{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2863596733","doi":null,"title":"Natural radioactivity concentrations and occurrence of heavy Metals in Shore Sediments along the Coastline of the Erongo Region in Western Namibia","display_name":"Natural radioactivity concentrations and occurrence of heavy Metals in Shore Sediments along the Coastline of the Erongo Region in Western Namibia","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2863596733","mag":"2863596733"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.nwu.ac.za:10394/28307","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10394/28307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402268","display_name":"Boloka Institutional Repository (North-west University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080259392","display_name":"Sylvanus Ameh Onjefu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-6906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-6906"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sylvanus Ameh Onjefu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-6906","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080259392"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-radioactivity","display_name":"natural radioactivity","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metals","display_name":"heavy metals","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium-mining","display_name":"uranium mining","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturally-occurring-radioactive-materials","display_name":"naturally occurring radioactive materials","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium-238","display_name":"uranium-238","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thorium-232","display_name":"thorium-232","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-40","display_name":"potassium-40","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-dose-rate","display_name":"gamma dose rate","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annual-effective-dose","display_name":"annual effective dose","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupancy-factor","display_name":"occupancy factor","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coastal-sediment-contamination","display_name":"coastal sediment contamination","score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-risk-assessment","display_name":"public health risk assessment","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776053758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105789","display_name":"Heavy metals","level":2,"score":0.68604576587677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152382732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468756","display_name":"Shore","level":2,"score":0.6402016878128052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6259388327598572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5033876299858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992906220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185086","display_name":"Natural radioactivity","level":3,"score":0.4660296142101288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.4436538517475128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.41373229026794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.41020888090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3783740997314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1965285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8008","display_name":"Earth science","level":1,"score":0.37837207317352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.35263293981552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.3400857150554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2700476348400116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.22594889998435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12138998508453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10631135106086731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158973077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192900","display_name":"Radionuclide","level":2,"score":0.10497742891311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.09112769365310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.nwu.ac.za:10394/28307","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10394/28307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402268","display_name":"Boloka Institutional Repository (North-west University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2863596733","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/28307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295166824","https://openalex.org/W3043163340","https://openalex.org/W3205531020","https://openalex.org/W2762972422","https://openalex.org/W2989653999","https://openalex.org/W2739755079","https://openalex.org/W2795758152","https://openalex.org/W4396616959","https://openalex.org/W4414016478","https://openalex.org/W3045820767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Some":[0],"human":[1,78],"activities":[2,8,34,79],"like":[3],"uranium":[4,113],"mining,":[5],"sea":[6],"port":[7,116],"and":[9,27,43,57,83,118,155,188,283,304,319,335,394,416,426,440,450,477,506,539],"improper":[10],"wastes":[11],"handling":[12],"has":[13,148],"been":[14,179],"identified":[15,53],"as":[16,173],"potential":[17],"sources":[18],"of":[19,32,76,105,142,152,169,190,199,238,265,301,317,323,391,406,412,437,444,448,457,489,504,510,512,519,528,537,545,556,559],"exposure":[20],"to":[21,63,99,110,158,182,227,272,278,285,358,364,376,382,541],"naturally":[22],"occurring":[23],"radioactivity":[24,42,186,212],"materials":[25],"(NORM)":[26],"heavy":[28,44,84,191,243,490],"metals.":[29,587],"However,":[30,74,446,553],"some":[31,49],"these":[33,54],"are":[35,86,124,326,398,428,472,583],"not":[36,584],"being":[37],"effectively":[38],"regulated":[39],"for":[40,220,234,242,275,281,288,419,462,475,482,499],"natural":[41,185],"metals":[45,85,192,244,491],"in":[46,61,71,88,161,193,211,349,360,492,501,514,516,533,550,579],"Namibia.":[47],"Whilst":[48],"developed":[50],"nations":[51,91],"have":[52,58,93,178],"environmental":[55],"challenges":[56],"put":[59],"measures":[60],"place":[62],"address":[64,100],"it,":[65],"very":[66],"little":[67,95],"attention":[68,98],"is":[69,107,133,166],"given":[70],"developing":[72,90],"countries.":[73],"most":[75],"the":[77,89,130,150,159,162,167,170,184,197,200,216,221,232,239,263,266,293,331,340,361,401,431,442,455,458,470,486,493,517,554,557,576],"that":[80,92,123,230,424,454,574],"releases":[81],"NORM":[82],"located":[87],"paid":[94],"or":[96],"no":[97],"it.":[101],"The":[102,258,290,310,344,367,409,522],"Erongo":[103,201,267],"region":[104,268],"Namibia":[106,132],"currently":[108],"home":[109],"several":[111],"active":[112],"mining":[114],"companies,":[115],"harbor":[117],"other":[119],"fish":[120],"processing":[121],"companies":[122],"only":[125],"a":[126,223],"few":[127],"kilometers":[128],"from":[129,270,292,374,564],"shoreline.":[131],"an":[134,138],"arid":[135],"country":[136],"with":[137,297,388,531,548,586],"average":[139,389],"day":[140],"temperature":[141],"30":[143],"\u00b0C.":[144],"This":[145],"prevailing":[146],"climate":[147],"necessitated":[149],"migration":[151],"both":[153,399,502],"locals":[154],"international":[156],"tourists":[157],"beaches":[160,233,577],"coastline.":[163],"Most":[164],"worrisome":[165],"use":[168,447,456],"shore":[171,194,240,459,494],"sediment":[172,241,421,460,495],"building":[174,463],"materials.":[175],"These":[176],"studies":[177],"carried":[180],"out":[181],"measure":[183],"concentrations":[187],"occurrence":[189],"sediments":[195],"along":[196,262],"coastline":[198,264],"region.":[202],"A":[203],"high":[204,497],"purity":[205],"germanium":[206],"(HPGe)":[207],"detector":[208],"was":[209,225,245,356],"used":[210],"assessment.":[213],"In":[214],"evaluating":[215],"occupancy":[217,315,321],"factor":[218,316,322,334],"appropriate":[219],"coastline,":[222],"questionnaire":[224],"administered":[226],"2400":[228],"population":[229],"visit":[231],"different":[235],"activities.":[236],"Analysis":[237],"done":[246],"using":[247],"inductively":[248],"coupled-optical":[249],"emission":[250],"spectrometry":[251],"(ICP-OES)":[252],"Perkin":[253],"Elmer":[254],"Optima":[255],"7000":[256],"DV.":[257],"mean":[259,410],"activity":[260],"concentration":[261],"ranges":[269],"142.79":[271],"199.76":[273],"Bq.kg\u207b\u00b9":[274,280,287,439],"\u00b2\u00b3\u2078U,":[276],"29.69":[277],"42.47":[279],"\u00b2\u00b3\u00b2Th":[282],"354.38":[284],"611.19":[286],"\u2074\u2070K.":[289],"results":[291,312,558],"study":[294,567,582],"were":[295],"compared":[296],"world":[298,402,433],"safe":[299,434],"values":[300,390,411,452,471],"50,":[302,303],"500":[305],"Bq.kg\u207b\u00b9,":[306],"respectively":[307],"(UNSCEAR,":[308],"2000).":[309],"modelled":[311,386],"showed":[313,423,453,496,573],"outdoor":[314,333,368],"0.48":[318],"indoor":[320,342],"0.52,":[324],"which":[325,397,572],"2.4":[327],"times":[328,337],"higher":[329],"than":[330,339,430],"UNSCEAR":[332,341],"0.65":[336],"less":[338],"factor.":[343],"absorbed":[345],"dose":[346,371,404],"rate":[347,372],"(ADR)":[348],"air":[350],"at":[351],"1":[352,474,571],"meter":[353],"above":[354,400,478],"ground":[355],"estimated":[357],"be":[359],"range":[362],"93.27":[363],"144.01":[365],"nGy.h\u207b\u00b9.":[366],"annual":[369],"effective":[370,403],"ranged":[373],"121.01":[375],"176.61":[377],"\u03bcSv.y\u207b\u00b9":[378,384,393,396,408],"(UNSCEAR":[379],"factor),":[380,387],"292.60":[381],"413.63":[383],"(present":[385],"142.5":[392],"339.36":[395],"value":[405,436],"70":[407],"Ra\u2091q,":[413],"H\u2091\u2093":[414,427],"H\u1d62\u2099":[415,449,476],"ELCR":[417,451],"obtained":[418],"all":[420,575],"samples":[422,461],"Ra\u2091q":[425],"lower":[429],"accepted":[432],"limit":[435,443],"370":[438],"below":[441],"unity.":[445],"material":[464],"poses":[465],"internal":[466],"radiation":[467],"risk":[468],"since":[469],">":[473],"0.29":[479],"x":[480],"10\u207b\u00b3":[481],"ELCR.":[483],"Assessment":[484],"on":[485],"contamination":[487,511],"status":[488],"enrichment":[498],"Cd":[500,532,549],"seasons":[503],"summer":[505,515],"winter,":[507],"moderate":[508,526],"degree":[509],"As":[513],"beach":[518,530,536,544],"Walvis":[520],"Bay.":[521],"geo-accumulation":[523],"index":[524,562],"revealed":[525],"pollution":[527,560],"Swakopmund":[529,538],"summer,":[534],"unpolluted":[535],"polluted":[540,543,585],"moderately":[542],"Henties":[546],"Bay":[547],"winter":[551],"season.":[552],"evaluation":[555],"load":[561],"(PLI)":[563],"this":[565,580],"present":[566,581],"indicated":[568],"PLI":[569],"<":[570],"investigated":[578]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2018-07-19T00:00:00"}
