{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2806375907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","title":"Stability Formulation for Integrated Opto-mechanic Phase Shifters","display_name":"Stability Formulation for Integrated Opto-mechanic Phase Shifters","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2806375907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","mag":"2806375907","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29386667","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5792635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20405-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20405-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005283680","display_name":"Yi\u011fit \u00d6zer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-7733","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1968-7733"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yigit Ozer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065971073","display_name":"Serdar Kocaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-7209","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-7209"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","display_name":"Middle East Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/014weej12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Serdar Kocaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. skocaman@metu.edu.tr","Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-7209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey. skocaman@metu.edu.tr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065971073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":1.4402,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"1937","last_page":"1937"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.4731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.4731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.3564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.09749999642372131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability-analysis","display_name":"stability analysis","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-photonics","display_name":"integrated photonics","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguides","display_name":"waveguides","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-beam","display_name":"control beam","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cantilever-beam","display_name":"cantilever beam","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-clamped-beam","display_name":"double-clamped beam","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-errors","display_name":"manufacturing errors","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-index","display_name":"effective index","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift","display_name":"phase shift","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/device-durability","display_name":"device durability","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141354745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17227","display_name":"Cantilever","level":2,"score":0.8886663913726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.8626004457473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.6100426912307739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.6059566140174866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5977988839149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.5778717994689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.517120361328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4703022837638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4292798340320587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4114099144935608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3807638883590698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3564440608024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34793704748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2653094232082367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2508828639984131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20405-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4716098","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5792635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5792635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5792635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:29386667","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29386667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4a0c40ab145940908f5f6edb38a2fedd","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4a0c40ab145940908f5f6edb38a2fedd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://open.metu.edu.tr:11511/48501","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11511/48501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402495","display_name":"OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I201799495","host_organization_name":"Middle East Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201799495"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20405-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20405-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806375907.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806375907.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551367267","https://openalex.org/W1578341820","https://openalex.org/W1596764140","https://openalex.org/W1641168338","https://openalex.org/W1966459618","https://openalex.org/W1967359049","https://openalex.org/W1971148882","https://openalex.org/W1975870649","https://openalex.org/W1980208069","https://openalex.org/W1987620126","https://openalex.org/W1996741959","https://openalex.org/W2000713091","https://openalex.org/W2008054201","https://openalex.org/W2008987831","https://openalex.org/W2009513801","https://openalex.org/W2019660720","https://openalex.org/W2019883289","https://openalex.org/W2024098541","https://openalex.org/W2024511983","https://openalex.org/W2027544870","https://openalex.org/W2049132385","https://openalex.org/W2065320577","https://openalex.org/W2067753836","https://openalex.org/W2084478959","https://openalex.org/W2090392602","https://openalex.org/W2092833307","https://openalex.org/W2096934953","https://openalex.org/W2099610951","https://openalex.org/W2114565143","https://openalex.org/W2128548048","https://openalex.org/W2128632045","https://openalex.org/W2144974915","https://openalex.org/W2146017699","https://openalex.org/W2146342294","https://openalex.org/W2157180524","https://openalex.org/W2169375118","https://openalex.org/W2252454315","https://openalex.org/W2340720760","https://openalex.org/W2415315093","https://openalex.org/W2434936715","https://openalex.org/W2465464268","https://openalex.org/W2481070413","https://openalex.org/W2600559032","https://openalex.org/W2610827583"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901872740","https://openalex.org/W2008054201","https://openalex.org/W1570851595","https://openalex.org/W3111675225","https://openalex.org/W2090392602","https://openalex.org/W4285330276","https://openalex.org/W1978019644","https://openalex.org/W2033191594","https://openalex.org/W2565885360","https://openalex.org/W2144471481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stability":[0],"of":[1,6,36,46,57,73,130,138],"opto-mechanical":[2],"phase":[3,109,139],"shifters":[4],"consisting":[5],"waveguides":[7],"and":[8,16,59,83,92,102,135],"non-signal":[9],"carrying":[10],"control":[11],"beams":[12,99],"is":[13,28,67],"investigated":[14],"thoroughly":[15],"a":[17],"formula":[18],"determining":[19],"the":[20,37,44,47,50,54,64,70,74,132,136],"physical":[21,34],"limitations":[22],"has":[23],"been":[24],"proposed.":[25],"Suggested":[26],"formulation":[27],"not":[29],"only":[30],"beneficial":[31],"to":[32,42,49,104,118],"determine":[33],"strength":[35],"system":[38,75],"but":[39],"also":[40,126],"advantageous":[41],"guess":[43],"response":[45],"output":[48],"fabrication":[51],"errors.":[52],"In":[53],"iterative":[55],"analysis":[56],"cantilever":[58,98],"double-clamped":[60,112],"beam":[61,113],"geometrical":[62],"configurations,":[63],"stability":[65],"condition":[66],"revealed":[68],"under":[69],"strong":[71],"inter-dependence":[72],"parameters":[76],"such":[77],"as":[78],"input":[79],"power,":[80],"device":[81,133],"length":[82],"waveguide":[84],"separation.":[85],"Numerical":[86],"calculations":[87],"involving":[88],"effective":[89],"index":[90],"modifications":[91],"opto-mechanic":[93],"movements":[94],"show":[95],"that":[96],"well-known":[97],"are":[100,125],"unstable":[101],"inadequate":[103],"generate":[105],"\u03c6":[106],"=":[107],"180\u00b0":[108],"difference,":[110],"while":[111],"structures":[114],"can":[115],"be":[116],"utilized":[117],"build":[119],"functional":[120],"devices.":[121],"Ideal":[122],"operation":[123],"conditions":[124],"presented":[127],"in":[128],"terms":[129],"both":[131],"durability":[134],"controllability":[137],"evolution.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}