{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2848916638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","title":"Environmental Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 in the Five African Great Lakes and Other Major Surface Water Sources in Uganda","display_name":"Environmental Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 in the Five African Great Lakes and Other Major Surface Water Sources in Uganda","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2848916638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","mag":"2848916638","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30123189","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6085420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006444626","display_name":"Godfrey Bwire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-2857","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-2857"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092895","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hy3gq97","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266148","display_name":"National Drug Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/00p21q350","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154618","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Godfrey Bwire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Health, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000229952","display_name":"Amanda Kay Debes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-073X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-073X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanda K. Debes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066904951","display_name":"Christopher Garimoi Orach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5209-5529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5209-5529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher G. Orach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community and Behavioral Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community and Behavioral Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065108247","display_name":"Atek Atwiine Kagirita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-8924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5325-8924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092895","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hy3gq97","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266148","display_name":"National Drug Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/00p21q350","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154618","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atek Kagirita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","Uganda National Health Laboratory Services - Central Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Uganda National Health Laboratory Services - Central Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016680276","display_name":"Malathi Ram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-3037","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-3037"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malathi Ram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043367364","display_name":"Henry Komakech","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-5940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-5940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Komakech","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community and Behavioral Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community and Behavioral Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024120998","display_name":"Joseph B. Voeglein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7761-5108","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7761-5108"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph B. Voeglein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069468046","display_name":"Ambrose Wabwire Buyinza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ambrose W. Buyinza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027341180","display_name":"Tonny Obala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092895","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hy3gq97","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405266148","display_name":"National Drug Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/00p21q350","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154618","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tonny Obala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Quality Control, National Drug Authority, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112282108","display_name":"W. Abdullah Brooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Abdullah Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041377151","display_name":"David Allen Sack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9338-5119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9338-5119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Sack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006444626"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895","https://openalex.org/I4405266148"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":2517,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2714},"fwci":3.9209,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.943746,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1560","last_page":"1560"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11684","display_name":"Vibrio bacteria research studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11684","display_name":"Vibrio bacteria research studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10486","display_name":"Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibrio-cholerae","display_name":"Vibrio cholerae","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-o1-non-o139-vibrio-cholerae","display_name":"non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholera","display_name":"cholera","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-great-lakes","display_name":"Great Lakes of Africa","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-water-pollution","display_name":"surface water contamination","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waterborne-pathogens","display_name":"waterborne pathogens","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholera-surveillance","display_name":"cholera surveillance","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lake-albert","display_name":"Lake Albert","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-season","display_name":"rainy season","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uganda","display_name":"Uganda","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778643871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160821","display_name":"Vibrio cholerae","level":3,"score":0.9821999669075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780722889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12090","display_name":"Cholera","level":2,"score":0.884843111038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.569821298122406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.4865950345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910922","display_name":"Vibrionaceae","level":3,"score":0.4567284882068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779633232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2076733","display_name":"El Tor","level":4,"score":0.45536935329437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.4027017652988434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.38738542795181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.3600184917449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3497908115386963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.1960984468460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.19557559490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.14772763848304749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12059292197227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.07956355810165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5042332","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6085420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30123189","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30123189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in microbiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6085420","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6085420/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Microbiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1108fc065c0f415ba2cfabb19a19f17b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1108fc065c0f415ba2cfabb19a19f17b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 9 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01560/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2484704948","display_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","issn_l":"1664-302X","issn":["1664-302X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.965499997138977,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2630570648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OPP1148763","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332669","funder_display_name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4879639979","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant no. RO1A1039129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6475778158","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant number OPP1148763","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6599986344","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OPP1148763","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000921444","display_name":"Epidemiology and Ecology of Cholera in Africa","funder_award_id":"R01AI123422","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310145","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332669","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2848916638.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2848916638.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578603601","https://openalex.org/W1026267432","https://openalex.org/W1435363487","https://openalex.org/W1500423057","https://openalex.org/W1729007558","https://openalex.org/W1739451450","https://openalex.org/W1793911397","https://openalex.org/W1817474180","https://openalex.org/W1945975895","https://openalex.org/W1963715103","https://openalex.org/W1981667710","https://openalex.org/W1986039129","https://openalex.org/W1987001667","https://openalex.org/W2024206210","https://openalex.org/W2062476928","https://openalex.org/W2084118876","https://openalex.org/W2091035589","https://openalex.org/W2091988845","https://openalex.org/W2092632994","https://openalex.org/W2100329192","https://openalex.org/W2102789355","https://openalex.org/W2111970891","https://openalex.org/W2113983977","https://openalex.org/W2116026520","https://openalex.org/W2129105991","https://openalex.org/W2135775375","https://openalex.org/W2141107702","https://openalex.org/W2150169200","https://openalex.org/W2150670666","https://openalex.org/W2152125853","https://openalex.org/W2158296339","https://openalex.org/W2163605861","https://openalex.org/W2165719039","https://openalex.org/W2169035256","https://openalex.org/W2171309393","https://openalex.org/W2210549894","https://openalex.org/W2224647273","https://openalex.org/W2233503641","https://openalex.org/W2318334060","https://openalex.org/W2412884995","https://openalex.org/W2470336318","https://openalex.org/W2595149956","https://openalex.org/W2595506096","https://openalex.org/W2622197419","https://openalex.org/W2738576451","https://openalex.org/W2756269900","https://openalex.org/W2777070577","https://openalex.org/W2794468842","https://openalex.org/W2796421809","https://openalex.org/W2806436031","https://openalex.org/W4292695543","https://openalex.org/W4302084480","https://openalex.org/W4399377663","https://openalex.org/W6940887067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2157117692","https://openalex.org/W2751456355","https://openalex.org/W3170868774","https://openalex.org/W4405262004","https://openalex.org/W2015035977","https://openalex.org/W2007106476","https://openalex.org/W2125382917","https://openalex.org/W7168294991","https://openalex.org/W2535318728","https://openalex.org/W2049829199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cholera":[0],"is":[1,272],"a":[2,36],"major":[3],"public":[4],"health":[5],"problem":[6],"in":[7,59,67,164,176,191],"the":[8,20,43,49,52,77,117,137,172,182,187,200,269],"African":[9,188],"Great":[10,189],"Lakes":[11,190],"basin.":[12],"Two":[13],"hypotheses":[14],"might":[15],"explain":[16],"this":[17],"observation":[18],"namely;":[19],"lakes":[21,50],"are":[22,35,128,193,210],"reservoirs":[23,198],"of":[24,38,79,116,140,230,239],"toxigenic":[25,121],"V.":[26,80,100,112,122,144,156,202,222,233,245,255],"cholerae":[27,81,101,113,123,145,157,203,215,223,234,246,256],"O1":[28,124,204],"and":[29,64,87,219,236],"O139":[30,126,148,160,206,218,235,259],"bacteria":[31],"or":[32,125,205],"cholera":[33,84,131],"outbreaks":[34],"result":[37],"repeated":[39],"pathogen":[40],"introduction":[41],"from":[42],"neighboring":[44],"communities":[45],"/":[46],"countries":[47],"but":[48],"facilitate":[51],"introductions.":[53],"A":[54],"prospective":[55],"study":[56,179],"was":[57,163],"conducted":[58],"Uganda":[60,192],"between":[61],"February":[62],"2015":[63,168],"January":[65],"2016":[66],"which":[68,169],"28":[69],"selected":[70],"surface":[71,183,240],"water":[72,92,184,241],"sources":[73,185,242],"were":[74,97],"tested":[75,107,119],"for":[76,99,109,130,143,155,199,213],"presence":[78],"species":[82],"using":[83],"rapid":[85],"test":[86,142,229,238],"multiplex":[88],"PCR.":[89],"Of":[90],"322":[91],"samples":[93,106,118],"tested,":[94],"35":[95],"(10.8%)":[96],"positive":[98,108,141,161],"non":[102,146,158,216,257],"O1/non":[103,147,159,217,258],"O139;":[104],"2":[105],"non-toxigenic":[110,221,231],"atypical":[111,220,232],"O139.":[114,224],"None":[115],"had":[120],"that":[127,181,243],"responsible":[129],"epidemics.":[132],"Lake":[133],"Albert":[134],"region":[135],"registered":[136],"highest":[138],"number":[139],"at":[149],"47%":[150],"(9/19).":[151],"The":[152],"peak":[153],"period":[154],"tests":[162],"March":[165],"-":[166],"July":[167],"coincided":[170],"with":[171],"first":[173],"rainy":[174],"season":[175],"Uganda.":[177],"This":[178],"showed":[180],"including":[186],"less":[194],"likely":[195],"to":[196,250,267],"be":[197,248],"observed":[201],"epidemics":[207],"though":[208],"they":[209],"natural":[211],"habitats":[212],"V":[214],"Further":[225],"studies":[226],"by":[227],"WGS":[228],"physicochemical":[237],"supports":[244],"should":[247],"done":[249],"provide":[251],"more":[252],"information.":[253],"Since":[254],"may":[260],"cause":[261],"other":[262],"human":[263],"infections,":[264],"their":[265],"surveillance":[266],"understand":[268],"potential":[270],"pathogenicity":[271],"needed.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2018-07-19T00:00:00"}
