{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2802014506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","title":"Adaptive Kriging Stochastic Sampling and Density Approximation and Its Application to Rare-Event Estimation","display_name":"Adaptive Kriging Stochastic Sampling and Density Approximation and Its Application to Rare-Event Estimation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2802014506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","mag":"2802014506"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764572437","display_name":"ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems Part A Civil Engineering","issn_l":"2376-7642","issn":["2376-7642"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060905917","display_name":"Jize Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0553-3979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0553-3979"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jize Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Univ. of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Univ. of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039578495","display_name":"Alexandros A. Taflanidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9784-7480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9784-7480"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros A. Taflanidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Professor and Frank M. Freimann Collegiate Chair in Structural Engineering, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Univ. of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (corresponding author)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor and Frank M. Freimann Collegiate Chair in Structural Engineering, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Univ. of Notre Dame, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (corresponding author)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039578495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7159,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86381825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.7645999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.7645999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.05209999904036522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.037700001150369644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-kriging","display_name":"adaptive Kriging","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-sampling","display_name":"stochastic sampling","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-approximation","display_name":"density approximation","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-event-estimation","display_name":"rare event probability estimation","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hellinger-distance","display_name":"Hellinger distance","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamodel","display_name":"meta-model","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/importance-sampling","display_name":"importance sampling","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-design-of-experiments","display_name":"sequential design of experiments","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-efficiency","display_name":"computational efficiency","score":0.42500001192092896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86610423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925081","display_name":"Metamodeling","level":2,"score":0.9012288451194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.6716983318328857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153024298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030678","display_name":"Hellinger distance","level":2,"score":0.5999670028686523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5979523062705994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.584257960319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.5599838495254517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5557872653007507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5476164817810059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5406361222267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52740198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1539564","display_name":"Importance sampling","level":3,"score":0.4869269132614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4475024938583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4284549951553345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3410647213459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.2546999454498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17065495252609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14581286907196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/ajrua6.0000969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764572437","display_name":"ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems Part A Civil Engineering","issn_l":"2376-7642","issn":["2376-7642"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-114878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000438687400004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203276351","https://openalex.org/W1184752169","https://openalex.org/W1510052597","https://openalex.org/W1513873506","https://openalex.org/W1628268552","https://openalex.org/W1737070927","https://openalex.org/W1925971948","https://openalex.org/W1940738561","https://openalex.org/W1967593009","https://openalex.org/W1977556410","https://openalex.org/W1977568055","https://openalex.org/W1983967136","https://openalex.org/W1999091229","https://openalex.org/W2007535697","https://openalex.org/W2018044188","https://openalex.org/W2023678279","https://openalex.org/W2029066907","https://openalex.org/W2030911724","https://openalex.org/W2044283475","https://openalex.org/W2044691915","https://openalex.org/W2045396361","https://openalex.org/W2048470906","https://openalex.org/W2048711666","https://openalex.org/W2053656087","https://openalex.org/W2057804258","https://openalex.org/W2058702345","https://openalex.org/W2060436283","https://openalex.org/W2062258832","https://openalex.org/W2067829701","https://openalex.org/W2072475940","https://openalex.org/W2073072796","https://openalex.org/W2086716573","https://openalex.org/W2087752560","https://openalex.org/W2090346540","https://openalex.org/W2092127669","https://openalex.org/W2094509095","https://openalex.org/W2096285034","https://openalex.org/W2104563653","https://openalex.org/W2137307912","https://openalex.org/W2142623799","https://openalex.org/W2143144462","https://openalex.org/W2144139419","https://openalex.org/W2156677085","https://openalex.org/W2160895881","https://openalex.org/W2236331705","https://openalex.org/W2256942714","https://openalex.org/W2301534546","https://openalex.org/W2321504594","https://openalex.org/W2413407577","https://openalex.org/W2493977830","https://openalex.org/W2547266802","https://openalex.org/W2564859229","https://openalex.org/W2591510094","https://openalex.org/W2604982021","https://openalex.org/W2962998905","https://openalex.org/W2964260950","https://openalex.org/W3121200744","https://openalex.org/W4210924444","https://openalex.org/W4213138763","https://openalex.org/W4253187718","https://openalex.org/W4292691288","https://openalex.org/W4300998111"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045396361","https://openalex.org/W4317989884","https://openalex.org/W7099177635","https://openalex.org/W1940738561","https://openalex.org/W2065482820","https://openalex.org/W7098148791","https://openalex.org/W4296964010","https://openalex.org/W1980187201","https://openalex.org/W4380342545","https://openalex.org/W2055755416"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,25,49,61,98,103,113,118,123,129,133,137,158,170,173,177,186,196,208,218,223,228,239,258,262,268,271],"task":[4],"of":[5,24,27,43,58,60,115,165,172,179,183,266],"approximating":[6],"or":[7,270],"generating":[8],"samples":[9],"according":[10],"to":[11,48,128,156,207],"a":[12,22,37,41,55,72,141,162],"target":[13,50,119,197,240],"probability":[14],"distribution":[15,18],"when":[16],"this":[17,78,93,236],"is":[19,34,90,126,230,242,247,275],"expressed":[20],"as":[21,140,251],"function":[23],"response":[26,100],"an":[28,80,109,212,252],"engineering":[29],"system.":[30],"Frequently":[31],"such":[32],"approximation":[33,87],"performed":[35,155],"in":[36,92,181],"sequential":[38],"manner,":[39],"using":[40,136,216],"series":[42],"intermediate":[44,201],"densities":[45],"that":[46,167],"converge":[47],"density":[51,86,130,198,241,255],"and":[52,85,176,199],"may":[53],"require":[54],"large":[56],"number":[57],"evaluations":[59],"system":[62,99],"response,":[63],"which":[64],"for":[65,185,256],"applications":[66],"involving":[67],"complex":[68],"numerical":[69,273],"models":[70],"creates":[71],"significant":[73],"computational":[74],"burden.":[75],"To":[76],"alleviate":[77],"burden":[79],"adaptive":[81,104],"Kriging":[82],"stochastic":[83,187],"sampling":[84,254],"framework":[88],"(AK-SSD)":[89],"developed":[91,215],"work.":[94],"The":[95,203],"metamodel":[96,159,174,214,269],"approximates":[97],"vector,":[101],"whereas":[102],"characteristics":[105],"are":[106,154,191,226],"established":[107,131],"through":[108,122,161],"iterative":[110],"approach.":[111],"At":[112],"end":[114],"each":[116],"iteration,":[117,135,210],"density,":[120],"approximated":[121,243],"current":[124],"metamodel,":[125],"compared":[127],"at":[132],"previous":[134],"Hellinger":[138],"distance":[139],"comparison":[142],"metric.":[143],"If":[144],"convergence":[145],"has":[146],"not":[147],"been":[148],"achieved,":[149],"then":[150,205],"additional":[151],"simulation":[152,220],"experiments":[153,166,180],"inform":[157],"development,":[160],"sample-based":[163],"design":[164],"balances":[168],"between":[169],"improvement":[171],"accuracy":[175],"addition":[178],"regions":[182,190],"importance":[184,253],"sampling.":[188],"These":[189],"defined":[192],"by":[193],"considering":[194],"both":[195],"any":[200],"densities.":[202],"process":[204],"moves":[206],"next":[209],"with":[211],"improved":[213],"all":[217],"available":[219],"experiments.":[221],"Although":[222],"theoretical":[224],"discussions":[225],"general,":[227],"emphasis":[229],"placed":[231],"on":[232],"rare-event":[233,259],"simulation.":[234],"For":[235,261],"application,":[237],"once":[238],"(first":[244],"stage),":[245],"it":[246],"used":[248],"(second":[249],"stage)":[250],"estimating":[257],"likelihood.":[260],"second":[263],"stage,":[264],"use":[265],"either":[267],"exact":[272],"model":[274],"examined.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2018-05-17T00:00:00"}