{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2808630502","doi":null,"title":"Anatomy, Bone Markings","display_name":"Anatomy, Bone Markings","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2808630502","mag":"2808630502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2808630502","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/30020631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306480162","display_name":"StatPearls Publishing eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"StatPearls Publishing eBooks","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081000467","display_name":"Ivan Bandovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-0192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-0192"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Bandovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["NYIT College Of Osteopathic Medicine >  >  >  >"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-0192","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYIT College Of Osteopathic Medicine >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073557105","display_name":"Matthew R. Holme","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I893474871","display_name":"American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02hnxxp83","country_code":"SX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I893474871"]}],"countries":["SX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew R. Holme","raw_affiliation_strings":["American University of the Caribbean - School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American University of the Caribbean - School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I893474871"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061634701","display_name":"Bennett Futterman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104314","display_name":"New York Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bghzb51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bennett Futterman","raw_affiliation_strings":["NYIT College Of Osteopathic Medicine >  >  >  >"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYIT College Of Osteopathic Medicine >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104314"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81730769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":92},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14134","display_name":"Classical Anatomy and Histology","score":0.5419999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2702","display_name":"Anatomy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14134","display_name":"Classical Anatomy and Histology","score":0.5419999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2702","display_name":"Anatomy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.26829999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.09290000051259995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomical-landmarks","display_name":"anatomical landmarks","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-anatomy","display_name":"bone anatomy","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condyle","display_name":"condyle","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epicondyle","display_name":"epicondyle","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epiphysis","display_name":"epiphysis","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diaphysis","display_name":"diaphysis","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crest","display_name":"CREST","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angles","display_name":"angles","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occipital-condyle","display_name":"occipital condyle","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-bones","display_name":"long bones","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-attachment-sites","display_name":"muscle attachment sites","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-articulation","display_name":"joint articulation","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteology","display_name":"osteology","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-anatomy","display_name":"forensic anatomy","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-anatomy","display_name":"functional anatomy","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-anatomy","display_name":"comparative anatomy","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoarthritis","display_name":"osteoarthritis","score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"osteoporosis","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.5368640422821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3685324192047119}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2808630502","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/30020631","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306480162","display_name":"StatPearls Publishing eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"StatPearls Publishing eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2561642957","https://openalex.org/W2907686749","https://openalex.org/W2908500562","https://openalex.org/W2909870709","https://openalex.org/W2912109347","https://openalex.org/W2913440097","https://openalex.org/W2914473326"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3042980711","https://openalex.org/W2941063703","https://openalex.org/W93724381","https://openalex.org/W4230758569","https://openalex.org/W2575964463","https://openalex.org/W2442026062","https://openalex.org/W1019725819","https://openalex.org/W2398465237","https://openalex.org/W1992565219","https://openalex.org/W7207706651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bone":[0,57,132],"markings":[1,46,58,74,114],"are":[2,24,53,150,287,996],"invaluable":[3],"to":[4,79,92,103,180,204,213,296,308,347,351,405,517,550,633,699,779,817,820,834,851,905,989,1019],"the":[5,16,40,50,110,158,165,168,174,181,190,198,214,220,223,227,231,238,245,252,281,289,304,309,313,322,357,378,391,406,412,441,445,454,498,505,535,541,565,568,588,591,594,610,615,641,644,649,654,658,664,667,672,677,681,691,718,721,731,734,737,744,757,769,793,796,806,808,814,821,835,865,868,873,877,881,886,891,906,909,913,920,972,975,979,990,997,1003,1026,1045,1051],"identification":[6],"of":[7,18,49,72,112,121,164,173,186,194,222,268,280,283,312,315,337,373,444,453,543,576,581,590,625,643,657,666,680,723,736,864,870,872,885,898,908,919,944,974,978,1002,1021,1050],"individual":[8],"bones":[9,86,196],"and":[10,13,20,28,37,65,68,94,97,101,106,119,124,161,167,200,241,244,248,262,271,325,344,360,363,366,381,451,468,474,484,494,527,564,697,702,710,720,743,760,789,829,862,890,917,934,948,983,999,1011,1031,1047],"bony":[11,122,137,143],"pieces":[12],"aid":[14],"in":[15,63,87,440,461,504,534,601,740,750,805,841,959],"understanding":[17,120],"functional":[19,126],"evolutionary":[21],"anatomy.":[22],"They":[23],"used":[25,151,632],"by":[26,237,553,593,733,776,792],"clinicians":[27],"surgeons,":[29],"especially":[30],"orthopedists,":[31],"radiologists,":[32],"forensic":[33],"scientists,":[34],"detectives,":[35],"osteologists,":[36],"anatomists.":[38],"Although":[39],"untrained":[41],"eye":[42],"may":[43,140,510,694,767],"overlook":[44],"bone":[45,73,113,399,427,463,506,514,536,577,592,646,651,669,674,843,858,900,945],"as":[47,55,142,411],"contours":[48],"bone,":[51,348,375,617,692],"they":[52],"not":[54,847],"simple.":[56],"play":[59],"an":[60,255,852],"important":[61],"role":[62],"human":[64],"animal":[66],"anatomy":[67,123],"physiology.":[69],"The":[70,298,340,370,394,596,623,715,763,782,824,856,895,992],"functionality":[71],"ranges":[75],"from":[76,226,587,730,813],"enabling":[77],"joints":[78,443],"slide":[80,860],"past":[81],"each":[82],"other":[83],"or":[84,144,192,277,428,515,546,556,928],"lock":[85],"place,":[88],"providing":[89,98,349,548],"structural":[90,211,903],"support":[91,212,350,518,904],"muscle":[93,295,343,555,981],"connective":[95,107,292,345,949,986,1012,1040],"tissue,":[96],"circumferential":[99],"stabilization":[100,850],"protection":[102,698],"nerves,":[104,700],"vessels,":[105,701],"tissue.":[108,929],"Understanding":[109],"importance":[111],"provides":[115,210,849],"a":[116,205,284,316,329,338,374,387,422,433,462,544,561,582,605,619,635,724,830,842,899,956,961,1022],"new":[117],"appreciation":[118],"its":[125,777],"relationships":[127],"with":[128,260,424,614,648,671],"soft":[129,145],"tissues.":[130],"Common":[131],"Markings":[133],"Angles":[134],"-":[135,176,202,274,306,331,369,415,457,478,500,531,571,622,684,714,838,894,922,939,967,1005,1034],"Sharp":[136],"angulations":[138],"that":[139,334,420,464,538,578,688,798,901,960,1020],"serve":[141],"tissue":[146,293,346,950],"attachments":[147],"but":[148,846],"often":[149,209,288,728,754,774,786],"for":[152,264,398,449,567],"precise":[153],"anatomical":[154,761,764,809],"description.":[155],"Examples":[156,188,229,355,436,471,488,521,559,705,875,911,930,1024,1043],"include":[157,189,230,356,472,489,522,560,706,876,912,931,1025,1044],"superior,":[159,169],"inferior,":[160,170],"acromial":[162],"angles":[163,172],"scapula":[166],"lateral":[171,240,247,361,367],"occiput.Body":[175],"This":[177],"usually":[178,376,385,465,599],"refers":[179],"largest,":[182],"most":[183,800,984,993],"prominent":[184,278,574],"segment":[185,372,716],"bone.":[187,285,297,318,628,660,725,855,910,976],"diaphysis":[191],"shaft":[193,314,392,589,722],"long":[195,317],"like":[197],"femur":[199],"humerus.Condyle":[201],"Refers":[203,307],"large":[206,969],"prominence,":[207],"which":[208,258,447,482,693,766,844],"overlying":[215],"hyaline":[216,602],"cartilage.":[217],"It":[218,384,584,608,629,726,752,952],"bears":[219],"brunt":[221],"force":[224],"exerted":[225],"joint.":[228,435,583,874],"knee":[232],"joint":[233,423],"(hinge":[234],"joint),":[235],"formed":[236],"femoral":[239,358],"medial":[242,249,359,365],"condyles,":[243],"tibial":[246,1027],"condyles.":[250],"Additionally,":[251],"occiput":[253],"has":[254,386],"occipital":[256,650,655,668,682],"condyle":[257],"articulates":[259],"atlas(C1)":[261],"accounts":[263],"approximately":[265],"25":[266],"degrees":[267],"cervical":[269],"flexion":[270,450],"extension.":[272],"Crest":[273],"A":[275,332,416,479,501,532,572,685,839,923,940,968,1006,1035],"raised":[276],"part":[279,311,580,897],"edge":[282,624,642,665],"Crests":[286],"sites":[290],"where":[291,946,1009,1039],"attaches":[294,342],"iliac":[299],"crest":[300],"is":[301,396,585,598,609,652,675,727,753,773,785,790,799,953,964,1017],"found":[302],"on":[303,497,795,880,971],"ilium.Diaphysis":[305],"main":[310,611],"Long":[319],"bones,":[320],"including":[321],"femur,":[323],"humerus,":[324,807],"tibia,":[326],"all":[327],"have":[328],"shaft.Epicondyle":[330],"prominence":[333,970,1008,1038],"sits":[335,403],"atop":[336],"condyle.":[339],"epicondyle":[341],"this":[352],"musculoskeletal":[353],"system.":[354],"epicondyles":[362],"humeral":[364,822,836],"epicondyles.Epiphysis":[368],"articulating":[371,513,612,647,670,854,857],"at":[377],"bone's":[379,636],"proximal":[380],"distal":[382,788,833],"poles.":[383],"larger":[388],"diameter":[389],"than":[390,955],"(diaphysis).":[393],"epiphysis":[395],"critical":[397],"growth":[400,413],"because":[401],"it":[402,509],"adjacent":[404,554,616,853],"physeal":[407,738,745],"line,":[408],"also":[409],"known":[410],"plate.Facet":[414],"smooth,":[417],"flat":[418,426,627],"surface":[419,537,613],"forms":[421,579],"another":[425,429,512],"facet,":[430],"together":[431],"creating":[432],"gliding":[434],"can":[437,630],"be":[438,631],"seen":[439],"facet":[442],"vertebrae,":[446],"allow":[448],"extension":[452,575],"spine.":[455],"Fissure":[456],"An":[458],"open":[459],"slit":[460],"houses":[466],"nerves":[467,483],"blood":[469,485],"vessels.":[470],"superior":[473],"inferior":[475,819],"orbital":[476],"fissure.Foramen":[477],"hole":[480],"through":[481],"vessels":[486],"pass.":[487],"supraorbital":[490],"foramen,":[491,493],"infraorbital":[492],"mental":[495],"foramen":[496],"cranium.Fossa":[499],"shallow":[502],"depression":[503,840],"surface.":[507],"Here":[508],"receive":[511],"act":[516],"brain":[519],"structures.":[520],"trochlear":[523,878],"fossa,":[524],"posterior,":[525],"middle,":[526],"anterior":[528],"cranial":[529],"fossa.Groove":[530],"furrow":[533],"runs":[539,811,827],"along":[540],"length":[542],"vessel":[545],"nerve,":[547],"space":[549],"avoid":[551],"compression":[552],"external":[557,707],"forces.":[558],"radial":[562,883],"groove":[563,566],"transverse":[569],"sinus.Head":[570],"rounded,":[573],"separated":[586,755],"neck.":[595,762],"head":[597,719,732],"covered":[600],"cartilage":[603],"inside":[604],"synovial":[606],"capsule.":[607],"forming":[618],"ball-and-socket":[620],"joint.Margin":[621],"any":[626,926],"define":[634],"borders":[637],"accurately.":[638],"For":[639,803],"example,":[640,804],"temporal":[645,659,673,678],"called":[653,676],"margin":[656,679],"And":[661],"vice":[662],"versa,":[663],"bone.Meatus":[683],"tube-like":[686],"channel":[687],"extends":[689],"within":[690,925],"provide":[695],"passage":[696],"even":[703],"sound.":[704],"acoustic":[708],"meatus":[709],"internal":[711],"auditory":[712],"meatus.Neck":[713],"between":[717],"demarcated":[729,775,791],"presence":[735],"line":[739,748],"pediatric":[741],"patients":[742],"scar":[746],"(physeal":[747],"remnant)":[749],"adults.":[751],"into":[756,861],"surgical":[758,783,825],"neck":[759,784,797,810,826],"neck,":[765],"represent":[768],"old":[770],"epiphyseal":[771],"plate,":[772],"attachment":[778],"capsular":[780],"ligaments.":[781],"more":[787,965],"site":[794],"commonly":[801],"fractured.":[802],"obliquely":[812],"greater":[815,998,1046],"tuberosity":[816],"just":[818],"head.":[823],"horizontally":[828],"few":[831],"centimeters":[832],"tuberosities.Notch":[837],"often,":[845],"always,":[848],"will":[859],"out":[863],"notch,":[866,889],"guiding":[867],"range":[869],"motion":[871],"notch":[879,884],"ulna,":[882,887],"suprasternal":[888],"mandibular":[892],"notch.Ramus":[893],"curved":[896],"gives":[902],"rest":[907],"superior/inferior":[914],"pubic":[915],"ramus":[916,918],"mandible.Sinus":[921],"cavity":[924],"organ":[927],"paranasal":[932],"sinuses":[933],"dural":[935],"venous":[936],"sinuses.Spinous":[937],"Process":[938],"raised,":[941],"sharp":[942],"elevation":[943],"muscles":[947,1010],"attach.":[951,1014,1042],"different":[954],"normal":[957],"process":[958,963],"spinous":[962],"pronounced.Trochanter":[966],"side":[973],"Some":[977],"largest":[980],"groups":[982],"dense":[985],"tissues":[987,1013,1041],"attach":[988],"trochanter.":[991,1023],"notable":[994],"examples":[995],"lesser":[1000,1048],"trochanters":[1001],"femur.Tuberosity":[1004],"moderate":[1007],"Its":[1015],"function":[1016],"similar":[1018],"tuberosity,":[1028,1030],"deltoid":[1029],"ischial":[1032],"tuberosity.Tubercle":[1033],"small,":[1036],"rounded":[1037],"tubercle":[1049],"humerus.":[1052]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-06-21T00:00:00"}
