{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2804848577","doi":null,"title":"Macular pigment in monozygotic twins","display_name":"Macular pigment in monozygotic twins","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2804848577","mag":"2804848577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholars.unh.edu:dissertation-2782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1783","pdf_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2782&context=dissertation","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196362","display_name":"University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I179093154","host_organization_name":"University of New Hampshire at Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179093154"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2782&context=dissertation","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082102116","display_name":"Billy Randall Hammond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Billy R. Hammond","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082102116"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.7440999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.7440999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.2142000049352646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10691","display_name":"Retinal Development and Disorders","score":0.0071000000461936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-pigment","display_name":"macular pigment","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lutein","display_name":"lutein","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zeaxanthin","display_name":"zeaxanthin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoids","display_name":"carotenoids","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monozygotic-twins","display_name":"monozygotic twins","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-carotenoid-intake","display_name":"dietary carotenoid intake","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterochromatic-flicker-photometry","display_name":"heterochromatic flicker photometry","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foveal-sensitivity","display_name":"foveal sensitivity","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoid-metabolism","display_name":"carotenoid metabolism","score":0.8619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.44187644124031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.4368101954460144}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholars.unh.edu:dissertation-2782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1783","pdf_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2782&context=dissertation","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196362","display_name":"University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I179093154","host_organization_name":"University of New Hampshire at Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179093154"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2804848577","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2782&context=dissertation","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholars.unh.edu:dissertation-2782","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1783","pdf_url":"https://scholars.unh.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2782&context=dissertation","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196362","display_name":"University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I179093154","host_organization_name":"University of New Hampshire at Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179093154"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804848577.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804848577.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":136,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8854568","https://openalex.org/W35958408","https://openalex.org/W53904463","https://openalex.org/W58377267","https://openalex.org/W72351626","https://openalex.org/W83202565","https://openalex.org/W114924829","https://openalex.org/W123685675","https://openalex.org/W126033127","https://openalex.org/W126063313","https://openalex.org/W134311307","https://openalex.org/W151625338","https://openalex.org/W152655387","https://openalex.org/W172046951","https://openalex.org/W175085665","https://openalex.org/W176717933","https://openalex.org/W190399127","https://openalex.org/W846308343","https://openalex.org/W1214309681","https://openalex.org/W1480780926","https://openalex.org/W1522650749","https://openalex.org/W1551637284","https://openalex.org/W1577290027","https://openalex.org/W1586961096","https://openalex.org/W1821479852","https://openalex.org/W1841375473","https://openalex.org/W1905516704","https://openalex.org/W1915954307","https://openalex.org/W1919546919","https://openalex.org/W1923407962","https://openalex.org/W1936068809","https://openalex.org/W1946416087","https://openalex.org/W1946863718","https://openalex.org/W1952543526","https://openalex.org/W1967507509","https://openalex.org/W1970830611","https://openalex.org/W1971690372","https://openalex.org/W1971989159","https://openalex.org/W1976935136","https://openalex.org/W1977720404","https://openalex.org/W1981586774","https://openalex.org/W1982873820","https://openalex.org/W1985563432","https://openalex.org/W1986613297","https://openalex.org/W1989374349","https://openalex.org/W1989489605","https://openalex.org/W1991224681","https://openalex.org/W1994489459","https://openalex.org/W1996226745","https://openalex.org/W1997276135","https://openalex.org/W1999613394","https://openalex.org/W2003652972","https://openalex.org/W2003965310","https://openalex.org/W2005432983","https://openalex.org/W2006566199","https://openalex.org/W2007365130","https://openalex.org/W2009044680","https://openalex.org/W2009231795","https://openalex.org/W2011741911","https://openalex.org/W2016060441","https://openalex.org/W2016200686","https://openalex.org/W2018912281","https://openalex.org/W2025519432","https://openalex.org/W2026208796","https://openalex.org/W2026735889","https://openalex.org/W2026792536","https://openalex.org/W2028783366","https://openalex.org/W2030501798","https://openalex.org/W2030867513","https://openalex.org/W2030901321","https://openalex.org/W2031431492","https://openalex.org/W2032677694","https://openalex.org/W2032762015","https://openalex.org/W2033090591","https://openalex.org/W2038778321","https://openalex.org/W2043036235","https://openalex.org/W2043050015","https://openalex.org/W2044487640","https://openalex.org/W2045180417","https://openalex.org/W2045663079","https://openalex.org/W2046661820","https://openalex.org/W2046876774","https://openalex.org/W2049589998","https://openalex.org/W2050669996","https://openalex.org/W2052601971","https://openalex.org/W2053229392","https://openalex.org/W2055344723","https://openalex.org/W2056242653","https://openalex.org/W2065638582","https://openalex.org/W2066097607","https://openalex.org/W2067199976","https://openalex.org/W2072808128","https://openalex.org/W2075728904","https://openalex.org/W2077025763","https://openalex.org/W2077043144","https://openalex.org/W2077492947","https://openalex.org/W2078987664","https://openalex.org/W2087666894","https://openalex.org/W2087964153","https://openalex.org/W2088192211","https://openalex.org/W2088528950","https://openalex.org/W2093839516","https://openalex.org/W2095986115","https://openalex.org/W2096926081","https://openalex.org/W2098130011","https://openalex.org/W2100917593","https://openalex.org/W2102160935","https://openalex.org/W2102446763","https://openalex.org/W2112126613","https://openalex.org/W2112694631","https://openalex.org/W2113899863","https://openalex.org/W2115592253","https://openalex.org/W2134654456","https://openalex.org/W2138986142","https://openalex.org/W2139299519","https://openalex.org/W2144094470","https://openalex.org/W2147440920","https://openalex.org/W2153453628","https://openalex.org/W2153608244","https://openalex.org/W2157320224","https://openalex.org/W2158797406","https://openalex.org/W2159947338","https://openalex.org/W2166433794","https://openalex.org/W2167600371","https://openalex.org/W2168303064","https://openalex.org/W2184129581","https://openalex.org/W2266287520","https://openalex.org/W2266587139","https://openalex.org/W2278963522","https://openalex.org/W2333574983","https://openalex.org/W2418583349","https://openalex.org/W2424429249","https://openalex.org/W2741044455","https://openalex.org/W4239077721","https://openalex.org/W4249247927","https://openalex.org/W4300576851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082105060","https://openalex.org/W2612625629","https://openalex.org/W4321260360","https://openalex.org/W3154791355","https://openalex.org/W4321260130","https://openalex.org/W126033127","https://openalex.org/W1996614515","https://openalex.org/W2106618036","https://openalex.org/W2066034006","https://openalex.org/W138633476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Differences":[0],"in":[1,33,59,92,112,129,150,199],"the":[2,38,48,57,63,68,83,101,113,117,130,155,189,195,215,222],"optical":[3,84],"density":[4,85,95,153,175],"of":[5,11,22,41,82,86,100,116,133,179,197,218,229],"macular":[6,54,87,93,151,162,173,201,219],"pigment":[7,94,152,163,174,202,220],"between":[8,148,172],"ten":[9,102],"pairs":[10],"identical":[12],"twins":[13],"were":[14,27,96,107],"examined.":[15],"Foveal":[16],"and":[17,24,50,70,127,154,157,165,176,213],"parafoveal":[18],"sensitivities":[19],"to":[20,62,76,110],"lights":[21],"460":[23,64],"530":[25,77],"nm":[26,65],"measured":[28,121],"by":[29,122,137,226],"heterochromatic":[30],"flicker":[31],"photometry":[32],"five":[34,99],"separate":[35],"sessions":[36],"for":[37,53,67,98],"right":[39],"eye":[40,223],"each":[42],"twin.":[43],"These":[44,105],"two":[45],"wavelengths":[46],"represent":[47],"maximum":[49],"minimum":[51],"absorbance":[52],"pigment.":[55,88],"Taking":[56],"difference":[58],"log":[60],"sensitivity":[61],"light":[66],"fovea":[69],"parafovea,":[71],"after":[72],"normalizing":[73],"with":[74],"respect":[75],"nm,":[78],"yields":[79],"a":[80,138,143,167,177,227],"measurement":[81],"Statistically":[89],"significant":[90],"differences":[91,106,111,128,149],"found":[97,147,171],"twin":[103],"pairs.":[104],"then":[108],"related":[109],"carotenoid":[114,185,236],"content":[115],"subject's":[118],"serum":[119,156],"(as":[120,135],"reverse-phase":[123],"high-performance":[124],"liquid":[125],"chromatography)":[126],"dietary":[131,139,158],"intake":[132],"carotenoids":[134,159],"assessed":[136],"questionnaire).":[140],"While":[141],"only":[142],"small":[144],"relationship":[145,169,210],"was":[146,170],"that":[160,183,208,214],"compose":[161],"(lutein":[164],"zeaxanthin),":[166],"systematic":[168],"number":[178,228],"other":[180,230],"diet":[181,198,231],"variables":[182,232],"influence":[184],"metabolism.":[186],"Taken":[187],"together,":[188],"data":[190],"support":[191],"earlier":[192],"research":[193],"on":[194],"importance":[196],"determining":[200],"levels.":[203],"However,":[204],"it":[205],"is":[206,211,224],"likely":[207],"this":[209],"complex":[212],"eventual":[216],"deposition":[217],"within":[221],"influenced":[225],"rather":[233],"than":[234],"simply":[235],"intake.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-06-01T00:00:00"}