{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2884058630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","title":"Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: An Exploratory Study","display_name":"Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: An Exploratory Study","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2884058630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","mag":"2884058630","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30049251"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0886260518789903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45333638","display_name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","issn_l":"0886-2605","issn":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076159927","display_name":"Andr\u00e9s S\u00e1nchez-Prada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-1236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-1236"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41382782","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02jj93564","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41382782"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andr\u00e9s Sanchez-Prada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6242-1236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41382782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049445954","display_name":"Carmen Delgado \u00c1lvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-6317","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-6317"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41382782","display_name":"Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca","ror":"https://ror.org/02jj93564","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41382782"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen Delgado-Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-6317","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41382782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048808228","display_name":"Esperanza Bosch Fiol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-6847","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-6847"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esperanza Bosch-Fiol","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048587007","display_name":"Vict\u00f2ria Aurora Ferrer P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-4031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-4031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50441567","display_name":"Universitat de les Illes Balears","ror":"https://ror.org/03e10x626","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-4031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048587007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50441567"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85197619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"9-10","first_page":"4256","last_page":"4276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10380","display_name":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10380","display_name":"Intimate Partner and Family Violence","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.05249999836087227,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11548","display_name":"Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies","score":0.011300000362098217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intimate-partner-violence-against-women","display_name":"intimate partner violence against women","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-violence","display_name":"attitudes toward violence","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-attitudes","display_name":"implicit attitudes","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explicit-attitudes","display_name":"explicit attitudes","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-association-test","display_name":"Implicit Association Test","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-desirability-bias","display_name":"social desirability bias","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-attitudes","display_name":"public attitudes","score":0.42899999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779778163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774081","display_name":"Implicit-association test","level":2,"score":0.8199493885040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7432575225830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542059537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156537","display_name":"Domestic violence","level":4,"score":0.7270748019218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6189795136451721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6161926984786987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204421591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6007271","display_name":"Implicit attitude","level":2,"score":0.5838483572006226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5192827582359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778983918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188830","display_name":"Wife","level":2,"score":0.4795091450214386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.4446057677268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.43062710762023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.4048847258090973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3579246997833252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10272577404975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.07246571779251099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.0656690001487732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000066511","descriptor_name":"Intimate Partner Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000066511","descriptor_name":"Intimate Partner Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000066511","descriptor_name":"Intimate Partner Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001290","descriptor_name":"Attitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007398","descriptor_name":"Interpersonal Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012747","descriptor_name":"Sexual Partners","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012747","descriptor_name":"Sexual Partners","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012747","descriptor_name":"Sexual Partners","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014754","descriptor_name":"Violence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0886260518789903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518789903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45333638","display_name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","issn_l":"0886-2605","issn":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30049251","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30049251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of interpersonal violence","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13695055","https://openalex.org/W49173525","https://openalex.org/W424712379","https://openalex.org/W1272055969","https://openalex.org/W1596357498","https://openalex.org/W1615137750","https://openalex.org/W1750690426","https://openalex.org/W1971162403","https://openalex.org/W1971548801","https://openalex.org/W1974083637","https://openalex.org/W1983299827","https://openalex.org/W1998448861","https://openalex.org/W2008357060","https://openalex.org/W2013870397","https://openalex.org/W2016263967","https://openalex.org/W2016981279","https://openalex.org/W2022525441","https://openalex.org/W2022625505","https://openalex.org/W2025170763","https://openalex.org/W2031322412","https://openalex.org/W2043372167","https://openalex.org/W2054276661","https://openalex.org/W2054514718","https://openalex.org/W2062531605","https://openalex.org/W2063670229","https://openalex.org/W2071539281","https://openalex.org/W2071941008","https://openalex.org/W2075414463","https://openalex.org/W2076879021","https://openalex.org/W2099210937","https://openalex.org/W2102225743","https://openalex.org/W2107523035","https://openalex.org/W2107916110","https://openalex.org/W2110777095","https://openalex.org/W2111276187","https://openalex.org/W2112531051","https://openalex.org/W2124952808","https://openalex.org/W2135393669","https://openalex.org/W2136784875","https://openalex.org/W2141107009","https://openalex.org/W2150302313","https://openalex.org/W2153508533","https://openalex.org/W2160302606","https://openalex.org/W2162173963","https://openalex.org/W2162529943","https://openalex.org/W2165328155","https://openalex.org/W2168524464","https://openalex.org/W2237055109","https://openalex.org/W2283045464","https://openalex.org/W2335582991","https://openalex.org/W2438099348","https://openalex.org/W2470178561","https://openalex.org/W2539186647","https://openalex.org/W2734452583","https://openalex.org/W2782279843","https://openalex.org/W3022321621","https://openalex.org/W3124598427","https://openalex.org/W4231165370","https://openalex.org/W4249424894"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3106022958","https://openalex.org/W3083938092","https://openalex.org/W2112531051","https://openalex.org/W2767387787","https://openalex.org/W2062531605","https://openalex.org/W2787954791","https://openalex.org/W2887252007","https://openalex.org/W4408460755","https://openalex.org/W2160302606","https://openalex.org/W117678765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,48],"consistent":[2,154],"evidence":[3,121],"that":[4,184],"attitudes":[5,30,55,169,193],"are":[6,36,152],"important":[7],"in":[8,79],"understanding":[9],"how":[10],"people":[11],"react":[12],"and":[13,17,57,74,82,93,95,136,158,165],"behave":[14],"toward":[15,59,170,194],"victims":[16],"perpetrators":[18],"of":[19,45,53,68,88,98,122,168,192],"intimate":[20,60,171,195],"partner":[21,61,172,196],"violence":[22,62,173,197],"against":[23,63,174,198],"women.":[24,64,175],"Researchers":[25],"have":[26],"typically":[27],"measured":[28],"these":[29],"through":[31],"self-reports.":[32],"However,":[33],"explicit":[34,164],"measures":[35,52,167,191],"prone":[37],"to":[38,49,126,188],"socially":[39],"desirable":[40],"responding.":[41],"The":[42,150],"overall":[43],"objective":[44],"our":[46],"research":[47,157,201],"provide":[50,181],"multimethod":[51],"public":[54],"(explicit":[56],"implicit)":[58],"An":[65],"opportunity":[66],"sample":[67],"190":[69],"Psychology":[70],"undergraduates":[71],"(32":[72],"men":[73],"158":[75],"women)":[76],"took":[77],"part":[78],"this":[80,203],"study":[81,119],"completed":[83,106],"two":[84],"self-reports:":[85],"the":[86,96,112,123,128,137,142,186],"Inventory":[87,97],"Distorted":[89],"Thoughts":[90],"about":[91,100],"Women":[92],"Violence,":[94],"Beliefs":[99],"Wife":[101],"Beating.":[102],"In":[103],"addition,":[104],"they":[105],"a":[107,160],"personalized":[108],"Implicit":[109,115,131,143],"Association":[110,116,132,144],"Test,":[111],"Gender":[113,129],"Violence":[114,130],"Test.":[117],"This":[118],"provides":[120],"best":[124,138],"way":[125],"apply":[127],"Test":[133,145],"(with":[134],"feedback)":[135],"procedure":[139],"for":[140],"estimating":[141],"effect":[146],"(built-in":[147],"error":[148],"penalty).":[149],"findings":[151],"also":[153],"with":[155],"previous":[156],"exhibit":[159],"significant":[161],"disparity":[162],"between":[163],"implicit":[166,190],"These":[176],"findings,":[177],"although":[178],"still":[179],"preliminary,":[180],"interesting":[182],"information":[183],"affirms":[185],"need":[187],"incorporate":[189],"women":[199],"into":[200],"on":[202],"social":[204],"problem.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2018-08-03T00:00:00"}