{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2797848437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","title":"Does Interest Group Theory Justify More Intrusive Judicial Review?","display_name":"Does Interest Group Theory Justify More Intrusive Judicial Review?","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2797848437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","mag":"2797848437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/796935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161895660","display_name":"The Yale Law Journal","issn_l":"0044-0094","issn":["0044-0094","1939-8611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322696530","host_organization_name":"The Yale Law Journal Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322696530"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Yale Law Journal Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/8663/2/16_101YaleLJ31_1991_1992_.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076915698","display_name":"Einer Richard Elhauge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Einer R. Elhauge","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076915698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.6329,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98299604,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"1","first_page":"31","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.4580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10802","display_name":"Judicial and Constitutional Studies","score":0.4580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13138","display_name":"Legal and Constitutional Studies","score":0.42239999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.020600000396370888,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interest-group-theory","display_name":"interest group theory","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/judicial-review","display_name":"judicial review","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-riding","display_name":"free-riding","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-action","display_name":"collective action","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olson-s-theory-of-collective-action","display_name":"Olson's theory of collective action","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-participation","display_name":"political participation","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-choice-theory","display_name":"public choice theory","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993591445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431603","display_name":"Interest group","level":3,"score":0.7972003221511841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.5049975514411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.45413240790367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.4233858585357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.32787802815437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.25899916887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06708240509033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.04396829009056091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/796935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/796935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161895660","display_name":"The Yale Law Journal","issn_l":"0044-0094","issn":["0044-0094","1939-8611"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322696530","host_organization_name":"The Yale Law Journal Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322696530"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Yale Law Journal Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:ylj-7390","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/ylj/vol101/iss1/6","pdf_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/8663/2/16_101YaleLJ31_1991_1992_.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.law.yale.edu:ylj-7390","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/ylj/vol101/iss1/6","pdf_url":"https://openyls.law.yale.edu/bitstream/20.500.13051/8663/2/16_101YaleLJ31_1991_1992_.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Yale Law Journal","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2797848437.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2797848437.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2176523584","https://openalex.org/W2292144241","https://openalex.org/W3119759825","https://openalex.org/W2475394252","https://openalex.org/W7097777129","https://openalex.org/W1504280542","https://openalex.org/W7096461484","https://openalex.org/W1981718148","https://openalex.org/W4382560658","https://openalex.org/W111131988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,5,10,23,34,39,63,73,107,122,135,140,146,186,212,229,254,270,288,341,350,354,364,399,428,431],"above":[2],"discussion":[3,429],"suggests,":[4],"foregone":[6],"contributions":[7],"can":[8,111,176],"include":[9,130],"failure":[11],"to":[12,15,72,86,189,298,301,340,349,359,418,472,504,507],"vote":[13],"or":[14,259,404],"read":[16],"about":[17],"issues.18.Although":[18],"this":[19,209],"is":[20,407],"usually":[21],"termed":[22],"free":[24,191,235,303,329],"rider":[25],"problem,":[26],"George":[27],"Stigler":[28],"has":[29,256,369,376,394,411],"more":[30,475,485],"accurately":[31],"dubbed":[32],"it":[33,417],"\"cheap":[35],"rider\"":[36],"problem":[37,252],"since":[38],"group":[40,68,82,127,147,255,355,368,375,379,466,516],"member":[41,88,392],"who":[42,438],"does":[43,46,232],"not":[44,119,233,249,338,513],"participate":[45,120],"incur":[47],"some":[48,198,451],"costs.George":[49],".Stigler,":[50],"Free":[51],"Riders":[52],"and":[53,65,70,139,335,397,426,443,482,518],"Collective":[54],"Action,":[55],"5":[56],"BELL.J.":[57],"MGMT.SCi.359,":[58],"359-60":[59],"(1974).Nonparticipation":[60],"marginally":[61],"decreases":[62],"probability":[64],"magnitude":[66],"of":[67,104,109,126,137,142,196,269,343,352,401],"success":[69],"may,":[71],"extent":[74],"members":[75,117,363,437,458],"have":[76,91,294,455],"somewhat":[77],"varying":[78],"preferences,":[79],"result":[80],"in":[81,178,331,430,465,474,484],"action":[83,267,509],"less":[84,491],"favorable":[85],"that":[87,101,115,145,172,208,211,227,408,415],"than":[89,477,487],"would":[90,148,384],"resulted":[92],"had":[93],"she":[94],"participated.Id.":[95],"at":[96,157,165,204,217,278,309,322,500],"359-62.The":[97],"point":[98],"remains,":[99],"however,":[100],"these":[102],"costs":[103],"riding":[105,192,330],"on":[106,151,328,515,519],"efforts":[108,181],"others":[110],"be":[112,215,222,386,470],"sufficiently":[113],"cheap":[114],"individual":[116,152],"will":[118,248,469,510],"despite":[121],"clear":[123],"collective":[124,180,508],"benefit":[125],"participation.19.Typical":[128],"punishments":[129],"legal":[131,283],"penalties,":[132],"social":[133],"sanctions,":[134],"threat":[136],"violence,":[138],"denial":[141],"noncollective":[143],"benefits":[144],"otherwise":[149],"confer":[150],"members.OLSON,":[153],"supra":[154,162,201,275,306,312,497],"note":[155,163,202,276,307,313,498],"16,":[156,203,277,308],"13,":[158,164],"61-63,":[159],"68-76;":[160],"Becker,":[161],"377":[166],"(collecting":[167],"later":[168],"sources).20.":[169],"Olson":[170,243],"predicts":[171],"large":[173,395,434,452],"diffuse":[174,480],"groups":[175,293,365,435,445,453,468,489],"succeed":[177],"such":[179,246,282,292],"only":[182,514],"if":[183],"they":[184],"obtain":[185],"resources":[187,300,506],"necessary":[188],"police":[190,234],"as":[193],"a":[194,251,261,344,373,381,412,456],"byproduct":[195],"providing":[197],"other":[199],"service.OLSON,":[200],"3,":[205],"132-59.Some":[206],"object":[207],"requires":[210,286],"subsidizing":[213],"service":[214,230],"provided":[216],"supracompetitive":[218],"prices,":[219],"which":[220],"could":[221],"undercut":[223],"by":[224,265],"any":[225],"competitor":[226],"provides":[228],"but":[231,357],"riding.E.g.,":[236],"RUSSELL":[237],"HARDIN,":[238,496],"COLLECTIVE":[239],"AcTION":[240],"33-34":[241],"(1982).But,":[242],"argues,":[244],"sometimes":[245],"competition":[247],"pose":[250],"because":[253,268],"market":[257,262,284],"power":[258],"enjoys":[260],"advantage":[263],"conferred":[264],"governmental":[266],"group's":[271,289,345,502],"petitioning":[272,476,486],"efforts.See":[273],"OLSON,":[274,305],"133":[279],"n.2.Because":[280],"preserving":[281],"advantages":[285],"maintaining":[287],"political":[290],"clout,":[291],"an":[295],"ongoing":[296],"incentive":[297],"invest":[299],"curb":[302],"riding.21.":[304],"[27][28][34][35][32][33][35][36]":[310],"Peltzman,":[311],"11,;":[314],"see":[315],"also":[316],"DENNIS":[317],"MUELLER,":[318],"PUBLIC":[319],"CHOICE":[320],"II,":[321],"310":[323],"(1989)":[324],"(reviewing":[325],"experimental":[326],"literature":[327],"prisoners'":[332],"dilemma":[333],"situations).\"Large\"":[334],"\"small\"":[336,367],"do":[337],"refer":[339],"size":[342,517],"economic":[346],"assets":[347,396],"nor":[348],"number":[351],"individuals":[353],"represents,":[356],"rather":[358],"how":[360],"many":[361],"independent":[362,371,423],"have.A":[366],"few":[370,382,457],"members;":[372],"\"large\"":[374],"many.An":[377],"interest":[378],"comprising":[380],"corporations":[383],"thus":[385,511],"considered":[387],"small":[388,444],"even":[389],"though":[390],"each":[391,409],"corporation":[393,410],"represents":[398],"interests":[400,464],"numerous":[402],"shareholders":[403],"workers.The":[405],"key":[406],"hierarchical":[413],"structure":[414],"allows":[416],"act":[419],"internally":[420],"without":[421],"coordinating":[422],"behavior.For":[424],"clarity":[425],"emphasis,":[427],"text":[432],"contrasts":[433],"with":[436,446,459,490],"are":[439],"uniformly":[440,479],"diffusely":[441],"interested":[442,448],"intensely":[447],"members.However,":[449],"obviously":[450],"may":[454],"very":[460],"high":[461],"per":[462,493],"capita":[463,494],"action.Such":[467],"likely":[471],"engage":[473],"large,":[478],"groups,":[481],"perhaps":[483],"smaller":[488],"intense":[492],"interests.See":[495],"20,":[499],"40-42.A":[501],"willingness":[503],"devote":[505],"turn":[512],"average":[520],"1991":[521]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2018-04-24T00:00:00"}
