{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883473458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","title":"Using a Simple, Inexpensive Undergraduate Isoelectric Focusing Experiment for Proteins and Nanomolecules To Help Students Understand Isoelectric Point and Its Real-World Applications","display_name":"Using a Simple, Inexpensive Undergraduate Isoelectric Focusing Experiment for Proteins and Nanomolecules To Help Students Understand Isoelectric Point and Its Real-World Applications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883473458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","mag":"2883473458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105208853","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","issn_l":"0021-9584","issn":["0021-9584","1938-1328"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101576466","display_name":"Ajit Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-2459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-2459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9293-2459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091115906","display_name":"Haley E. Kopkau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Kopkau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D. Swanson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Swanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101576466"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07525526,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"95","issue":"9","first_page":"1654","last_page":"1657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12327","display_name":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12327","display_name":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14411","display_name":"Undergraduate Neuroscience Education and Research","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoelectric-focusing","display_name":"isoelectric focusing","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoelectric-point","display_name":"isoelectric point","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pamam-dendrimers","display_name":"PAMAM dendrimers","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sds-page","display_name":"SDS-PAGE","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-experiment-design","display_name":"laboratory experiment design","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioanalytical-education","display_name":"bioanalytical education","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acid-composition","display_name":"amino acid composition","score":0.7480000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50476208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898861","display_name":"Isoelectric focusing","level":3,"score":0.9002636671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96294017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308708","display_name":"Isoelectric point","level":3,"score":0.8871994018554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137535248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914691","display_name":"Bioanalysis","level":2,"score":0.7574400901794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.5538045763969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53009064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167","display_name":"Pi","level":2,"score":0.4775065779685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43850481510162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.435632586479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.21526598930358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.8b00184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105208853","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","issn_l":"0021-9584","issn":["0021-9584","1938-1328"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W626649172","https://openalex.org/W1520735777","https://openalex.org/W1534302517","https://openalex.org/W1992239351","https://openalex.org/W1993626683","https://openalex.org/W1998880211","https://openalex.org/W2012453393","https://openalex.org/W2014302317","https://openalex.org/W2041204756","https://openalex.org/W2072952339","https://openalex.org/W2073439757","https://openalex.org/W4241106058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2205493326","https://openalex.org/W4230704184","https://openalex.org/W2048096291","https://openalex.org/W2079103530","https://openalex.org/W952953540","https://openalex.org/W2211361079","https://openalex.org/W1999642051","https://openalex.org/W2000658379","https://openalex.org/W2197782846","https://openalex.org/W1986252429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"laboratory":[1],"experiment":[2,114],"was":[3],"designed":[4],"for":[5,148],"upper-level":[6],"undergraduate":[7],"students":[8,123,166],"in":[9,47,178],"a":[10,64,68,100],"bioanalytical":[11,122],"course":[12],"to":[13,59],"demonstrate":[14],"the":[15,22,38,61,95,110,125,140,159,168,179],"concept":[16,170],"of":[17,27,63,94,109,142,150,158,171],"isoelectric":[18,28,172],"point":[19,173],"(pI)":[20],"and":[21,24,33,50,71,78,107,135,156,174],"theoretical":[23],"practical":[25],"applications":[26,177],"focusing":[29],"(IEF).":[30],"This":[31,113],"simple":[32],"inexpensive":[34],"IEF":[35,81,163],"procedure":[36],"requires":[37],"same":[39],"minigel":[40],"SDS-PAGE":[41],"equipment":[42],"that":[43,139],"is":[44,97],"already":[45],"available":[46],"most":[48],"biochemistry":[49],"biology":[51],"laboratories.":[52],"Students":[53],"first":[54],"use":[55,141],"published":[56],"mathematical":[57],"formulas":[58],"predict":[60],"pI":[62,75,88,93,151,160],"nanomolecule":[65,96],"known":[66],"as":[67,90],"polyamidoamine":[69],"dendrimer":[70],"subsequently":[72],"determine":[73],"its":[74,176],"by":[76,119],"preparing":[77],"running":[79],"an":[80,162],"gel":[82,164],"using":[83],"common":[84],"proteins":[85],"with":[86],"well-established":[87],"values":[89],"standards.":[91,112],"The":[92],"determined":[98],"from":[99,130,152,161],"calibration":[101],"plot":[102],"generated":[103],"between":[104],"migration":[105],"distances":[106],"pIs":[108],"protein":[111,145],"has":[115],"been":[116],"successfully":[117],"performed":[118],"over":[120,124],"50":[121],"past":[126],"five":[127],"years.":[128],"Evidence":[129],"in-lab":[131],"problems,":[132],"lab":[133],"reports,":[134],"postlab":[136],"quizzes":[137],"shows":[138],"medical":[143],"examples,":[144],"computer":[146],"databases":[147],"determination":[149,157],"amino":[153],"acid":[154],"composition,":[155],"help":[165],"understand":[167],"difficult":[169],"appreciate":[175],"real":[180],"world.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2018-08-03T00:00:00"}