{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2806359104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","title":"Differential Diagnosis of the Etiologies of Bacterial and Viral Infections Using Infrared Microscopy of Peripheral Human Blood Samples and Multivariate Analysis","display_name":"Differential Diagnosis of the Etiologies of Bacterial and Viral Infections Using Infrared Microscopy of Peripheral Human Blood Samples and Multivariate Analysis","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2806359104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","mag":"2806359104","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29869874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087336519","display_name":"Adam H. Agbaria","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam H. Agbaria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110562221","display_name":"Guy Beck Rosen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800633300","display_name":"Soroka Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/003sphj24","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800633300","https://openalex.org/I64767286"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guy Beck Rosen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800633300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002668439","display_name":"Itshak Lapidot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-3441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1066-3441"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119096390","display_name":"Afeka College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/05dhprc49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119096390"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itshak Lapidot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ACLP-Afeka Center for Language Processing, Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering, Tel-Aviv 69107, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ACLP-Afeka Center for Language Processing, Afeka Tel-Aviv Academic College of Engineering, Tel-Aviv 69107, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119096390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069015659","display_name":"Daniel H. Rich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-6529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-6529"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel H. Rich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103018083","display_name":"Mahmoud Huleihel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-9458","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-9458"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Huleihel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064286033","display_name":"Shaul Mordechai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-4633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6754-4633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaul Mordechai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028240974","display_name":"Ahmad Salman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-8648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-8648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129975082","display_name":"Sami Shamoon College of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/011aa4g29","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129975082"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Salman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, SCE-Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva 84100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-8648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, SCE-Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva 84100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129975082"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029328757","display_name":"Joseph Kapelushnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7182-7502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7182-7502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800633300","display_name":"Soroka Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/003sphj24","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800633300","https://openalex.org/I64767286"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Kapelushnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800633300"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028240974","https://openalex.org/A5064286033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911","https://openalex.org/I3129975082"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7978,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84935792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":"13","first_page":"7888","last_page":"7895"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-infection","display_name":"bacterial infection","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-diagnosis","display_name":"differential diagnosis","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mid-infrared-spectroscopy","display_name":"mid-infrared spectroscopy","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-blood","display_name":"peripheral blood","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocytes","display_name":"leukocytes","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma","display_name":"plasma","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"principal component analysis","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"linear discriminant analysis","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-diagnosis","display_name":"non-invasive diagnosis","score":0.5080000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.5180323719978333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4969234764575958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017910909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618363","display_name":"Peripheral blood","level":2,"score":0.45034900307655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.4102921783924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3872487545013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3435729146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.27554893493652344}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001424","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003937","descriptor_name":"Diagnosis, Differential","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007259","descriptor_name":"Infrared Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016002","descriptor_name":"Discriminant Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191963794","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry","issn_l":"0003-2700","issn":["0003-2700","1520-6882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29869874","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29869874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Analytical chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46695643","https://openalex.org/W113065353","https://openalex.org/W219655910","https://openalex.org/W1559442512","https://openalex.org/W1880672725","https://openalex.org/W1973187545","https://openalex.org/W1976691955","https://openalex.org/W1987459669","https://openalex.org/W1992612216","https://openalex.org/W1993159037","https://openalex.org/W1995373608","https://openalex.org/W2000431734","https://openalex.org/W2001117837","https://openalex.org/W2003712399","https://openalex.org/W2008209064","https://openalex.org/W2011055829","https://openalex.org/W2013484248","https://openalex.org/W2018956090","https://openalex.org/W2019611085","https://openalex.org/W2031167046","https://openalex.org/W2046434908","https://openalex.org/W2049397086","https://openalex.org/W2054681776","https://openalex.org/W2070906186","https://openalex.org/W2070928663","https://openalex.org/W2074019487","https://openalex.org/W2079816176","https://openalex.org/W2094690195","https://openalex.org/W2098661098","https://openalex.org/W2101584862","https://openalex.org/W2105131328","https://openalex.org/W2107260548","https://openalex.org/W2113203218","https://openalex.org/W2116659218","https://openalex.org/W2117717202","https://openalex.org/W2119500354","https://openalex.org/W2126011835","https://openalex.org/W2150077624","https://openalex.org/W2160769921","https://openalex.org/W2165131031","https://openalex.org/W2173533727","https://openalex.org/W2235264518","https://openalex.org/W2291612674","https://openalex.org/W2315664401","https://openalex.org/W2332201563","https://openalex.org/W2347049117","https://openalex.org/W2418525872","https://openalex.org/W2498923140","https://openalex.org/W2554082090","https://openalex.org/W2616316699","https://openalex.org/W2738619056","https://openalex.org/W2760612424","https://openalex.org/W4234655265","https://openalex.org/W4244494905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2962719905","https://openalex.org/W2612497549","https://openalex.org/W2977776727","https://openalex.org/W4411342481","https://openalex.org/W2898310640","https://openalex.org/W2132184453","https://openalex.org/W7135076582","https://openalex.org/W7095370196","https://openalex.org/W2073085129","https://openalex.org/W2012597124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"viral":[1,62,150,178,209],"and":[2,20,52,63,85,122,144,149,165,246],"bacterial":[3,64,148,180,207],"infections":[4,65,151],"are":[5,13,105],"responsible":[6],"for":[7,23,82,96,142,244,248],"a":[8,117,211],"variety":[9],"of":[10,18,32,40,69,74,77,99,102,129,137,147,174,214,221,242],"diseases":[11],"that":[12,229],"still":[14],"the":[15,26,29,33,67,75,97,100,103,110,135,138,170,202,219,222,235,252],"main":[16,127],"causes":[17],"death":[19],"economic":[21],"burden":[22],"society":[24],"across":[25],"globe.":[27],"Despite":[28],"different":[30],"responses":[31],"immune":[34],"system":[35],"to":[36,133,200,233],"these":[37,70],"infections,":[38],"some":[39,90],"them":[41],"have":[42],"similar":[43],"symptoms,":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46,206],"fever,":[47],"sneezing,":[48],"inflammation,":[49],"vomiting,":[50],"diarrhea,":[51],"fatigue.":[53],"Thus,":[54],"physicians":[55],"usually":[56,123],"encounter":[57],"difficulties":[58],"in":[59,89,113,210],"distinguishing":[60],"between":[61],"on":[66,108,153,251],"basis":[68],"symptoms.":[71],"Rapid":[72],"identification":[73,98,146],"etiology":[76],"infection":[78,104],"is":[79,116,231],"highly":[80],"important":[81],"effective":[83],"treatment":[84],"can":[86],"save":[87],"lives":[88],"cases.":[91],"The":[92,126,182],"current":[93],"methods":[94],"used":[95],"nature":[101],"mainly":[106],"based":[107,152,250],"growing":[109],"infective":[111],"agent":[112,204,237],"culture,":[114],"which":[115],"time-consuming":[118],"(over":[119],"24":[120],"h)":[121],"expensive":[124],"process.":[125],"objective":[128],"this":[130,159],"study":[131],"was":[132],"evaluate":[134],"potential":[136],"mid-infrared":[139],"spectroscopic":[140],"method":[141],"rapid":[143],"reliable":[145],"simple":[154],"peripheral":[155,171],"blood":[156,162,172,223],"samples.":[157],"For":[158],"purpose,":[160],"white":[161],"cells":[163],"(WBCs)":[164],"plasma":[166],"were":[167,185],"isolated":[168],"from":[169],"samples":[173],"patients":[175],"with":[176,238],"confirmed":[177],"or":[179,208],"infections.":[181],"obtained":[183],"spectra":[184],"analyzed":[186],"by":[187,195],"multivariate":[188],"analysis:":[189],"principle":[190],"component":[191],"analysis":[192,198],"(PCA)":[193],"followed":[194],"linear":[196],"discriminant":[197],"(LDA),":[199],"identify":[201],"infectious":[203,236],"type":[205],"time":[212],"span":[213],"about":[215],"1":[216],"h":[217],"after":[218],"collection":[220],"sample.":[224],"Our":[225],"preliminary":[226],"results":[227],"showed":[228],"it":[230],"possible":[232],"determine":[234],"high":[239],"success":[240],"rates":[241],"82%":[243],"sensitivity":[245],"80%":[247],"specificity,":[249],"WBC":[253],"data.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}