{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2808217653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","title":"China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the Middle East","display_name":"China\u2019s Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the Middle East","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2808217653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","mag":"2808217653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103350616","display_name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","issn_l":"0955-7571","issn":["0955-7571","1474-449X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060099603","display_name":"Maha Samy Kamel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maha S. Kamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060099603"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.6601,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98090041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"1","first_page":"76","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13949","display_name":"Belt and Road Initiative","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13949","display_name":"Belt and Road Initiative","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14349","display_name":"Global Political and Economic Relations","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belt-and-road-initiative","display_name":"Belt and Road Initiative","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china-middle-east-relations","display_name":"China\u2013Middle East relations","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geopolitics","display_name":"geopolitics","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-implications","display_name":"economic implications","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-security","display_name":"energy security","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renminbi-internationalization","display_name":"renminbi internationalization","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suez-canal","display_name":"Suez Canal","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-hubs","display_name":"trade hubs","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-asia","display_name":"Central Asia","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iran","display_name":"Iran","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-economic-growth","display_name":"Chinese economic growth","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3651065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7204","display_name":"Middle East","level":2,"score":0.8489165902137756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201960208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159385","display_name":"Geopolitics","level":3,"score":0.8410985469818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.8307663798332214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.7790724039077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9841139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39099","display_name":"Renminbi","level":3,"score":0.5866349935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76775654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27231","display_name":"East Asia","level":3,"score":0.5480889081954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.48190194368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.473678857088089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778676447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185145","display_name":"Great power","level":3,"score":0.41602885723114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.41521838307380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.41521745920181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3379495143890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3318856358528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26682326197624207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19514504075050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07172876596450806}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2018.1480592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103350616","display_name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","issn_l":"0955-7571","issn":["0955-7571","1474-449X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6773999929428101,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W193282863","https://openalex.org/W1586721923","https://openalex.org/W2252535345","https://openalex.org/W2372816664","https://openalex.org/W2405989890","https://openalex.org/W2462540925","https://openalex.org/W2475240023","https://openalex.org/W2530427295","https://openalex.org/W2533632077","https://openalex.org/W2570489625","https://openalex.org/W2590447156","https://openalex.org/W2765384327","https://openalex.org/W2883474793","https://openalex.org/W2991829939","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405693247","https://openalex.org/W7142738293","https://openalex.org/W4406902804","https://openalex.org/W2940635588","https://openalex.org/W2925004251","https://openalex.org/W4409433533","https://openalex.org/W7220250775","https://openalex.org/W4381827765","https://openalex.org/W7220056710","https://openalex.org/W7131716359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2,27],"the":[3,9,15,20,23,28,31,35,48,71,84,121,125,132,143,151,167,171,178,185],"geopolitical":[4,78],"and":[5,11,26,43,116,174],"economic":[6,54],"implications":[7,130],"of":[8,170,180,190],"Belt":[10],"Road":[12],"Initiative":[13],"for":[14,34,131,141],"Middle":[16,81,133,186],"East.":[17,134],"It":[18,45],"locates":[19],"BRI":[21,49,126,144,163],"within":[22],"region\u2019s":[24],"politics":[25],"opportunities":[29],"that":[30,47,61],"initiative":[32],"offers":[33],"region,":[36,72],"as":[37,39,56,101],"well":[38],"its":[40,95],"inherent":[41],"risks":[42],"challenges.":[44],"argues":[46],"is":[50],"not":[51],"merely":[52],"an":[53],"project":[55,140],"framed":[57],"by":[58,93,119],"Beijing,":[59],"but":[60],"it":[62],"represents":[63],"a":[64,102,112,138],"new":[65],"stage":[66],"in":[67,150,184,188,194],"China\u2019s":[68,90,99,108],"engagement":[69],"with":[70],"and\u2014if":[73],"fully":[74],"implemented\u2014could":[75],"have":[76,128],"wide":[77,129],"implications.":[79],"The":[80,162],"East":[82,187],"has":[83],"potential":[85],"to":[86,89,110,159],"contribute":[87],"immensely":[88],"sustained":[91],"growth":[92],"addressing":[94],"energy":[96],"security,":[97],"supporting":[98],"role":[100],"\u2018megatrader\u2019,":[103],"and,":[104],"more":[105,153],"importantly,":[106],"driving":[107],"efforts":[109],"become":[111],"global":[113],"maritime":[114],"power":[115,118],"monetary":[117],"internationalizing":[120],"Renminbi":[122],"(RMB).":[123],"Thus,":[124],"could":[127,175],"Far":[135],"from":[136],"being":[137],"win-win":[139],"all,":[142],"will":[145,164],"likely":[146,165],"benefit":[147,160],"some":[148,181],"countries":[149],"region":[152],"than":[154],"others.":[155],"Iran":[156],"stands":[157],"ready":[158],"most.":[161],"increase":[166],"strategic":[168],"importance":[169,179],"Suez":[172],"Canal":[173],"potentially":[176],"undermine":[177],"logistic":[182],"hubs":[183,193],"favour":[189],"other":[191],"trade":[192],"Central":[195],"Asia.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-21T09:56:26.102985","created_date":"2018-06-21T00:00:00"}