{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883201627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","title":"Organic Aerosol Characterization and Source Identification in Karachi, Pakistan","display_name":"Organic Aerosol Characterization and Source Identification in Karachi, Pakistan","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883201627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","mag":"2883201627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","pdf_url":"https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-17-12-oa-0579.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103097414","display_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","issn_l":"1680-8584","issn":["1680-8584","2071-1409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322187","host_organization_name":"Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322187"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-17-12-oa-0579.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003051809","display_name":"Zehra Y. Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehra Y. Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062410926","display_name":"Josh Kettler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Kettler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057628474","display_name":"Haider Abbas Khwaja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-8447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-8447"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298060332","display_name":"New York State Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298060332"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1339417872","display_name":"Wadsworth Center","ror":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298060332","https://openalex.org/I1339417872"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haider A. Khwaja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA","Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298060332","https://openalex.org/I1339417872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110458404","display_name":"Iftikhar Imam Naqvi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193670377","display_name":"University of Karachi","ror":"https://ror.org/05bbbc791","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193670377"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iftikhar I. Naqvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry Department, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry Department, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193670377"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037686932","display_name":"Abdul Majeed Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9813"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193670377","display_name":"University of Karachi","ror":"https://ror.org/05bbbc791","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193670377"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["H. E. J. Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"H. E. J. Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193670377"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008826355","display_name":"Elizabeth A. Stone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-141X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-141X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth A. Stone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"apc_paid":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"fwci":0.9726,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72087042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"10","first_page":"2550","last_page":"2564"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10122","display_name":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-aerosol","display_name":"organic aerosol","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pm2-5","display_name":"PM2.5","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-apportionment","display_name":"source apportionment","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-burning","display_name":"biomass burning","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fossil-fuel-combustion","display_name":"fossil fuel combustion","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levoglucosan","display_name":"levoglucosan","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organosulfates","display_name":"organosulfates","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfonates","display_name":"sulfonates","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons","display_name":"polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hopanes","display_name":"hopanes","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steranes","display_name":"steranes","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkyl-sulfates","display_name":"alkyl sulfates","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-emissions","display_name":"anthropogenic emissions","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-air-pollution","display_name":"urban air pollution","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karachi","display_name":"Karachi","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-variation","display_name":"diurnal variation","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects-on-emissions","display_name":"temperature effects on emissions","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780059578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535767","display_name":"Levoglucosan","level":4,"score":0.9318798780441284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24245907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498957","display_name":"Particulates","level":2,"score":0.7269218564033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167195282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108573225","display_name":"Hopanoids","level":4,"score":0.695921003818512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.6684094667434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.6345041394233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162356407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180809","display_name":"Mass spectrometry","level":2,"score":0.48802509903907776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019268976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18537","display_name":"Biomass burning","level":3,"score":0.4780707359313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4770231246948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4536047875881195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123460561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677065","display_name":"Gas chromatography","level":2,"score":0.44492533802986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775925408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13174856","display_name":"Soot","level":3,"score":0.4372588098049164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126857682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q589446","display_name":"Mass concentration (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4334265887737274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.42187464237213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.2285689115524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11690720915794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126559015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988844","display_name":"Source rock","level":3,"score":0.08593758940696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.07030072808265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","pdf_url":"https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-17-12-oa-0579.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103097414","display_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","issn_l":"1680-8584","issn":["1680-8584","2071-1409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322187","host_organization_name":"Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322187"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.12.0579","pdf_url":"https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-17-12-oa-0579.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103097414","display_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","issn_l":"1680-8584","issn":["1680-8584","2071-1409"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322187","host_organization_name":"Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322187"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.685699999332428},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1640215766","display_name":"Source Apportionment of Anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol","funder_award_id":"1405014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308035","display_name":"New York State Department of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308072","display_name":"New York State Department of Health - Wadsworth Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883201627.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883201627.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185214452","https://openalex.org/W1531237901","https://openalex.org/W1965451208","https://openalex.org/W1974682357","https://openalex.org/W1982929921","https://openalex.org/W1991730994","https://openalex.org/W2002514045","https://openalex.org/W2005959500","https://openalex.org/W2009837182","https://openalex.org/W2010832194","https://openalex.org/W2015590132","https://openalex.org/W2016523606","https://openalex.org/W2021011867","https://openalex.org/W2021277019","https://openalex.org/W2021293920","https://openalex.org/W2029952064","https://openalex.org/W2036289626","https://openalex.org/W2041436395","https://openalex.org/W2044931205","https://openalex.org/W2045747043","https://openalex.org/W2059398287","https://openalex.org/W2059807217","https://openalex.org/W2060918858","https://openalex.org/W2081634757","https://openalex.org/W2086579338","https://openalex.org/W2088243232","https://openalex.org/W2101611993","https://openalex.org/W2129447215","https://openalex.org/W2153850406","https://openalex.org/W2165684768","https://openalex.org/W2220060520","https://openalex.org/W2330477222","https://openalex.org/W2512257117","https://openalex.org/W2560566533","https://openalex.org/W2622052922","https://openalex.org/W2762725037"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316036164","https://openalex.org/W2220060520","https://openalex.org/W2015590132","https://openalex.org/W2044931205","https://openalex.org/W2169288626","https://openalex.org/W4403244527","https://openalex.org/W7140031487","https://openalex.org/W2166721030","https://openalex.org/W2418737275","https://openalex.org/W7209572233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"its":[1],"rapidly":[2],"growing":[3],"population":[4],"and":[5,48,55,69,152,180,188,196,205,220,232,252,269,284],"large":[6],"industrial":[7],"base,":[8],"the":[9,96,109,143,153,189,238,249,255,266,270],"megacity":[10],"of":[11,21,88,112,125,146,169,191,240,254,258],"Karachi,":[12],"Pakistan,":[13],"has":[14,262],"been":[15,263],"subjected":[16],"to":[17,40,81],"an":[18],"increasing":[19],"amount":[20],"ambient":[22],"particulate":[23,27],"matter":[24,28],"(PM).":[25],"Fine":[26],"(PM2.5)":[29],"in":[30,260],"Karachi":[31,261],"was":[32,140],"collected":[33],"every":[34],"24":[35],"hours":[36],"from":[37,79,185,225,282],"January":[38,41],"8":[39],"29,":[42],"2006.":[43],"The":[44,74],"samples":[45],"were":[46,198],"extracted":[47],"analyzed":[49],"by":[50],"gas":[51],"chromatography-mass":[52],"spectrometry":[53],"(GC-MS)":[54],"ultra-performance":[56],"liquid":[57],"chromatography":[58],"(UPLC)":[59],"coupled":[60],"with":[61,85,217],"a":[62,86,121,148,166,208,241,273],"triple":[63],"quadrupole":[64],"mass":[65,72],"spectrometric":[66],"detector":[67],"(TQD)":[68],"time-of-flight":[70],"(TOF)":[71],"spectrometer.":[73],"daily":[75,144,155],"PM2.5":[76,102,113,134,259],"levels":[77],"ranged":[78],"99.5":[80],"251.1":[82],"\u00b5g":[83,90,104],"m\u20133":[84],"mean":[87],"177.4":[89],"m\u20133,":[91],"averaging":[92],"4\u201310-fold":[93],"higher":[94],"than":[95],"WHO":[97],"guideline":[98],"for":[99,265],"24-hour":[100],"averaged":[101],"(25":[103],"m\u20133).":[105],"We":[106],"found":[107,141],"that":[108,128,175],"day-of-the-week":[110],"variations":[111],"demonstrate":[114],"Sundays":[115],"have":[116],"significantly":[117],"lower":[118],"concentrations":[119,145],"(with":[120],"t-based":[122],"confidence":[123],"level":[124],"95%),":[126],"indicating":[127],"weekly":[129],"behavioral":[130],"patterns":[131],"affect":[132],"local":[133],"concentrations.":[135],"A":[136],"significant":[137,201],"negative":[138],"correlation":[139],"between":[142,203],"levoglucosan,":[147],"biomass":[149,170,233,283],"burning":[150,171],"tracer,":[151],"average":[154],"temperatures":[156],"(r":[157],"=":[158,161],"\u20130.589,":[159],"p":[160],"0.004),":[162],"implicating":[163],"heating":[164],"as":[165,229],"major":[167],"source":[168,210],"emissions.":[172],"Results":[173],"indicate":[174,207,272],"polyaromatic":[176],"hydrocarbons,":[177],"hopanes,":[178,218],"steranes,":[179,219],"alkanes":[181],"are":[182],"mainly":[183],"emitted":[184],"fossil":[186,230,285],"fuels":[187,231],"combustion":[190,278],"carbonaceous":[192],"materials.":[193],"Organosulfates":[194],"(OSs)":[195],"sulfonates":[197,206],"also":[199],"quantified;":[200],"correlations":[202,216],"OSs":[204],"common":[209],"and/or":[211],"similar":[212],"formation":[213],"mechanisms,":[214],"while":[215],"levoglucosan":[221],"suggest":[222],"their":[223],"emission":[224],"primary":[226],"sources":[227],"such":[228],"burning.":[234,287],"Qualitative":[235],"analysis":[236],"suggests":[237],"presence":[239],"C6\u2013C9":[242],"alkyl":[243],"sulfate":[244],"series.":[245],"Through":[246],"this":[247],"study,":[248],"chemical":[250],"composition":[251],"origin":[253],"organic":[256],"fraction":[257],"evaluated":[264],"first":[267],"time,":[268],"results":[271],"strong":[274],"anthropogenic":[275],"influence":[276],"on":[277],"emissions,":[279],"particularly":[280],"those":[281],"fuel":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2018-08-03T00:00:00"}