{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2805764645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","title":"The impact of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in defending legal challenges to tobacco control measures","display_name":"The impact of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in defending legal challenges to tobacco control measures","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2805764645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","mag":"2805764645","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29860233","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6589463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","pdf_url":"https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/Suppl_2/s113.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149729710","display_name":"Tobacco Control","issn_l":"0964-4563","issn":["0964-4563","1468-3318"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tobacco Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/Suppl_2/s113.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013162882","display_name":"Suzanne Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8308-5211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8308-5211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196466984","display_name":"Cancer Council Victoria","ror":"https://ror.org/023m51b03","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196466984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140394","display_name":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/031a8k913","country_code":"AU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne Y Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196466984","https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060160181","display_name":"Jonathan D Liberman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140394","display_name":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/031a8k913","country_code":"AU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan D Liberman","raw_affiliation_strings":["McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002595567","display_name":"Evita Ricafort","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0009-9018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0009-9018"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140394","display_name":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/031a8k913","country_code":"AU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evita Ricafort","raw_affiliation_strings":["McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Manila, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, Manila, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140394"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013162882"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196466984","https://openalex.org/I4210140394"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5676,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89151669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"Suppl 2","first_page":"s113","last_page":"s118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12816","display_name":"Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology","score":0.8726000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12816","display_name":"Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology","score":0.8726000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.08299999684095383,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.012299999594688416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/who-framework-convention-on-tobacco-control","display_name":"Framework Convention on Tobacco Control","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-control-measures","display_name":"tobacco control measures","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-litigation","display_name":"tobacco litigation","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-decisions","display_name":"judicial decisions","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-human-rights","display_name":"international human rights","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-law","display_name":"public health law","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-control","display_name":"tobacco control","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780832096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005010","display_name":"Tobacco control","level":3,"score":0.8890224695205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.5811343193054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5596851706504822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4760322868824005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.4466019570827484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4369317293167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.42922890186309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3277479410171509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.32185935974121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3170645833015442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1088743507862091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09697464108467102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.06595027446746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000074606","descriptor_name":"Smoking Prevention","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019460","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Industry","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","pdf_url":"https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/Suppl_2/s113.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149729710","display_name":"Tobacco Control","issn_l":"0964-4563","issn":["0964-4563","1468-3318"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tobacco Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6589463","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6589463","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tob Control","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:29860233","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29860233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tobacco control","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jupiter.its.unimelb.edu.au:11343/277589","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11343/277589","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11343/277589","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196259","display_name":"Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","host_organization_name":"The University of Melbourne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:tobaccocontrol:28/Suppl_2/s113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/28/Suppl_2/s113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/b0ngf-sen17","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/b0ngf-sen17","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/b0ngf-sen17","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.60692/sqcvk-y6127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.60692/sqcvk-y6127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.60692/sqcvk-y6127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051682","display_name":"Greater South Information System","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054329","pdf_url":"https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/tobaccocontrol/28/Suppl_2/s113.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149729710","display_name":"Tobacco Control","issn_l":"0964-4563","issn":["0964-4563","1468-3318"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tobacco Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320432","display_name":"Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/023wsvq95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322220","display_name":"Department of Health and Aged Care, Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/02swcnz29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805764645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805764645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147095577","https://openalex.org/W2156289071","https://openalex.org/W2203825742","https://openalex.org/W2292058746","https://openalex.org/W2485046473","https://openalex.org/W2509007950","https://openalex.org/W2511744775","https://openalex.org/W2588832356","https://openalex.org/W3125585745","https://openalex.org/W4210433968","https://openalex.org/W4246478058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000518917","https://openalex.org/W3086651676","https://openalex.org/W2147095577","https://openalex.org/W4214883518","https://openalex.org/W2791524566","https://openalex.org/W2301857235","https://openalex.org/W2947247012","https://openalex.org/W4253214717","https://openalex.org/W2591772416","https://openalex.org/W2483706286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Since":[1],"the":[2,13,27,56,61,65,97,106,109,116,121,124,141,161,178,183,186,200,206,241],"WHO":[3,57,66,98,110,117,128,142,179,242],"Framework":[4],"Convention":[5],"on":[6,36,167],"Tobacco":[7],"Control's":[8],"(FCTC)":[9],"entry":[10],"into":[11],"force,":[12],"tobacco":[14,20,42,88,262],"industry":[15],"has":[16,68,244,253,267],"initiated":[17],"litigation":[18,35],"challenging":[19],"control":[21,43,89,263],"measures":[22,44],"implemented":[23],"by":[24,192],"governments":[25,48,191],"around":[26],"world,":[28],"or":[29,93,221,229,236],"supported":[30],"others":[31],"to":[32,63,72,87,120,182,258],"initiate":[33],"such":[34,46],"its":[37,164],"behalf.":[38],"In":[39,172],"defending":[40,272],"their":[41,51,101],"against":[45,75],"litigation,":[47],"have":[49],"invoked":[50],"obligations":[52],"and":[53,100,138,155,166,226,266],"rights":[54,225],"under":[55],"FCTC.":[58],"We":[59,79,103],"assess":[60],"extent":[62],"which":[64],"FCTC":[67,99,111,118,129,143,180,243],"provided":[69],"legal":[70,76,85,195,264],"weight":[71],"governments'":[73,269],"defences":[74],"challenge.":[77,171],"METHODS:":[78],"reviewed":[80,105],"96":[81],"court":[82,248],"decisions":[83,249],"concerning":[84],"challenges":[86,265],"measures,":[90,198],"determining":[91],"whether":[92,228],"not":[94,139,230],"they":[95],"cited":[96,131,246],"outcomes.":[102],"then":[104],"cases":[107,159,173],"where":[108,174],"was":[112,130,176],"cited,":[113,177],"analysing":[114],"how":[115],"contributed":[119,181],"resolution":[122,184],"of":[123,149,153,157,170,185,190,210],"case.":[125],"RESULTS:":[126],"The":[127,239],"in":[132,147,163,188,208,247,261,271],"45":[133],"decisions.":[134],"Decisions":[135],"both":[136],"citing":[137,140],"were":[144],"largely":[145],"decided":[146],"favour":[148,189,209],"governments,":[150],"with":[151],"80%":[152],"WHO-FCTC-citing":[154],"67%":[156],"non-WHO-FCTC-citing":[158],"upholding":[160],"measure":[162,219,232],"entirety":[165],"every":[168],"ground":[169],"it":[175,252],"case":[187],"providing":[193],"a":[194,211,218,231,255],"basis":[196],"for":[197],"demonstrating":[199,205,213,216,227],"measure's":[201],"public":[202],"health":[203],"purpose,":[204],"evidence":[207],"measure,":[212],"international":[214],"consensus,":[215],"that":[217,251],"promotes":[220],"protects":[222],"health-related":[223],"human":[224],"is":[233],"reasonable,":[234],"proportionate":[235],"justifiable.":[237],"CONCLUSIONS:":[238],"way":[240],"been":[245],"suggests":[250],"made":[254],"substantial":[256],"contribution":[257],"courts'":[259],"reasoning":[260],"strengthened":[268],"arguments":[270],"litigation.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2018-06-13T00:00:00"}