{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807157150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","title":"Two Level Disambiguation Model for Query Translation","display_name":"Two Level Disambiguation Model for Query Translation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807157150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","mag":"2807157150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","pdf_url":"http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/download/9174/9580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764532672","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","issn_l":"2088-8708","issn":["2088-8708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315009","host_organization_name":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/download/9174/9580","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074679103","display_name":"Pratibha Bajpai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pratibha Bajpai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amity University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amity University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072053917","display_name":"Parul Verma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-5822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-5822"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parul Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amity University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amity University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019493754","display_name":"S. Qasim Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-4022","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-4022"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Q. Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ambalika Institute of Management & Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ambalika Institute of Management & Technology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2096,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86283872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"5","first_page":"3923","last_page":"3923"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.1720000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10759","display_name":"Translation Studies and Practices","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution","display_name":"ambiguity resolution","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilingual-dictionary","display_name":"bilingual dictionary","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-co-occurrence-statistics","display_name":"word co-occurrence statistics","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-hindi-translation","display_name":"English-Hindi translation","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-lingual-information-retrieval","display_name":"cross-lingual information retrieval","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-translation","display_name":"query translation","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8769729137420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778842860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986551","display_name":"Cross-language information retrieval","level":3,"score":0.6536113619804382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6525686383247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5712051391601562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5374956727027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192028432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845739","display_name":"Query language","level":2,"score":0.5299431085586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5147347450256348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148526163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723733","display_name":"Machine translation software usability","level":4,"score":0.4636351466178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99016210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5488129","display_name":"Query expansion","level":2,"score":0.4491271674633026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.4367423951625824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3963690996170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.3730689287185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.36383891105651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","pdf_url":"http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/download/9174/9580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764532672","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","issn_l":"2088-8708","issn":["2088-8708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315009","host_organization_name":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.www.iaescore.com:article/9174","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.iaescore.com/journals/index.php/IJECE/article/view/9174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764855249","display_name":"Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science","issn_l":"2502-4752","issn":["2502-4752","2502-4760"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315009","host_organization_name":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE); Vol 8, No 5: October 2018 (Part II); 3923-3932","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:4072784","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/4072784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8(5) 3923-3932","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3923-3932","pdf_url":"http://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/download/9174/9580","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764532672","display_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","issn_l":"2088-8708","issn":["2088-8708"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315009","host_organization_name":"Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2807157150.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2807157150.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493811175","https://openalex.org/W1528203153","https://openalex.org/W1574548479","https://openalex.org/W1593045043","https://openalex.org/W1966497645","https://openalex.org/W2008248260","https://openalex.org/W2026953311","https://openalex.org/W2036242317","https://openalex.org/W2059795162","https://openalex.org/W2081283644","https://openalex.org/W2140011080","https://openalex.org/W2150071570","https://openalex.org/W2155903443","https://openalex.org/W2159744538","https://openalex.org/W2162059093","https://openalex.org/W2168801328","https://openalex.org/W2768907804","https://openalex.org/W4229727521","https://openalex.org/W4232943678","https://openalex.org/W4246858749","https://openalex.org/W4252652079","https://openalex.org/W4253938478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058753644","https://openalex.org/W7099460374","https://openalex.org/W2279599765","https://openalex.org/W4249512766","https://openalex.org/W2350717402","https://openalex.org/W2121196388","https://openalex.org/W2124608705","https://openalex.org/W2075594510","https://openalex.org/W2166342947","https://openalex.org/W2026027976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Selection":[0],"of":[1,80,83,96,100,107,115,140,150,192,207],"the":[2,37,74,78,88,94,104,113,126,129,138,148,182],"most":[3,38],"suitable":[4],"translation":[5,8,40,81,98,106,120,139,151,162,194],"among":[6],"all":[7,141],"candidates":[9],"returned":[10],"by":[11],"bilingual":[12],"dictionary":[13],"has":[14],"always":[15],"been":[16],"quiet":[17],"challenging":[18],"task":[19],"for":[20,41,62,119,163,209],"any":[21],"cross":[22,176],"language":[23,168,177],"query":[24,84,109,131,142,169],"translation.":[25],"Researchers":[26],"have":[27,48],"frequently":[28],"tried":[29],"to":[30,35,157,201],"use":[31],"word":[32,165],"co-occurrence":[33],"statistics":[34,47],"determine":[36],"probable":[39],"user":[42,130],"query.":[43],"Algorithms":[44],"using":[45],"such":[46],"certain":[49],"shortcomings,":[50],"which":[51,160],"are":[52],"focused":[53],"in":[54,166,205],"this":[55],"paper.":[56],"We":[57],"propose":[58],"a":[59,97,108,133],"novel":[60],"method":[61],"ambiguity":[63],"resolution,":[64],"named":[65],"\u2018two":[66],"level":[67,72,124,185],"disambiguation":[68,186,203],"model\u2019.":[69],"At":[70,122],"first":[71],"disambiguation,":[73,125],"model":[75,127,187],"properly":[76],"weighs":[77],"importance":[79,91],"alternatives":[82,152],"terms":[85,143,206],"obtained":[86],"from":[87],"dictionary.":[89],"The":[90,171],"factor":[92],"measures":[93],"probability":[95],"candidate":[99],"being":[101],"selected":[102],"as":[103,132],"final":[105],"term.":[110],"This":[111,154],"removes":[112],"problem":[114],"taking":[116,145],"binary":[117],"decision":[118],"candidates.":[121],"second":[123],"targets":[128],"single":[134],"concept":[135],"and":[136,190,195,197,211],"deduces":[137],"simultaneously,":[144],"into":[146],"account":[147],"weights":[149],"also.":[153],"is":[155],"contrary":[156],"previous":[158],"researches":[159],"select":[161],"each":[164],"source":[167],"independently.":[170],"experimental":[172],"result":[173],"with":[174],"English-Hindi":[175],"information":[178],"retrieval":[179],"shows":[180],"that":[181],"proposed":[183],"two":[184],"achieved":[188],"79.53%":[189],"83.50%":[191],"monolingual":[193],"21.11%":[196],"17.36%":[198],"improvement":[199],"compared":[200],"greedy":[202],"strategies":[204],"MAP":[208],"short":[210],"long":[212],"queries":[213],"respectively.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}