{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809865713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","title":"Universal Thermodynamics in the Context of Dynamical Black Hole","display_name":"Universal Thermodynamics in the Context of Dynamical Black Hole","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809865713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","mag":"2809865713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/universe4070076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737774819","display_name":"Universe","issn_l":"2218-1997","issn":["2218-1997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Universe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2809865713"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026057080","display_name":"Sudipto Bhattacharjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-3344","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8871-3344"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudipto Bhattacharjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022000851","display_name":"Subenoy Chakraborty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3881-8022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3881-8022"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170979836","display_name":"Jadavpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/02af4h012","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Subenoy Chakraborty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022000851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170979836"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"7","first_page":"76","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.33809998631477356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamical-black-holes","display_name":"dynamical black holes","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole-thermodynamics","display_name":"black hole thermodynamics","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flrw-cosmology","display_name":"FRW cosmology","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8549745678901672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30864177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742982","display_name":"Friedmann\u2013Lema\u00eetre\u2013Robertson\u2013Walker metric","level":3,"score":0.766141951084137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6050862073898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63745668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911284","display_name":"Black hole thermodynamics","level":3,"score":0.5930809378623962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.5698065757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5209782719612122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4493935704231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4284185767173767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50341732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880302","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","level":5,"score":0.4271962642669678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.3987893760204315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3336651921272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.32789337635040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.28922581672668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.28776586055755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1555638313293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08575522899627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/universe4070076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737774819","display_name":"Universe","issn_l":"2218-1997","issn":["2218-1997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Universe","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:43c314f9ea4449a2a8153e67052afbea","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/43c314f9ea4449a2a8153e67052afbea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Universe, Vol 4, Iss 7, p 76 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/universe4070076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4070076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737774819","display_name":"Universe","issn_l":"2218-1997","issn":["2218-1997"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Universe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1759183591","https://openalex.org/W1996146431","https://openalex.org/W2010406912","https://openalex.org/W2013999031","https://openalex.org/W2026046894","https://openalex.org/W2029403139","https://openalex.org/W2042650304","https://openalex.org/W2052723426","https://openalex.org/W2055703782","https://openalex.org/W2061184482","https://openalex.org/W2071725611","https://openalex.org/W2090386790","https://openalex.org/W2091781691","https://openalex.org/W2098805766","https://openalex.org/W2108734736","https://openalex.org/W2118558775","https://openalex.org/W2123365287","https://openalex.org/W2146478425","https://openalex.org/W2160245112","https://openalex.org/W2163503404","https://openalex.org/W2168628256","https://openalex.org/W2282901172","https://openalex.org/W2377736525","https://openalex.org/W2996927114","https://openalex.org/W3106198577","https://openalex.org/W3164592651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096811955","https://openalex.org/W7099452640","https://openalex.org/W4405259021","https://openalex.org/W1658951832","https://openalex.org/W2921982249","https://openalex.org/W3126202544","https://openalex.org/W2157652709","https://openalex.org/W2954616287","https://openalex.org/W2092452113","https://openalex.org/W2035880630"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"present":[1],"work":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4],"brief":[5],"review":[6],"of":[7,10,35],"the":[8,15,26,33,36],"development":[9],"dynamical":[11],"black":[12],"holes":[13],"from":[14],"geometric":[16],"point":[17],"view.":[18],"Furthermore,":[19],"in":[20,25],"this":[21],"context,":[22],"universal":[23],"thermodynamics":[24],"FLRW":[27],"model":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30,44],"analyzed":[31],"using":[32],"notion":[34],"Kodama":[37],"vector.":[38],"Finally,":[39],"some":[40],"general":[41],"conclusions":[42],"have":[43],"drawn.":[45]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-07-10T00:00:00"}