{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883815312","doi":null,"title":"Residual Balancing Weights for Marginal Structural Models: with Application to Analyses of Time-varying Treatments and Causal Mediation","display_name":"Residual Balancing Weights for Marginal Structural Models: with Application to Analyses of Time-varying Treatments and Causal Mediation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883815312","mag":"2883815312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2883815312","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10869v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10869v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073139513","display_name":"Xiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-7360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-7360","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4331-7599","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2591-1126"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-7360","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024433937","display_name":"Geoffrey T. Wodtke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-6040","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-6040"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey T. Wodtke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-6040","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-structural-models","display_name":"marginal structural models","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-probability-weighting","display_name":"inverse probability weighting","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-varying-treatments","display_name":"time-varying treatments","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-mediation-analysis","display_name":"causal mediation analysis","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness-to-model-misspecification","display_name":"model misspecification robustness","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-exposure","display_name":"continuous exposure","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-advertising","display_name":"negative advertising","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/election-results","display_name":"election results","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-academic-achievement","display_name":"children's academic achievement","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-size","display_name":"class size","score":0.6840000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26831200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16963953","display_name":"Marginal structural model","level":3,"score":0.9527117013931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779915747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17058619","display_name":"Inverse probability weighting","level":3,"score":0.7918869256973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.7281180620193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6983637809753418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.6549203395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.6315017342567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.6115657091140747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.532193660736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.47620901465415955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4692765772342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43857407569885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.43706125020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89337504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4828276","display_name":"Average treatment effect","level":3,"score":0.43279483914375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24614281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086331","display_name":"Moderated mediation","level":2,"score":0.4244879484176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.331464946269989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17923572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250160","display_name":"Propensity score matching","level":2,"score":0.20702052116394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1156969964504242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1026395857334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08814585208892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2883815312","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10869v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2883815312","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10869v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197841719","https://openalex.org/W1200752817","https://openalex.org/W1584448881","https://openalex.org/W1996351770","https://openalex.org/W2082299845","https://openalex.org/W2105592956","https://openalex.org/W2110153289","https://openalex.org/W2118502261","https://openalex.org/W2132324013","https://openalex.org/W2142078851","https://openalex.org/W2142495742","https://openalex.org/W2154055907","https://openalex.org/W2553763938","https://openalex.org/W2585690194","https://openalex.org/W2597915662","https://openalex.org/W2761665523","https://openalex.org/W3122812581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3010593173","https://openalex.org/W2805307372","https://openalex.org/W4316463995","https://openalex.org/W2807872592","https://openalex.org/W2888385423","https://openalex.org/W2139111700","https://openalex.org/W4401195388","https://openalex.org/W4405301004","https://openalex.org/W2022628843","https://openalex.org/W7203713667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Treatment-induced":[0],"confounding":[1],"arises":[2],"in":[3,186],"analyses":[4],"of":[5,44,79,99,108,159,171],"time-varying":[6],"treatments":[7],"and":[8,19,51,67,115,137,146,165],"also":[9],"causal":[10],"mediation":[11],"where":[12],"post-treatment":[13],"variables":[14],"affect":[15],"both":[16,134],"the":[17,41,96,100,105,151,156,167,197],"mediator":[18,50],"outcome.":[20],"In":[21,89],"such":[22],"settings,":[23],"researchers":[24],"often":[25],"use":[26,70,121],"marginal":[27],"structural":[28],"models":[29,39],"(MSMs)":[30],"with":[31,71,122,144],"inverse":[32],"probability":[33],"weighting":[34],"(IPW).":[35],"However,":[36],"IPW":[37,59,145],"requires":[38,94],"for":[40,82,183,195],"conditional":[42,97,106],"distributions":[43,107],"exposure":[45,109,172],"to":[46,55,64,69,91,110,120,140,173],"treatment":[47,111],"and/or":[48,112],"a":[49,113,187],"is":[52,60,117,133,193],"highly":[53],"sensitive":[54],"their":[56],"misspecification.":[57],"Moreover,":[58],"relatively":[61],"inefficient,":[62],"susceptible":[63],"finite-sample":[65],"bias,":[66],"difficult":[68],"continuous":[72,123],"exposures.":[73,124],"We":[74,149],"introduce":[75],"an":[76,174],"alternative":[77],"method":[78,152],"constructing":[80],"weights":[81],"MSMs,":[83],"which":[84],"we":[85,128],"call":[86],"residual":[131],"balancing.":[88],"contrast":[90],"IPW,":[92],"it":[93,116],"modeling":[95],"means":[98],"treatment-induced":[101],"confounders":[102],"rather":[103],"than":[104],"mediator,":[114],"therefore":[118],"easier":[119],"Using":[125],"numeric":[126],"simulations,":[127],"show":[129],"that":[130],"balancing":[132],"more":[135,138],"efficient":[136],"robust":[139],"model":[141],"misspecification":[142],"compared":[143],"its":[147],"variants.":[148],"illustrate":[150],"by":[153],"estimating":[154],"(a)":[155],"cumulative":[157],"effect":[158,170],"negative":[160],"advertising":[161],"on":[162,177],"election":[163],"outcomes":[164],"(b)":[166],"controlled":[168],"direct":[169],"impoverished":[175],"neighborhood":[176],"child":[178],"academic":[179],"achievement":[180],"while":[181],"controlling":[182],"classroom":[184],"size":[185],"child's":[188],"school.":[189],"Open":[190],"source":[191],"software":[192],"available":[194],"implementing":[196],"proposed":[198],"method.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-08-03T00:00:00"}