{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2802278112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","title":"Courage in the workplace: The effects of organizational level and gender on the relationship between behavioral courage and job performance","display_name":"Courage in the workplace: The effects of organizational level and gender on the relationship between behavioral courage and job performance","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2802278112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","mag":"2802278112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/jmo.2018.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8124760","display_name":"Journal of Management & Organization","issn_l":"1324-3209","issn":["1324-3209","1833-3672","1839-3527"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management & Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025004755","display_name":"Oleksandr Tkachenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5347-7334","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5347-7334"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oleksandr Tkachenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Organization, Information & Learning Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Organization, Information & Learning Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003083221","display_name":"Louis Neumann Quast","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9774-6284","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9774-6284"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louis N. Quast","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101684250","display_name":"Wei Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-7664","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-7664"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053533618","display_name":"Soebin Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-4629","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-4629"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soebin Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025004755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4315,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93600023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"5","first_page":"899","last_page":"915"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14513","display_name":"Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14513","display_name":"Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14436","display_name":"Employee Performance and Leadership","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-performance","display_name":"employee performance","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levels-of-organization","display_name":"levels of organization","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managers","display_name":"managers","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership","display_name":"leadership","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-resource-development","display_name":"human resource development","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderating-effect","display_name":"moderating effect","score":0.6539999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776911728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208160","display_name":"Courage","level":2,"score":0.9642196893692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7626059055328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5794331431388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174954385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206740","display_name":"Job performance","level":3,"score":0.5451152324676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39214371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19483216","display_name":"Organizational behavior","level":2,"score":0.47472724318504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83030740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267236","display_name":"Organizational commitment","level":2,"score":0.4310492277145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.36805495619773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2718322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629463","display_name":"Job satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.16070932149887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11823338270187378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/jmo.2018.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8124760","display_name":"Journal of Management & Organization","issn_l":"1324-3209","issn":["1324-3209","1833-3672","1839-3527"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-4","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Management & Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cup:jomorg:v:26:y:2020:i:5:p:899-915_15","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1833367218000123/type/journal_article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309636","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W598947982","https://openalex.org/W619984332","https://openalex.org/W1509200966","https://openalex.org/W1520904419","https://openalex.org/W1522334425","https://openalex.org/W1538954121","https://openalex.org/W1724656561","https://openalex.org/W1750137416","https://openalex.org/W1802322323","https://openalex.org/W1967764848","https://openalex.org/W1986043396","https://openalex.org/W1994317515","https://openalex.org/W1999761619","https://openalex.org/W2003021900","https://openalex.org/W2005865249","https://openalex.org/W2006833771","https://openalex.org/W2024182818","https://openalex.org/W2028179265","https://openalex.org/W2032782821","https://openalex.org/W2041186836","https://openalex.org/W2042895768","https://openalex.org/W2049254553","https://openalex.org/W2050331026","https://openalex.org/W2053731066","https://openalex.org/W2064097551","https://openalex.org/W2065787492","https://openalex.org/W2066644080","https://openalex.org/W2069363128","https://openalex.org/W2069520689","https://openalex.org/W2076712806","https://openalex.org/W2080412339","https://openalex.org/W2084780799","https://openalex.org/W2086459247","https://openalex.org/W2101047235","https://openalex.org/W2102583317","https://openalex.org/W2103868745","https://openalex.org/W2106045451","https://openalex.org/W2108858345","https://openalex.org/W2111700877","https://openalex.org/W2124050535","https://openalex.org/W2126665084","https://openalex.org/W2128344974","https://openalex.org/W2130258287","https://openalex.org/W2137309618","https://openalex.org/W2154405213","https://openalex.org/W2164337847","https://openalex.org/W2168063815","https://openalex.org/W2475707362","https://openalex.org/W2475984489","https://openalex.org/W2491176864","https://openalex.org/W2493234225","https://openalex.org/W2508819016","https://openalex.org/W2528684057","https://openalex.org/W2596053721","https://openalex.org/W2793033684","https://openalex.org/W2796922071","https://openalex.org/W2896654446","https://openalex.org/W2938206403","https://openalex.org/W2955752984","https://openalex.org/W3035816234","https://openalex.org/W3200330643","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301435592"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7124435598","https://openalex.org/W4244561915","https://openalex.org/W7214625984","https://openalex.org/W2921773397","https://openalex.org/W2596053721","https://openalex.org/W6906619200","https://openalex.org/W2966405746","https://openalex.org/W4416000456","https://openalex.org/W2999091015","https://openalex.org/W1525733361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2,104],"examines":[3],"the":[4,14,37,87,93,113],"relationship":[5],"between":[6,63,95],"behavioral":[7,43,61,74,96],"courage":[8,44,62,75,97],"and":[9,12,20,67,98,109,120],"job":[10,49,77,99],"performance,":[11],"explores":[13],"possible":[15],"effects":[16,72],"of":[17,28,60,73,90,115],"organizational":[18,69,83,116],"level":[19],"gender":[21,91],"on":[22,76,92],"this":[23],"relationship.":[24],"With":[25],"a":[26],"sample":[27],"managers":[29],"from":[30],"mid-":[31],"to":[32],"large-sized":[33],"for-profit":[34],"organizations":[35],"in":[36,57,112],"United":[38],"States,":[39],"we":[40],"found":[41],"that":[42],"was":[45,101],"positively":[46],"associated":[47],"with":[48],"performance.":[50],"Our":[51],"results":[52,105],"also":[53],"revealed":[54],"significant":[55],"differences":[56],"supervisors\u2019":[58],"ratings":[59],"employees":[64],"at":[65],"low":[66],"high":[68],"levels.":[70],"The":[71,103],"performance":[78,100],"did":[79],"not":[80],"vary":[81],"by":[82],"level.":[84],"In":[85],"turn,":[86],"moderating":[88],"effect":[89],"association":[94],"supported.":[102],"provide":[106],"important":[107],"theoretical":[108],"practical":[110],"implications":[111],"fields":[114],"behavior,":[117],"leadership":[118],"studies,":[119],"human":[121],"resource":[122],"development.":[123],"Recommendations":[124],"for":[125],"future":[126],"research":[127],"are":[128],"discussed.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-05-17T00:00:00"}