{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2806033474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","title":"Determinants of foreign direct investment ownership mode choice: Evidence from Nordic investments in Central and Eastern Europe","display_name":"Determinants of foreign direct investment ownership mode choice: Evidence from Nordic investments in Central and Eastern Europe","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2806033474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","mag":"2806033474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","pdf_url":"http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91071628","display_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","issn_l":"0949-6181","issn":["0949-6181","1862-0019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313688","host_organization_name":"Rainer Hampp Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313688"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rainer Hampp Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038016568","display_name":"Jorma Antero Larimo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-1853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-1853"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["EE","FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorma Larimo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jorma Larimo , Professor, Department of Marketing , Faculty of Business Studies , University of Vaasa , Finland, and","Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland, and Faculty of Economics and Business Administration,","Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland","University of Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jorma Larimo , Professor, Department of Marketing , Faculty of Business Studies , University of Vaasa , Finland, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland, and Faculty of Economics and Business Administration,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055467779","display_name":"Ahmad Arslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-8397","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-8397"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79765343","display_name":"University of Vaasa","ror":"https://ror.org/03769b225","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]}],"countries":["EE","FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Arslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland, and Faculty of Economics and Business Administration,","Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland","University of Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland, and Faculty of Economics and Business Administration,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vaasa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79765343"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3322,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93955744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"232","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"foreign direct investment","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-ventures","display_name":"joint ventures","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidiaries","display_name":"subsidiaries","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nordic-firms","display_name":"Nordic firms","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-and-eastern-europe","display_name":"Central and Eastern Europe","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-cost-economics","display_name":"transaction cost economics","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-based-view","display_name":"resource-based view","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-theory","display_name":"institutional theory","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-intensity","display_name":"R&D intensity","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-size","display_name":"economic size","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-variety","display_name":"product variety","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-experience","display_name":"international experience","score":0.9810000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.7942550182342529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777606202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16389571","display_name":"East-Central Europe","level":3,"score":0.647304117679596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5043236017227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.461139053106308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.3585026264190674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.30723321437835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2557961642742157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.06484830379486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.058845728635787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.053921908140182495}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","pdf_url":"http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91071628","display_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","issn_l":"0949-6181","issn":["0949-6181","1862-0019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313688","host_organization_name":"Rainer Hampp Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313688"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rainer Hampp Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nms:joeems:doi_10.1688/1862-0019_jeems_2013_02_larimo","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/113682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/113682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232","pdf_url":"http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/10.5771/0949-6181-2013-2-232.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91071628","display_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","issn_l":"0949-6181","issn":["0949-6181","1862-0019"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313688","host_organization_name":"Rainer Hampp Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313688"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Rainer Hampp Verlag"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of East European Management Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806033474.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2806033474.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W334855161","https://openalex.org/W350493948","https://openalex.org/W574695236","https://openalex.org/W634911892","https://openalex.org/W645048307","https://openalex.org/W1260594065","https://openalex.org/W1486004770","https://openalex.org/W1491794515","https://openalex.org/W1499170180","https://openalex.org/W1499979576","https://openalex.org/W1510265308","https://openalex.org/W1512469228","https://openalex.org/W1572730284","https://openalex.org/W1585518333","https://openalex.org/W1923879643","https://openalex.org/W1964950539","https://openalex.org/W1973275355","https://openalex.org/W1974397356","https://openalex.org/W1975081015","https://openalex.org/W1976250633","https://openalex.org/W1978311462","https://openalex.org/W1978758992","https://openalex.org/W1979511006","https://openalex.org/W1981965782","https://openalex.org/W1982310650","https://openalex.org/W1982620861","https://openalex.org/W1983203400","https://openalex.org/W1983225417","https://openalex.org/W1990439125","https://openalex.org/W1990631438","https://openalex.org/W1993307154","https://openalex.org/W1994046048","https://openalex.org/W1994949856","https://openalex.org/W1998187041","https://openalex.org/W1999113132","https://openalex.org/W2005254649","https://openalex.org/W2007924864","https://openalex.org/W2011805535","https://openalex.org/W2011831337","https://openalex.org/W2017969539","https://openalex.org/W2021020706","https://openalex.org/W2024235426","https://openalex.org/W2024990804","https://openalex.org/W2025061241","https://openalex.org/W2025604450","https://openalex.org/W2031446257","https://openalex.org/W2032332095","https://openalex.org/W2034683197","https://openalex.org/W2036325380","https://openalex.org/W2038203005","https://openalex.org/W2039177601","https://openalex.org/W2039717151","https://openalex.org/W2039875336","https://openalex.org/W2040185617","https://openalex.org/W2048997388","https://openalex.org/W2050766092","https://openalex.org/W2055015309","https://openalex.org/W2063041860","https://openalex.org/W2064560940","https://openalex.org/W2065611358","https://openalex.org/W2076788831","https://openalex.org/W2078186983","https://openalex.org/W2082006326","https://openalex.org/W2082044260","https://openalex.org/W2082528213","https://openalex.org/W2083344634","https://openalex.org/W2085067690","https://openalex.org/W2100395418","https://openalex.org/W2103187496","https://openalex.org/W2104303789","https://openalex.org/W2122929840","https://openalex.org/W2125304404","https://openalex.org/W2128342875","https://openalex.org/W2129971334","https://openalex.org/W2137611911","https://openalex.org/W2144208465","https://openalex.org/W2153522882","https://openalex.org/W2156084235","https://openalex.org/W2157055668","https://openalex.org/W2159000233","https://openalex.org/W2164203096","https://openalex.org/W2169197562","https://openalex.org/W2260277713","https://openalex.org/W2299067047","https://openalex.org/W2338384245","https://openalex.org/W2599865071","https://openalex.org/W2797329285","https://openalex.org/W2809341980","https://openalex.org/W2902261726","https://openalex.org/W2970218688","https://openalex.org/W3121137670","https://openalex.org/W3122093892","https://openalex.org/W3124055564","https://openalex.org/W3124725125","https://openalex.org/W3138377669","https://openalex.org/W3159378964","https://openalex.org/W4235078838","https://openalex.org/W4237087098","https://openalex.org/W4250291717","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4298168075","https://openalex.org/W4300885073","https://openalex.org/W4383905550","https://openalex.org/W4390076418","https://openalex.org/W4391796798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2260877084","https://openalex.org/W3004527489","https://openalex.org/W6990513311","https://openalex.org/W6927929910","https://openalex.org/W2509517324","https://openalex.org/W986385772","https://openalex.org/W2946756559","https://openalex.org/W1988648142","https://openalex.org/W186874076","https://openalex.org/W7038152439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,48,62,69,74,77,91,121],"determinants":[4,126],"of":[5,13,28,43,73,76,116,127],"foreign":[6],"direct":[7],"investment":[8],"(FDI)":[9],"ownership":[10,128],"mode":[11,129],"choice":[12,130],"firms":[14,49],"in":[15,55,90,120,177,224],"Central":[16],"and":[17,38,86,114],"Eastern":[18],"Europe":[19],"(CEE)":[20],"based":[21,36],"on":[22],"three":[23],"most":[24],"important":[25],"theoretical":[26],"paradigms":[27],"IB":[29],"studies":[30],"i.e.":[31],"transaction":[32],"cost":[33],"economics,":[34],"resource":[35],"view":[37],"institutional":[39],"theory.The":[40],"empirical":[41],"analysis":[42,96],"720":[44,168],"FDIs":[45,100,108],"made":[46,101,109],"by":[47,68],"from":[50],"all":[51],"four":[52],"Nordic":[53,132],"countries":[54],"CEE":[56],"region":[57],"during":[58,102,110],"1990-2007":[59],"revealed":[60,97],"that":[61,98],"probability":[63],"WOS":[64],"formation":[65],"was":[66],"increased":[67],"high":[70,87],"R&D":[71],"intensity":[72],"industry":[75],"investment,":[78],"low":[79],"target":[80,92,122],"country":[81,123],"risk,":[82],"large":[83],"economic":[84,88],"size":[85],"growth":[89],"country.The":[93],"further":[94],"in-depth":[95],"for":[99,107,131],"1990s,":[103],"product":[104],"diversity;":[105],"while":[106],"2000s,":[111],"international":[112],"experience":[113],"strength":[115],"market":[117],"conforming":[118],"values":[119],"became":[124],"significant":[125],"FDIs.":[133],"Dieser":[134],"Artikel":[135],"befasst":[136],"sich":[137,220],"mit":[138],"den":[139,173,225],"Determinanten":[140],"der":[141,157,163,188,196,201,210,216],"Markteintrittsform":[142,241],"von":[143,146,167,170,190,234],"ausl\u00e4ndischen":[144],"Direktinvestitionen":[145,169,214],"Unternehmen":[147,171],"inMittel-und":[148],"Osteuropa,":[149],"basierend":[150],"auf":[151],"drei":[152],"zentralen":[153],"theoretischen":[154],"Paradigmen,":[155],"n\u00e4mlich":[156],"Transaktionskostentheorie,":[158],"dem":[159],"Ressourcen-basierten":[160],"Ansatz":[161],"und":[162,182,206,223,231],"Institutionen-Theorie.Die":[164],"empirische":[165],"Analyse":[166],"aus":[172],"vier":[174],"nordischen":[175],"L\u00e4ndern":[176],"Mittel-und":[178],"Osteuropa":[179],"zwischen":[180],"1990":[181],"2007":[183],"ergab,":[184],"dass":[185],"die":[186,193,221,228,232,240],"Wahrscheinlichkeit":[187],"Bildung":[189],"Tochtergesellschaften":[191],"durch":[192],"hohe":[194],"F&E-Intensit\u00e4t":[195],"Branche,":[197],"ein":[198,207],"niedriges":[199],"Risiko":[200],"Ziell\u00e4nder,":[202],"eine":[203],"gro\u00dfe":[204],"Wirtschaft":[205],"gro\u00dfes":[208],"Wirtschaftswachstum":[209],"Ziell\u00e4nder":[211],"steigt.F\u00fcr":[212],"ausl\u00e4ndische":[213],"w\u00e4hrend":[215],"1990er":[217],"Jahre":[218],"erwiesen":[219],"Produktvielfalt":[222],"2000er":[226],"Jahren":[227],"internationale":[229],"Erfahrung":[230],"St\u00e4rke":[233],"marktkonformen":[235],"Werten":[236],"im":[237],"Zielland":[238],"f\u00fcr":[239],"als":[242],"ausschlaggebend.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}