{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792425678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","title":"Manufacturing cosmic rays in the evolving dynamical states of galaxy clusters","display_name":"Manufacturing cosmic rays in the evolving dynamical states of galaxy clusters","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792425678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","mag":"2792425678"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195663288","display_name":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","issn_l":"0035-8711","issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966","1365-8711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.04445","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005727949","display_name":"Reju Sam John","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-3700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-3700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254494","display_name":"Puducherry Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01w2xgk13","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254494"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59781447","display_name":"Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/04etcj997","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59781447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878213199","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reju Sam John","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, 605014, India","Department of Physics, SP Pune University, Pune 411007, India","Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, 605014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254494"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, SP Pune University, Pune 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59781447"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083443394","display_name":"Surajit Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-6959","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-6959"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59781447","display_name":"Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/04etcj997","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59781447"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878213199","display_name":"Savitribai Phule Pune University","ror":"https://ror.org/044g6d731","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]}],"countries":["DE","IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Surajit Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, SP Pune University, Pune 411007, India","Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India","Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Astronomie, Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Emil Fischer-Str. 31, D-97074\u00a0W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-6959","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, SP Pune University, Pune 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878213199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59781447"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Astronomie, Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Emil Fischer-Str. 31, D-97074\u00a0W\u00fcrzburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030838585","display_name":"Luigi Iapichino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3938-8973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3938-8973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163716","display_name":"Leibniz Supercomputing Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05558nw16","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109144446","https://openalex.org/I4210163716"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Iapichino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz-Rechenzentrum der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmannstr. 1, D-85748 Garching b. Munchen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz-Rechenzentrum der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Boltzmannstr. 1, D-85748 Garching b. Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091906254","display_name":"Karl Mannheim M","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-6641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-6641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Mannheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Astronomie, Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Emil Fischer-Str. 31, D-97074\u00a0W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Astronomie, Institut f\u00fcr Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, Emil Fischer-Str. 31, D-97074\u00a0W\u00fcrzburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101475824","display_name":"Harish Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-7918","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-7918"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254494","display_name":"Puducherry Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01w2xgk13","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405254494"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, 605014, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, 605014, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405254494"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083443394"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101","https://openalex.org/I59781447","https://openalex.org/I878213199"],"apc_list":{"value":2310,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3046},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4673,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61042328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"488","issue":"1","first_page":"1301","last_page":"1319"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10818","display_name":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10818","display_name":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-ray-acceleration","display_name":"cosmic ray acceleration","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-clusters","display_name":"galaxy clusters","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merger-shocks","display_name":"merger shocks","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusive-shock-acceleration","display_name":"diffusive shock acceleration","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-mergers","display_name":"cluster mergers","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virialization","display_name":"virialization","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-ray-injection","display_name":"cosmic ray injection","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-ray-emission","display_name":"X-ray emission","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mach-number","display_name":"Mach number","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-dynamical-state","display_name":"cluster dynamical state","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9575259685516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.8246408700942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156055797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204107","display_name":"Galaxy cluster","level":3,"score":0.7581266164779663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.6959794759750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.6482921838760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.6080703139305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165231844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160669","display_name":"Mach number","level":2,"score":0.5175570845603943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111309251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11547","display_name":"Cosmic ray","level":2,"score":0.4954589605331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.4548327624797821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3756855","display_name":"Accretion (finance)","level":2,"score":0.44461706280708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4439191520214081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75183268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140491","display_name":"Particle acceleration","level":3,"score":0.44016045331954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.4325968027114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995140","display_name":"Galaxy formation and evolution","level":3,"score":0.41812044382095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195663288","display_name":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","issn_l":"0035-8711","issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966","1365-8711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1803.04445","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04445","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.04445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1803.04445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.04445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1803.04445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1803.04445","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04445","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.04445","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2792425678.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2792425678.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506891209","https://openalex.org/W1611594687","https://openalex.org/W1867773161","https://openalex.org/W1905266797","https://openalex.org/W1956486501","https://openalex.org/W1966744916","https://openalex.org/W1967087568","https://openalex.org/W1967119406","https://openalex.org/W1969092613","https://openalex.org/W1969858068","https://openalex.org/W1976316526","https://openalex.org/W1978338667","https://openalex.org/W1980767485","https://openalex.org/W1983524058","https://openalex.org/W1985877531","https://openalex.org/W1986350100","https://openalex.org/W1986623055","https://openalex.org/W1987711616","https://openalex.org/W1989703866","https://openalex.org/W1990046246","https://openalex.org/W1990446253","https://openalex.org/W1994021520","https://openalex.org/W1994673795","https://openalex.org/W1997089041","https://openalex.org/W2002438643","https://openalex.org/W2006063102","https://openalex.org/W2007353325","https://openalex.org/W2009814056","https://openalex.org/W2011029460","https://openalex.org/W2011553402","https://openalex.org/W2018122753","https://openalex.org/W2019908740","https://openalex.org/W2022883972","https://openalex.org/W2025123074","https://openalex.org/W2028001663","https://openalex.org/W2029427005","https://openalex.org/W2031832187","https://openalex.org/W2032882333","https://openalex.org/W2037871635","https://openalex.org/W2043212436","https://openalex.org/W2043250119","https://openalex.org/W2045821305","https://openalex.org/W2046130465","https://openalex.org/W2050894149","https://openalex.org/W2050979798","https://openalex.org/W2057015950","https://openalex.org/W2058056003","https://openalex.org/W2058795422","https://openalex.org/W2063712348","https://openalex.org/W2064221922","https://openalex.org/W2065165311","https://openalex.org/W2066256158","https://openalex.org/W2068928940","https://openalex.org/W2072390637","https://openalex.org/W2074024788","https://openalex.org/W2074563137","https://openalex.org/W2076594758","https://openalex.org/W2081160630","https://openalex.org/W2083342807","https://openalex.org/W2085407247","https://openalex.org/W2086995723","https://openalex.org/W2087510844","https://openalex.org/W2087770561","https://openalex.org/W2089918076","https://openalex.org/W2102852529","https://openalex.org/W2115813130","https://openalex.org/W2116219980","https://openalex.org/W2130822188","https://openalex.org/W2133704499","https://openalex.org/W2134287871","https://openalex.org/W2139505492","https://openalex.org/W2140955522","https://openalex.org/W2151306448","https://openalex.org/W2157450368","https://openalex.org/W2160253850","https://openalex.org/W2161264862","https://openalex.org/W2163617323","https://openalex.org/W2165317013","https://openalex.org/W2166571888","https://openalex.org/W2293492557","https://openalex.org/W2501879147","https://openalex.org/W2515177130","https://openalex.org/W2519405909","https://openalex.org/W2606238690","https://openalex.org/W2613462495","https://openalex.org/W2624272176","https://openalex.org/W2732354414","https://openalex.org/W2769936907","https://openalex.org/W2909974219","https://openalex.org/W2949439349","https://openalex.org/W2950758487","https://openalex.org/W2963839521","https://openalex.org/W2964278832","https://openalex.org/W2990520873","https://openalex.org/W3098256312","https://openalex.org/W3099328645","https://openalex.org/W3104933367","https://openalex.org/W3106061186","https://openalex.org/W3123439483","https://openalex.org/W4205794699","https://openalex.org/W4240480806","https://openalex.org/W4293088496","https://openalex.org/W4299598917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533970497","https://openalex.org/W7055768075","https://openalex.org/W4385304960","https://openalex.org/W7057877890","https://openalex.org/W2972528390","https://openalex.org/W2632022563","https://openalex.org/W2166251801","https://openalex.org/W2058795422","https://openalex.org/W7096753460","https://openalex.org/W2161901378"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Galaxy":[1],"clusters":[2,25,38,79,227],"are":[3,142,156],"known":[4],"to":[5,29,184,190,244],"be":[6],"reservoirs":[7],"of":[8,19,41,69,99,119,125,163,179,194,221,268],"cosmic":[9],"rays":[10],"(CRs),":[11],"as":[12,187],"inferred":[13],"from":[14,173,226,271],"theoretical":[15],"calculations":[16],"or":[17,43,67],"detection":[18],"CR-derived":[20,269],"observables.":[21],"CR":[22,146,164,174,213,224,240,252],"acceleration":[23,88],"in":[24,37,51,76,166,256],"is":[26,48,92],"mostly":[27],"attributed":[28],"the":[30,65,77,84,94,117,133,143,160,192,218,245,266],"dynamical":[31,56,114],"activity":[32],"that":[33,132,217],"produces":[34],"shocks.":[35],"Shocks":[36],"emerge":[39],"out":[40],"merger":[42,134,210],"accretion,":[44],"but":[45,102],"which":[46,55],"one":[47],"more":[49],"effective":[50,145],"producing":[52],"CRs?":[53],"at":[54,230],"phase?":[57],"and":[58,73,127,175,199,212,223,233,239],"why?":[59],"To":[60],"this":[61,257],"aim,":[62],"we":[63,103,121,203],"study":[64,108,258],"production":[66],"injection":[68,165,225,241,253],"CRs":[70],"through":[71],"shocks":[72,135,151],"its":[74],"evolution":[75,201,267],"galaxy":[78,272],"using":[80,116],"cosmological":[81],"simulations":[82],"with":[83,109],"enzo":[85],"code.":[86],"Particle":[87],"model":[89],"considered":[90],"here":[91],"primarily":[93],"Diffusive":[95],"Shock":[96],"Acceleration":[97],"(DSA)":[98],"thermal":[100],"particles,":[101],"also":[104],"report":[105,131],"a":[106,123,188,197,205],"tentative":[107],"pre-existing":[110],"CRs.":[111],"Defining":[112],"appropriate":[113],"states":[115],"concept":[118],"virialization,":[120],"studied":[122],"sample":[124],"merging":[126],"non-merging":[128,180],"clusters.":[129,167,273],"We":[130,215],"(with":[136],"Mach":[137],"number":[138],"$\\mathcal":[139,153],"{M}\\sim":[140],"2-5$)":[141],"most":[144],"producers,":[147],"while":[148],"high-Mach":[149],"peripheral":[150],"(i.e.":[152],"{M}\\gt":[154],"5$)":[155],"mainly":[157],"responsible":[158],"for":[159,262],"brightest":[161,219],"phase":[162,220],"Clusters":[168],"once":[169],"merged,":[170],"permanently":[171],"deviate":[172],"X-ray":[176,222],"mass":[177],"scaling":[178],"systems,":[181],"enabling":[182],"us":[183],"use":[185],"it":[186],"tool":[189],"determine":[191],"state":[193],"merger.":[195],"Through":[196],"temporal":[198],"spatial":[200],"study,":[202],"found":[204,255],"strong":[206],"correlation":[207],"between":[208],"cluster":[209,246],"dynamics":[211],"injection.":[214],"observed":[216],"occurs,":[228],"respectively,":[229],"about":[231],"1.0":[232],"1.5":[234],"Gyr":[235],"after":[236],"every":[237],"mergers,":[238],"peaks":[242,254],"near":[243],"virial":[247],"radius":[248],"(i.e":[249],"r200).":[250],"Delayed":[251],"deserve":[259],"further":[260],"investigation":[261],"possible":[263],"impact":[264],"on":[265],"observables":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2018-03-29T00:00:00"}
