{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807991627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","title":"Income inequality is not rising, but seen from the middle it looks worse","display_name":"Income inequality is not rising, but seen from the middle it looks worse","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807991627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","mag":"2807991627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The IFS","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015243962","display_name":"Paul E. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3342-3504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3342-3504","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-7549"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3342-3504","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015243962"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-income","display_name":"household income","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/households-below-average-income","display_name":"Households Below Average Income","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class","display_name":"middle class","score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-distribution","display_name":"income distribution","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/department-for-work-and-pensions","display_name":"Department for Work and Pensions","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.762233316898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.5847121477127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5155722498893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3654520511627197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3612881898880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20393192768096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0695","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The IFS","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.8928999900817871,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2915536061","https://openalex.org/W2603536138","https://openalex.org/W3138566455","https://openalex.org/W2917987093","https://openalex.org/W2507708052","https://openalex.org/W2411974103","https://openalex.org/W2510025898","https://openalex.org/W4403173540","https://openalex.org/W125836151","https://openalex.org/W2515822016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Towards":[0],"the":[1,6,13,29,34,53,57,60],"end":[2,58],"of":[3,16,40,59],"last":[4],"month,":[5],"Department":[7],"for":[8],"Work":[9],"and":[10,48],"Pensions":[11],"published":[12],"latest":[14],"version":[15,51],"Households":[17],"Below":[18],"Average":[19],"Income.":[20],"Not":[21],"a":[22,25],"publication":[23],"with":[24],"title":[26],"to":[27,45,56],"set":[28],"pulse":[30],"racing,":[31],"perhaps,":[32],"but":[33],"most":[35],"thorough":[36],"analysis":[37],"we":[38],"have":[39],"what":[41],"has":[42],"been":[43],"happening":[44],"household":[46],"incomes":[47],"inequality.":[49],"This":[50],"brings":[52],"story":[54],"up":[55],"2016-17":[61],"financial":[62],"year.":[63]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2018-06-21T00:00:00"}