{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2790180285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","title":"The Relationship Between Speech, Language, and Phonological Awareness in Preschool-Age Children With Developmental Disabilities","display_name":"The Relationship Between Speech, Language, and Phonological Awareness in Preschool-Age Children With Developmental Disabilities","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2790180285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","mag":"2790180285","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570753","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6105119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50443188","display_name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","issn_l":"1058-0360","issn":["1058-0360","1558-9110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6105119","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008825598","display_name":"Andrea Barton-Hulsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-9097","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-9097"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Barton-Hulsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074313137","display_name":"Rose A. Sevcik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-2354","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-2354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rose A. Sevcik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074140004","display_name":"Mary Ann Romski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9413-8099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9413-8099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MaryAnn Romski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication, Georgia State University, Atlanta","Google Scholar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication, Georgia State University, Atlanta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Scholar","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91440944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"616","last_page":"632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.02239999920129776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-awareness","display_name":"phonological awareness","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-disabilities","display_name":"developmental disabilities","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-ability","display_name":"speech ability","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receptive-language","display_name":"receptive language","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/print-knowledge","display_name":"print knowledge","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/letter-sound-knowledge","display_name":"letter-sound knowledge","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-reading-development","display_name":"early reading development","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1563374","display_name":"Phonological awareness","level":3,"score":0.7878358960151672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6473720669746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5813555121421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777544610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187288","display_name":"Phonological development","level":3,"score":0.4862441122531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781246517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187200","display_name":"Phonemic awareness","level":3,"score":0.48484528064727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148934300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40998","display_name":"Phonology","level":2,"score":0.4841647744178772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778073708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330667","display_name":"Language development","level":2,"score":0.4664468467235565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018392663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Speech sound","level":2,"score":0.414425253868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4022779166698456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3850894272327423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2945384979248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.20222216844558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07651713490486145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067010","descriptor_name":"Literacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001072","descriptor_name":"Apraxias","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001072","descriptor_name":"Apraxias","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001184","descriptor_name":"Articulation Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001184","descriptor_name":"Articulation Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002652","descriptor_name":"Child Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002658","descriptor_name":"Developmental Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002658","descriptor_name":"Developmental Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002663","descriptor_name":"Child Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004401","descriptor_name":"Dysarthria","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004401","descriptor_name":"Dysarthria","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007807","descriptor_name":"Language Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011932","descriptor_name":"Reading","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013060","descriptor_name":"Speech","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013061","descriptor_name":"Speech Acoustics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013065","descriptor_name":"Speech Intelligibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013068","descriptor_name":"Speech Production Measurement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014825","descriptor_name":"Vocabulary","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019988","descriptor_name":"Children with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066229","descriptor_name":"Speech Sound Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066229","descriptor_name":"Speech Sound Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0066","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50443188","display_name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","issn_l":"1058-0360","issn":["1058-0360","1558-9110"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320281","host_organization_name":"American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320281"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Speech\u2013Language\u2013Hearing Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5157033","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6105119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6105119","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6105119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Speech Lang Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:29570753","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of speech-language pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5157033","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6105119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2682194152","display_name":"Waisman Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center","funder_award_id":"U54HD090256","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000874878","display_name":"Post-Doctoral Training in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research","funder_award_id":"T32HD007489","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310607","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W214612975","https://openalex.org/W1533916863","https://openalex.org/W1541838981","https://openalex.org/W1905925974","https://openalex.org/W1970511908","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1981313543","https://openalex.org/W1996397244","https://openalex.org/W2006394438","https://openalex.org/W2017270837","https://openalex.org/W2023632576","https://openalex.org/W2035011869","https://openalex.org/W2037716870","https://openalex.org/W2038093074","https://openalex.org/W2044442852","https://openalex.org/W2046983918","https://openalex.org/W2049826494","https://openalex.org/W2087589071","https://openalex.org/W2088612429","https://openalex.org/W2090239376","https://openalex.org/W2098918623","https://openalex.org/W2101627716","https://openalex.org/W2108843643","https://openalex.org/W2120589795","https://openalex.org/W2123853488","https://openalex.org/W2131368319","https://openalex.org/W2131870041","https://openalex.org/W2140129257","https://openalex.org/W2141887136","https://openalex.org/W2146988795","https://openalex.org/W2149392886","https://openalex.org/W2155723182","https://openalex.org/W2158551578","https://openalex.org/W2167243744","https://openalex.org/W2520902228","https://openalex.org/W4236522376","https://openalex.org/W4255848574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2518543357","https://openalex.org/W214612975","https://openalex.org/W2528280130","https://openalex.org/W122676894","https://openalex.org/W2093981902","https://openalex.org/W1972045892","https://openalex.org/W2052311148","https://openalex.org/W2107319290","https://openalex.org/W1549839917","https://openalex.org/W2165130681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"A":[1,43,119],"number":[2],"of":[3,24,56,75,95,110,121,126,157,170,197],"intrinsic":[4,54],"factors,":[5,34],"including":[6],"expressive":[7],"speech":[8,35,88,134,182,221],"skills,":[9],"have":[10,138,187],"been":[11],"suggested":[12],"to":[13,49,63,85,137,186,213],"place":[14],"children":[15,68,218],"with":[16,69,132,180,219],"developmental":[17,70,107,168,224],"disabilities":[18,71],"at":[19],"risk":[20],"for":[21,91,205],"limited":[22,133,181,220],"development":[23,196,216],"reading":[25,215],"skills.":[26,41,200],"This":[27,201],"study":[28,45,202],"examines":[29],"the":[30,51,73,195,210],"relationship":[31,52],"between":[32,53,72],"these":[33],"ability,":[36],"and":[37,60,77,113,115,146,173,175,190,207,223],"children's":[38],"phonological":[39,64,98,147,160,198],"awareness":[40,65,99,161,199],"Method:":[42],"nonexperimental":[44],"design":[46],"was":[47,83,129],"used":[48],"examine":[50],"skills":[55,108,140,169],"speech,":[57],"language,":[58],"print,":[59],"letter-sound":[61,116,144,176,191],"knowledge":[62,192],"in":[66,97,123,141,159,217],"42":[67],"ages":[74],"48":[76],"69":[78],"months.":[79],"Hierarchical":[80],"multiple":[81],"regression":[82],"done":[84],"determine":[86],"if":[87],"ability":[89,150,183,222],"accounted":[90],"a":[92,154],"unique":[93],"amount":[94,156],"variance":[96,158],"skill":[100,122],"beyond":[101,162],"what":[102,163],"would":[103,164],"be":[104,165],"expected":[105,166],"by":[106,167],"inclusive":[109],"receptive":[111,171,188],"language":[112,172,189],"print":[114,142,174],"knowledge.":[117,177],"Results:":[118],"range":[120],"all":[124],"areas":[125],"direct":[127],"assessment":[128],"found.":[130],"Children":[131,179],"were":[135,184],"found":[136,185],"emerging":[139],"knowledge,":[143,145],"awareness.":[148],"Speech":[149],"did":[151],"not":[152],"predict":[153],"significant":[155],"Conclusion:":[178],"that":[193],"supported":[194],"provides":[203],"implications":[204],"practitioners":[206],"researchers":[208],"concerning":[209],"factors":[211],"related":[212],"early":[214],"disabilities.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2018-03-29T00:00:00"}
