{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807931780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","title":"Was Aztec and Mixtec turquoise mined in the American Southwest?","display_name":"Was Aztec and Mixtec turquoise mined in the American Southwest?","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807931780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","mag":"2807931780","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29928694","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6007158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","pdf_url":"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/6/eaas9370.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/6/eaas9370.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089590602","display_name":"Alyson M. Thibodeau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-8249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-8249"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121058860","display_name":"Dickinson College","ror":"https://ror.org/02ydh7m84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121058860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alyson M. Thibodeau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, P.O. Box 1773, Carlisle, PA 17013, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-8249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, P.O. Box 1773, Carlisle, PA 17013, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121058860"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090126375","display_name":"Leonardo L\u00f3pez Luj\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-9650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-9650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164711","display_name":"National Institute of Anthropology and History","ror":"https://ror.org/0509e3289","country_code":"MX","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164711"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo L\u00f3pez Luj\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Museo del Templo Mayor, INAH (Instituto Nacional de Antropolog\u00eda e Historia), Guatemala 60, Colonia Centro, 06060 Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-9650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Museo del Templo Mayor, INAH (Instituto Nacional de Antropolog\u00eda e Historia), Guatemala 60, Colonia Centro, 06060 Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066071224","display_name":"David J. Killick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-750X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-750X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Killick","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 1009 East South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, 1009 East South Campus Drive, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109603782","display_name":"Frances F. Berdan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43369023","display_name":"California State University, San Bernardino","ror":"https://ror.org/02n651896","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43369023"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frances F. Berdan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 94407, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 94407, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43369023"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111042934","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn Ruiz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaquin Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089590602"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121058860"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"fwci":15.2542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98426519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"6","first_page":"eaas9370","last_page":"eaas9370"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.8457000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10087","display_name":"Archaeology and ancient environmental studies","score":0.10599999874830246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13443","display_name":"Mineralogy and Gemology Studies","score":0.02850000001490116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turquoise","display_name":"turquoise","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aztecs","display_name":"Aztecs","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixtec","display_name":"Mixtec","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesoamerica","display_name":"Mesoamerica","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southwestern-united-states","display_name":"southwestern United States","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-distance-exchange","display_name":"long-distance exchange","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tenochtitlan","display_name":"Tenochtitlan","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-deposits","display_name":"copper deposits","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesoamerican-trade","display_name":"Mesoamerican trade","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504846192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13703","display_name":"Mesoamerica","level":2,"score":0.9651345014572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.7862026691436768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780049196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23582628","display_name":"Provenance","level":2,"score":0.6915465593338013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776442119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92785642","display_name":"Precinct","level":2,"score":0.5439354181289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.519582986831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1704480","display_name":"Ornaments","level":3,"score":0.4617590606212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.37709298729896545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.28867387771606445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.17806977033615112}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","pdf_url":"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/6/eaas9370.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4961462","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6007158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6007158","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6007158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Adv","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:29928694","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29928694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science advances","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/631453","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eaas9370","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9370","pdf_url":"https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/advances/4/6/eaas9370.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737427234","display_name":"Science Advances","issn_l":"2375-2548","issn":["2375-2548"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science Advances","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2807931780.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W616046111","https://openalex.org/W649486000","https://openalex.org/W798288721","https://openalex.org/W849342380","https://openalex.org/W1593223937","https://openalex.org/W1971067937","https://openalex.org/W1972264417","https://openalex.org/W1981345323","https://openalex.org/W2001565433","https://openalex.org/W2018598067","https://openalex.org/W2019993356","https://openalex.org/W2026711655","https://openalex.org/W2037587012","https://openalex.org/W2043846326","https://openalex.org/W2078548968","https://openalex.org/W2082953141","https://openalex.org/W2105461390","https://openalex.org/W2116468273","https://openalex.org/W2128476112","https://openalex.org/W2130165721","https://openalex.org/W2168363532","https://openalex.org/W2337590367","https://openalex.org/W2482922206","https://openalex.org/W2757340628","https://openalex.org/W3006130046","https://openalex.org/W4255021957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2807818968","https://openalex.org/W2968868919","https://openalex.org/W6921403432","https://openalex.org/W1982557116","https://openalex.org/W2337590367","https://openalex.org/W25562534","https://openalex.org/W2757340628","https://openalex.org/W1972141056","https://openalex.org/W4417415579","https://openalex.org/W2510677421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Archaeologists":[0],"have":[1,90],"long":[2],"suggested":[3],"that":[4,93,115],"prehispanic":[5],"states":[6],"in":[7,17,98,110],"Mesoamerica":[8],"acquired":[9,131],"turquoise":[10,49,96,116],"through":[11,132],"long-distance":[12,133],"exchange":[13,134],"with":[14,72,135],"groups":[15],"living":[16],"what":[18],"is":[19],"now":[20],"the":[21,43,58,78,83,99,119,136],"American":[22,84,100],"Southwest":[23],"and":[24,37,68,107,121,128],"adjacent":[25],"parts":[26],"of":[27,46,61,82,87],"northern":[28],"Mexico.":[29],"To":[30],"test":[31],"this":[32],"hypothesis,":[33],"we":[34],"use":[35],"lead":[36],"strontium":[38],"isotopic":[39,91],"ratios":[40],"to":[41],"investigate":[42],"geologic":[44],"provenance":[45],"43":[47],"Mesoamerican":[48,126],"artifacts,":[50],"including":[51],"38":[52],"mosaic":[53],"tiles":[54,70],"from":[55,95,125],"offerings":[56],"within":[57],"Sacred":[59],"Precinct":[60],"Tenochtitlan":[62],"(the":[63],"Mexica":[64],"or":[65],"Aztec":[66],"capital)":[67],"5":[69],"associated":[71],"Mixteca-style":[73],"mosaics":[74],"currently":[75],"held":[76],"by":[77,118],"Smithsonian's":[79],"National":[80],"Museum":[81],"Indian.":[85],"Most":[86],"these":[88],"artifacts":[89],"signatures":[92],"differ":[94],"deposits":[97,106],"Southwest,":[101],"but":[102],"closely":[103],"match":[104],"copper":[105],"crustal":[108],"rocks":[109],"Mesoamerica.":[111],"We":[112],"thus":[113],"conclude":[114],"used":[117],"Aztecs":[120],"Mixtecs":[122],"likely":[123],"derives":[124],"sources":[127],"was":[129],"not":[130],"Southwest.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2018-06-21T00:00:00"}