publication":[225],"Rich":[227],"Shrobe\u2019s":[229],"joint":[230],"M.S.":[231],"thesis":[232],"Programmer\u2019s":[235],"Apprentice":[236],"[1,3]:":[237],"\u201cAs":[238],"compared":[239],"automatic":[241],"programming":[242],"research,":[243],"programmer\u2019s":[245],"apprentice":[246],"emphasizes":[247],"cooperative":[249],"relationship":[250],"between":[251],"programmer...":[257],"\u201d":[258],"Shortly":[259],"thereafter,":[260],"Sidner":[261],"began":[262],"modeling":[265],"how":[266],"natural":[267],"language":[268],"used":[270],"context":[273],"pairs":[275],"(and":[276],"later":[277],"groups)":[278],"people":[280],"achieving":[281],"tasks":[282],"Her":[284],"paper":[286],"dealt":[290],"interpretation":[293],"discourse":[295],"purposes":[296],"Personal":[299],"Assistant":[300]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}