{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2806448306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","title":"FILTERING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC POINT CLOUDS USING STANDARD LIDAR FILTERS TOWARDS DTM GENERATION","display_name":"FILTERING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC POINT CLOUDS USING STANDARD LIDAR FILTERS TOWARDS DTM GENERATION","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2806448306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","mag":"2806448306"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","pdf_url":"https://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/IV-2/319/2018/isprs-annals-IV-2-319-2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737735205","display_name":"ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences","issn_l":"2194-9042","issn":["2194-9042","2194-9050","2196-6346"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/IV-2/319/2018/isprs-annals-IV-2-319-2018.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062685673","display_name":"Z. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9428-5905","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9428-5905"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152645","display_name":"International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/038v7xb98","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046864745","display_name":"M. Gerke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-6182","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-6182"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Gerke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Technical University of Brunswick, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Technical University of Brunswick, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086428184","display_name":"George Vosselman A","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-8028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-8028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152645","display_name":"International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/038v7xb98","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Vosselman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8813-8028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014321482","display_name":"Michael Ying Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-9987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0649-9987","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7575-1728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152645","display_name":"International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/038v7xb98","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Y. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Earth Observation Science, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152645","https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4913,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86929832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"IV-2","issue":null,"first_page":"319","last_page":"326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.698199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.698199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.13899999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.12999999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud-filtering","display_name":"point cloud filtering","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetric-point-clouds","display_name":"photogrammetric point clouds","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dense-image-matching","display_name":"dense matching","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-terrain-model","display_name":"digital terrain model","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-classification","display_name":"ground classification","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dtm-accuracy","display_name":"DTM accuracy","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pix4dmapper","display_name":"Pix4D Mapper","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sure","display_name":"SURE","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-robustness","display_name":"noise robustness","score":0.4650000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.8713608980178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.7541695833206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.7466289401054382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6527238488197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.62140291929245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.5950559973716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5537025332450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.549481987953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5154841542243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5078340172767639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4968149960041046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.44646477699279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141349535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361664","display_name":"Laser scanning","level":3,"score":0.434799462556839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4246372878551483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35367757081985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28085577487945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.18916785717010498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.17910096049308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15768593549728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12654238939285278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.11778056621551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11636126041412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.10085323452949524}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","pdf_url":"https://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/IV-2/319/2018/isprs-annals-IV-2-319-2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737735205","display_name":"ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences","issn_l":"2194-9042","issn":["2194-9042","2194-9050","2196-6346"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire/7774db71-14f0-459c-9304-e63631999d7d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/7774db71-14f0-459c-9304-e63631999d7d","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/113723221/isprs_annals_IV_2_319_2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58c5ad45a8354652a15f00d87e5aea0e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58c5ad45a8354652a15f00d87e5aea0e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol IV-2, Pp 319-326 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.copernicus.org:isprs-annals69319","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/IV-2/319/2018/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400433","display_name":"Biogeosciences (European Geosciences Union)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799957102","host_organization_name":"European Geosciences Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799957102"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eISSN: 2194-9050","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:ut:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/7774db71-14f0-459c-9304-e63631999d7d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/7774db71-14f0-459c-9304-e63631999d7d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS TC II Mid-term Symposium \u201cTowards Photogrammetry 2020\u201d, 4\u20137 June 2018, Riva del Garda, Italy: ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 319 - 326","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencepaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-319-2018","pdf_url":"https://www.isprs-ann-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/IV-2/319/2018/isprs-annals-IV-2-319-2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737735205","display_name":"ISPRS annals of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences","issn_l":"2194-9042","issn":["2194-9042","2194-9050","2196-6346"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806448306.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806448306.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84227776","https://openalex.org/W1539592020","https://openalex.org/W1984464677","https://openalex.org/W2009214675","https://openalex.org/W2014091167","https://openalex.org/W2030517367","https://openalex.org/W2046682121","https://openalex.org/W2056769281","https://openalex.org/W2064381770","https://openalex.org/W2115872854","https://openalex.org/W2117248802","https://openalex.org/W2129404737","https://openalex.org/W2164969529","https://openalex.org/W2259591523","https://openalex.org/W2398127311","https://openalex.org/W2408023307","https://openalex.org/W2468795783","https://openalex.org/W2469462638","https://openalex.org/W2515344238","https://openalex.org/W2559014081","https://openalex.org/W2572696731","https://openalex.org/W2613198767","https://openalex.org/W2621187594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2754810864","https://openalex.org/W2006668352","https://openalex.org/W2259591523","https://openalex.org/W3042040129","https://openalex.org/W2041775733","https://openalex.org/W6981793131","https://openalex.org/W2979138748","https://openalex.org/W2518066517","https://openalex.org/W2494362094","https://openalex.org/W2193605098"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"Digital":[1],"Terrain":[2],"Models":[3],"(DTMs)":[4],"can":[5,66,172],"be":[6,67,124,173],"generated":[7],"from":[8,46],"point":[9,43,72,84,182],"clouds":[10,73,85,183],"acquired":[11],"by":[12,134,175,185],"laser":[13,37],"scanning":[14,38],"or":[15,116],"photogrammetric":[16,71],"dense":[17,47,82,193],"matching.":[18],"During":[19],"the":[20,35,42,55,93,107,120,130,167,199,213,222],"last":[21],"two":[22,81],"decades,":[23],"much":[24,153],"effort":[25],"has":[26],"been":[27],"paid":[28],"to":[29,69,79,99,113,217],"developing":[30],"robust":[31,98],"filtering":[32],"algorithms":[33],"for":[34],"airborne":[36],"(ALS)":[39],"data.":[40],"With":[41],"cloud":[44],"quality":[45],"image":[48],"matching":[49,83,194],"(DIM)":[50],"getting":[51],"better":[52],"and":[53,104,187],"better,":[54],"research":[56],"question":[57],"that":[58,92,171],"arises":[59],"is":[60,97,178],"whether":[61],"those":[62],"standard":[63,94],"Lidar":[64,95],"filters":[65],"used":[68],"filter":[70,80,96,137,215],"as":[74,149,163],"well.":[75],"Experiments":[76],"are":[77,189],"implemented":[78],"with":[86],"different":[87],"noise":[88,229],"levels.":[89],"Results":[90],"show":[91],"random":[100],"noise.":[101],"However,":[102],"artefacts":[103],"blunders":[105],"in":[106,119,126,206,221],"DIM":[108,131,176,181],"points":[109,132,146,161,177,196],"often":[110],"appear":[111],"due":[112],"low":[114],"contrast":[115],"poor":[117],"texture":[118],"images.":[121],"Filtering":[122,129],"will":[123,138,204],"erroneous":[125],"these":[127],"locations.":[128],"pre-processed":[133],"a":[135,218,226],"ranking":[136,214],"bring":[139],"higher":[140,197],"Type":[141,155],"II":[142],"error":[143,157],"(i.e.":[144,158],"non-ground":[145,164],"actually":[147],"labelled":[148,162],"ground":[150,160],"points)":[151],"but":[152,225],"lower":[154],"I":[156],"bare":[159],"points).":[165],"Finally,":[166],"potential":[168],"DTM":[169,223],"accuracy":[170],"achieved":[174],"evaluated.":[179],"Two":[180],"derived":[184],"Pix4Dmapper":[186],"SURE":[188],"compared.":[190],"On":[191],"grassland":[192],"generates":[195],"than":[198],"true":[200],"terrain":[201],"surface,":[202],"which":[203],"result":[205],"incorrectly":[207],"elevated":[208],"DTMs.":[209],"The":[210],"application":[211],"of":[212],"leads":[216],"reduced":[219],"bias":[220],"height,":[224],"slightly":[227],"increased":[228],"level.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}