{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2793554221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","title":"An Empirical Study of US Environmental Federalism: RCRA Enforcement From 1998 to 2011","display_name":"An Empirical Study of US Environmental Federalism: RCRA Enforcement From 1998 to 2011","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2793554221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","mag":"2793554221"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136211407","display_name":"Ecological Economics","issn_l":"0921-8009","issn":["0921-8009","1873-6106"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072442837","display_name":"Eric Sj\u00f6berg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4739-9074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4739-9074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Sj\u00f6berg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4739-9074","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064504281","display_name":"Jing Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-9639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-9639","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-7125"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204831749","display_name":"Southwestern University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04ewct822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-7125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Finance and Taxation, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064504281"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204831749"],"apc_list":{"value":3730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3730},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97038926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"147","issue":null,"first_page":"253","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11762","display_name":"Law, Economics, and Judicial Systems","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11461","display_name":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-federalism","display_name":"environmental federalism","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-conservation-and-recovery-act","display_name":"Resource Conservation and Recovery Act","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-to-the-bottom","display_name":"race to the bottom","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fines","display_name":"fines","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violation-detection","display_name":"violation detection","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hazardous-waste-regulation","display_name":"hazardous waste regulation","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.8892503976821899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.7389949560165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781156083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315799","display_name":"Resource Conservation and Recovery Act","level":3,"score":0.7372645735740662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533735693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204886","display_name":"Federalism","level":3,"score":0.6459157466888428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777875673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2978742","display_name":"Clean Water Act","level":3,"score":0.5867897272109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5797882080078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.5563115477561951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775926139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605215","display_name":"Race to the bottom","level":3,"score":0.5061165690422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4588421583175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156733173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5167917","display_name":"Cooperative federalism","level":4,"score":0.45829448103904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4357425570487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.41441646218299866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26266080141067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22507642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069369","display_name":"Hazardous waste","level":2,"score":0.24842500686645508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21248817443847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15321233868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09682238101959229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.08923906087875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.0792589783668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.07559874653816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136211407","display_name":"Ecological Economics","issn_l":"0921-8009","issn":["0921-8009","1873-6106"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecological Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:147:y:2018:i:c:p:253-263","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800917307863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W242676893","https://openalex.org/W1168843203","https://openalex.org/W1488657180","https://openalex.org/W1560871399","https://openalex.org/W1604707917","https://openalex.org/W1802584194","https://openalex.org/W1846317454","https://openalex.org/W1964736416","https://openalex.org/W1964793074","https://openalex.org/W1974196849","https://openalex.org/W1974522750","https://openalex.org/W1981214564","https://openalex.org/W2026540296","https://openalex.org/W2029198944","https://openalex.org/W2032899121","https://openalex.org/W2041718199","https://openalex.org/W2050273234","https://openalex.org/W2055051969","https://openalex.org/W2064637880","https://openalex.org/W2079242605","https://openalex.org/W2101981787","https://openalex.org/W2108717412","https://openalex.org/W2113918955","https://openalex.org/W2140758624","https://openalex.org/W2150679261","https://openalex.org/W2153798036","https://openalex.org/W2156156384","https://openalex.org/W2166031899","https://openalex.org/W2194401726","https://openalex.org/W2256452871","https://openalex.org/W2295770189","https://openalex.org/W2309142819","https://openalex.org/W2331337182","https://openalex.org/W2397935991","https://openalex.org/W2464502039","https://openalex.org/W2524687146","https://openalex.org/W2607628464","https://openalex.org/W2890513421","https://openalex.org/W3116024672","https://openalex.org/W3122046627","https://openalex.org/W3122979455","https://openalex.org/W3124787331","https://openalex.org/W3124998439","https://openalex.org/W4249109619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3200879275","https://openalex.org/W120127387","https://openalex.org/W3159641844","https://openalex.org/W2255585016","https://openalex.org/W2063511126","https://openalex.org/W3123177895","https://openalex.org/W2082823810","https://openalex.org/W2274655144","https://openalex.org/W2004968658","https://openalex.org/W2890513421"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2018-03-29T00:00:00"}
