{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807587667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","title":"Does Physical Activity Programming Influence Health and Wellness Attitudes in a Rural School District?","display_name":"Does Physical Activity Programming Influence Health and Wellness Attitudes in a Rural School District?","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807587667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","mag":"2807587667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016337047","display_name":"Madeline A. Lyon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Madeline A. Lyon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008274356","display_name":"Timothy K. Behrens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-4209","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-4209"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy K. Behrens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052955046","display_name":"Dick M. Carpenter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8229-5652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8229-5652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dick Carpenter","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111495915","display_name":"Elizabeth Tucker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Tucker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086201922","display_name":"Carmen Luna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen Luna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111674621","display_name":"Julaine E. Field","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I888729015","display_name":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs","ror":"https://ror.org/054spjc55","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julaine Field","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I888729015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052964134","display_name":"Cheryl M. Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5835-6016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5835-6016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343052199","display_name":"Kaiser Permanente","ror":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheryl Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, CO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343052199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"5S","first_page":"64","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12831","display_name":"School Health and Nursing Education","score":0.6425999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12831","display_name":"School Health and Nursing Education","score":0.6425999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.31130000948905945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11718","display_name":"Physical Education and Pedagogy","score":0.01730000041425228,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-activity-programming","display_name":"physical activity programming","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-wellness-programs","display_name":"school wellness programs","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-schools","display_name":"rural schools","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-perceptions","display_name":"student perceptions","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-perceptions","display_name":"parental attitudes","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-perceptions","display_name":"teacher perceptions","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-breaks","display_name":"brain breaks","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthy-eating","display_name":"healthy eating","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-play","display_name":"free play","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/playwork","display_name":"playwork","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105776082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617473","display_name":"Likert scale","level":2,"score":0.7179652452468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5154272317886353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.4992637634277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.47725316882133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.42032909393310547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.41938692331314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4103233218193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3801453113555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3760991394519806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.27123379707336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.19033870100975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000535291.37116.64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215295834","https://openalex.org/W2375139614","https://openalex.org/W2032138474","https://openalex.org/W2315959140","https://openalex.org/W2068211804","https://openalex.org/W2415203263","https://openalex.org/W4402869416","https://openalex.org/W2770537483","https://openalex.org/W2104191894","https://openalex.org/W7204671437"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"investigate":[2,315],"the":[3,79,182,288],"impact":[4],"of":[5,61,93,146,164,280],"a":[6,16,27,46,58,65,309],"district-wide":[7],"wellness":[8,55,233],"program":[9],"on":[10,64],"students,":[11],"parents,":[12],"and":[13,75,86,95,109,111,118,126,131,148,159,246,267,295,331],"staff":[14],"in":[15,38,114,170,180,219,318,328],"rural":[17,35,319],"school":[18,36,240],"district.":[19],"METHODS:":[20],"In":[21],"this":[22],"one-group,":[23],"pretest-":[24],"posttest":[25],"design,":[26],"high":[28],"need":[29],"(45.1%":[30],"free":[31,194],"or":[32],"reduced":[33],"lunch)":[34],"district":[37],"southern":[39],"Colorado":[40],"(USA;":[41],"N=13":[42],"schools)":[43],"was":[44,102],"awarded":[45],"grant":[47],"to":[48,78,107,112,134,153,200,236,251,282,321,326],"implement":[49],"physical":[50],"activity":[51],"(PA)":[52],"programming.":[53],"The":[54,100],"team":[56],"developed":[57],"survey":[59,101,184],"consisting":[60],"29":[62],"questions":[63,71],"five-point":[66],"Likert":[67],"scale":[68],"(SA-SD).":[69],"These":[70],"asked":[72],"about":[73],"PA":[74,89,96,171,202,247,306,329],"its":[76],"importance":[77,92],"participants":[80],"(e.g.,":[81],"community":[82,261],"support":[83],"for":[84,97,143,243,264,298],"health":[85,94,231],"PA,":[87],"withholding":[88],"as":[90,203,257],"punishment,":[91],"participants,":[98],"etc.).":[99,138],"provided":[103],"via":[104],"email":[105],"link":[106],"parents":[108,165],"staff,":[110],"students":[113],"classes,":[115],"during":[116],"fall":[117,158],"spring":[119,160,183],"semesters.":[120,161,174],"Intervention":[121],"activities":[122],"included":[123],"various":[124],"programming":[125,307],"challenges":[127],"(e.g.":[128],"Playworks\u2122,":[129],"Weigh":[130],"win\u2122,":[132],"bike/walk":[133],"school/work,":[135],"Fitbit":[136],"challenges,":[137],"Descriptive":[139],"statistics":[140],"were":[141,151,185,209,302],"calculated":[142],"all":[144],"variables":[145,172],"interest,":[147],"non-parametric":[149],"tests":[150],"used":[152],"examine":[154],"significant":[155,168,216],"differences":[156],"between":[157],"RESULTS:":[162],"Surveys":[163],"indicated":[166,177,215],"no":[167],"improvements":[169],"across":[173],"Staff":[175],"surveys":[176,214],"three":[178],"areas":[179,221],"which":[181],"significantly":[186],"worse":[187],"(healthy":[188,222],"eating/active":[189,291,300],"living":[190,226,269,292],"are":[191,227,234,293],"important":[192,197,228,235],"p=.04,":[193],"play":[195],"is":[196],"p<.0001,":[198,229,248],"effective":[199],"withhold":[201],"punishment":[204,258],"p=.0472),":[205],"though":[206],"these":[207],"findings":[208],"not":[210],"practically":[211,303],"meaningful.":[212,304],"Student":[213],"positive":[217],"change":[218],"seven":[220],"eating":[223,245,266],"&":[224,232],"active":[225,268],"personal":[230],"me":[237],"p=.001,":[238],"my":[239,260],"provides":[241,262],"opportunities":[242,263,297],"healthy":[244,265,299],"it\u2019s":[249],"acceptable":[250],"be":[252],"withheld":[253],"from":[254],"PE/":[255],"recess":[256],"p=.048,":[259],"p=.0091,":[270],"how":[271],"often":[272],"do":[273],"brain":[274,283],"breaks":[275,284],"occur?":[276,285],"p=.005,":[277],"what":[278],"time":[279],"day":[281],"p=.0133),":[286],"but":[287],"only":[289],"\u201chealthy":[290],"important\u201d":[294],"\u201ccommunity":[296],"living\u201d":[301],"CONCLUSIONS:":[305],"had":[308],"mixed":[310],"influence.":[311],"Future":[312],"research":[313],"should":[314],"similar":[316],"phenomena":[317],"schools":[320],"better":[322],"understand":[323],"factors":[324],"related":[325],"changes":[327],"awareness":[330],"behaviors.":[332]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}