{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809573440","doi":null,"title":"The Empty Fortress. Infantile Autism and the Birth of the Self. New York (The Free Press) 1967.","display_name":"The Empty Fortress. Infantile Autism and the Birth of the Self. New York (The Free Press) 1967.","publication_year":1967,"publication_date":"1967-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809573440","mag":"2809573440"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2809573440","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-Fromm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/27434","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028397380","display_name":"Bruno Bettelheim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Bettelheim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028397380"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.8146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":369,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99722696,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.02019999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12844","display_name":"Psychology and Mental Health","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infantile-autism","display_name":"infantile autism","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self","display_name":"self","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoanalysis","display_name":"psychoanalysis","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ego-development","display_name":"ego development","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychoanalytic-theory","display_name":"psychoanalytic theory","score":0.5529999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38035415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408838","display_name":"Fortress (chess)","level":2,"score":0.7844849824905396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.6321790218353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45286956429481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.35320138931274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3302568793296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2570033073425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.14393991231918335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2809573440","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-Fromm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/27434","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3107678225","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7269843M/Empty_Fortress_The","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561776083","https://openalex.org/W2313760842","https://openalex.org/W591765719","https://openalex.org/W566885989","https://openalex.org/W2894061173","https://openalex.org/W1840969042","https://openalex.org/W7028382771","https://openalex.org/W2009346202","https://openalex.org/W622080155","https://openalex.org/W4255398155"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-06-29T00:00:00"}