{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2803200428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","title":"Lean and agile in small- and medium-sized enterprises: Complementary or incompatible?","display_name":"Lean and agile in small- and medium-sized enterprises: Complementary or incompatible?","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2803200428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","mag":"2803200428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","pdf_url":"https://sajbm.org/index.php/sajbm/article/download/11/196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215964","display_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","issn_l":"2078-5585","issn":["2078-5585","2078-5976"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","dhet","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://sajbm.org/index.php/sajbm/article/download/11/196","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033218811","display_name":"Neeshal. Gurahoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1398-1883","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1398-1883"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeshal Gurahoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, School of Management, University of\nKwaZulu-Natal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1398-1883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, School of Management, University of\nKwaZulu-Natal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073946751","display_name":"Roger Hans Salisbury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-239X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-239X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger H. Salisbury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, School of Management, University of\nKwaZulu-Natal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Marketing and Supply Chain Management, School of Management, University of\nKwaZulu-Natal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"],"apc_list":{"value":11968,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":650},"apc_paid":{"value":11968,"currency":"ZAR","value_usd":650},"fwci":4.5274,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93959777,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12594","display_name":"Collaboration in agile enterprises","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13706","display_name":"Management and Optimization Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lean-supply-chain","display_name":"lean supply chain","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-agility","display_name":"supply chain agility","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lean-implementation","display_name":"lean implementation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/just-in-time-purchasing","display_name":"just-in-time purchasing","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stockouts","display_name":"stockouts","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-time","display_name":"lead time","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-integration","display_name":"process integration","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-collaboration","display_name":"supply chain collaboration","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agile-enterprise","display_name":"agile enterprise","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-african-smes","display_name":"South African SMEs","score":0.8849999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7039836645126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137335462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380772","display_name":"Lean manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.6711831092834473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5923147201538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.5895361304283142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.5701256394386292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.5686525702476501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.5436543226242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82740854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509472","display_name":"Lean project management","level":3,"score":0.5391270518302917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5287313461303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169257142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509462","display_name":"Lean laboratory","level":5,"score":0.467422217130661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.45264625549316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199561411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665555","display_name":"Lean software development","level":5,"score":0.4111021161079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3947893977165222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.38354435563087463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3830190896987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.33055877685546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2635331451892853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12104293704032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0855180025100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","pdf_url":"https://sajbm.org/index.php/sajbm/article/download/11/196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215964","display_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","issn_l":"2078-5585","issn":["2078-5585","2078-5976"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","dhet","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f22d1f95bdf4829a2a6f36a0f283d02","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f22d1f95bdf4829a2a6f36a0f283d02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Business Management, Vol 49, Iss 1, Pp e1-e9 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/218668","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/218668","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v49i1.11","pdf_url":"https://sajbm.org/index.php/sajbm/article/download/11/196","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215964","display_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","issn_l":"2078-5585","issn":["2078-5585","2078-5976"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","cwts-core","dhet","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315322","host_organization_name":"AOSIS","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AOSIS"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"South African Journal of Business Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5263000130653381}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5400000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2803200428.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2803200428.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W958783759","https://openalex.org/W1451422697","https://openalex.org/W1519000507","https://openalex.org/W1520843661","https://openalex.org/W1652977508","https://openalex.org/W1963774948","https://openalex.org/W1973244679","https://openalex.org/W1977006133","https://openalex.org/W1984103729","https://openalex.org/W1995732834","https://openalex.org/W1999208166","https://openalex.org/W2000602323","https://openalex.org/W2009015215","https://openalex.org/W2016290207","https://openalex.org/W2022669314","https://openalex.org/W2028605842","https://openalex.org/W2029213693","https://openalex.org/W2041132689","https://openalex.org/W2042324590","https://openalex.org/W2049291426","https://openalex.org/W2054816171","https://openalex.org/W2055528486","https://openalex.org/W2056029973","https://openalex.org/W2058198298","https://openalex.org/W2063489969","https://openalex.org/W2082524810","https://openalex.org/W2118223981","https://openalex.org/W2130710559","https://openalex.org/W2133592506","https://openalex.org/W2133766618","https://openalex.org/W2135089766","https://openalex.org/W2140508185","https://openalex.org/W2144022350","https://openalex.org/W2168229645","https://openalex.org/W2288698320","https://openalex.org/W2494449776","https://openalex.org/W2612451886","https://openalex.org/W2786206491","https://openalex.org/W2798301035","https://openalex.org/W4236602372"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2988022590","https://openalex.org/W4366581765","https://openalex.org/W2947906157","https://openalex.org/W4403706807","https://openalex.org/W4410096800","https://openalex.org/W1548698899","https://openalex.org/W2368290461","https://openalex.org/W286003347","https://openalex.org/W4238213956","https://openalex.org/W3049301829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"This":[1,218],"study":[2,80],"explores":[3],"the":[4,7,15,48,56,92,109,224],"relationship":[5],"between":[6],"implementation":[8],"of":[9,17,47,59,70,76,85,94,161,194],"lean":[10,77,112,129,198,208,225],"supply":[11,49,63],"chain":[12,50],"management":[13],"and":[14,20,62,108,140,154,182],"agility":[16],"manufacturing":[18,113],"small-":[19],"medium-sized":[21],"enterprises":[22],"(SMEs).":[23],"Although":[24],"some":[25],"studies":[26],"have":[27,122,175],"suggested":[28],"that":[29,39,187,204,227],"these":[30,86],"two":[31,71],"approaches":[32],"are":[33,209],"mutually":[34],"exclusive,":[35],"other":[36],"research":[37],"finds":[38],"they":[40],"may":[41,52,189],"be":[42,53,89,190],"applied":[43],"to":[44,82,121,174,206,213,233],"different":[45,74],"parts":[46],"or":[51],"compatible":[54],"through":[55],"common":[57],"elements":[58],"process":[60],"integration":[61],"chain-wide":[64],"collaboration.":[65],"Objectives:":[66],"Through":[67],"an":[68,215],"investigation":[69],"companies":[72,151],"at":[73,105],"stages":[75],"implementation,":[78],"this":[79,141,188],"sought":[81],"establish":[83],"which":[84],"paradigms":[87],"might":[88],"applicable":[90],"in":[91,197,231],"context":[93],"South":[95],"African":[96],"SMEs.":[97,149],"Method:":[98],"Semi-structured":[99],"interviews":[100],"were":[101],"conducted":[102],"with":[103],"managers":[104],"both":[106],"companies,":[107],"progress":[110,126,196],"towards":[111,127],"was":[114,119,142,172,202],"probed.":[115],"Results:":[116],"Company":[117,132,170],"B":[118,171],"found":[120,173],"made":[123],"considerably":[124],"more":[125],"a":[128,145,165,176,191,210,221],"system":[130],"than":[131],"A.":[133],"Neither":[134],"company":[135],"had":[136],"achieved":[137],"just-in-time":[138],"purchasing,":[139],"identified":[143],"as":[144],"challenging":[146],"aspect":[147],"for":[148,167,179],"Both":[150],"experienced":[152],"stockouts":[153],"long":[155],"lead":[156],"times.":[157],"The":[158],"volatile":[159],"nature":[160],"their":[162],"markets":[163],"indicated":[164],"need":[166],"greater":[168,177,195],"agility.":[169,235],"potential":[178],"speed,":[180],"flexibility":[181],"response.":[183],"It":[184,201],"is":[185],"proposed":[186],"direct":[192],"consequence":[193],"implementation.":[199],"Conclusion:":[200],"concluded":[203],"strategies":[205],"implement":[207],"necessary":[211],"prelude":[212],"achieving":[214],"agile":[216],"enterprise.":[217],"article":[219],"presents":[220],"model":[222],"incorporating":[223],"principles":[226],"SMEs":[228],"should":[229],"adopt":[230],"order":[232],"achieve":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2018-06-01T00:00:00"}