{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2790073025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","title":"Norm spoiling: undermining the international women's rights agenda","display_name":"Norm spoiling: undermining the international women's rights agenda","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2790073025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","mag":"2790073025"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ia/iiy023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79519963","display_name":"International Affairs","issn_l":"0020-5850","issn":["0020-5850","1468-2346","1473-7981","1473-799X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008085288","display_name":"Rebecca Sanders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-6770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-6770"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Sanders","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008085288"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3743,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4936},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7042,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97160607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"2","first_page":"271","last_page":"291"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13942","display_name":"International Human Rights and Reproductive Law","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13942","display_name":"International Human Rights and Reproductive Law","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11432","display_name":"Gender Politics and Representation","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-rights","display_name":"women's rights","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-human-rights-norms","display_name":"international human rights standards","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-nations","display_name":"United Nations","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm-entrepreneurship","display_name":"norm entrepreneurship","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights-advocacy","display_name":"human rights advocacy","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservative-states","display_name":"conservative states","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-state-actors","display_name":"non-state actors","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-freedom","display_name":"reproductive freedom","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-equality","display_name":"gender equality","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treaty-development","display_name":"treaty development","score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counter-mobilization","display_name":"counter-mobilization","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-human-rights-treaties","display_name":"human rights treaties","score":0.35199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7761069536209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6805494427680969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.6683278679847717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777047313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192957","display_name":"Reactionary","level":3,"score":0.5857284069061279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5537103414535522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.5146325826644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.436676949262619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.4265112280845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3722192645072937}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ia/iiy023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiy023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S79519963","display_name":"International Affairs","issn_l":"0020-5850","issn":["0020-5850","1468-2346","1473-7981","1473-799X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7307999730110168,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7124443071","https://openalex.org/W7001232442","https://openalex.org/W2925220853","https://openalex.org/W4412470796","https://openalex.org/W2258476431","https://openalex.org/W100733860","https://openalex.org/W2255096904","https://openalex.org/W2744430093","https://openalex.org/W7086020018","https://openalex.org/W7029295776"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Women's":[0,189],"social,":[1],"economic":[2],"and":[3,6,31,89,111,127,138,162,186],"political":[4],"equality":[5],"reproductive":[7],"freedom":[8],"have":[9,19,34],"been":[10],"rhetorically":[11],"embraced":[12],"by":[13,145,150,173],"a":[14,36,151],"majority":[15],"of":[16,54,60,78,86,100,154,160],"countries":[17],"that":[18],"ratified":[20],"international":[21,183],"human":[22,90],"rights":[23,91,175,190],"treaties.":[24],"At":[25],"the":[26,44,52,58,66,76,167],"same":[27],"time,":[28],"conservative":[29],"states":[30],"non-state":[32],"actors":[33,70],"waged":[35],"concerted":[37],"campaign":[38],"to":[39,109,119,134,195,201],"undermine":[40],"these":[41,197],"principles":[42],"at":[43],"United":[45],"Nations.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"article,":[49,168],"I":[50,56,169],"trace":[51],"dynamics":[53],"what":[55],"call":[57],"strategy":[59],"norm":[61,87,101,104],"spoiling.":[62],"Norm":[63],"spoiling":[64,102,156],"is":[65],"process":[67],"through":[68,131],"which":[69],"directly":[71],"challenge":[72],"existing":[73],"norms":[74,116,130],"with":[75],"aim":[77],"weakening":[79],"their":[80,121,136,180],"influence.":[81],"Although":[82],"utilizing":[83],"traditional":[84],"tools":[85],"entrepreneurship":[88],"advocacy,":[92],"it":[93],"has":[94],"distinctive":[95],"characteristics.":[96],"The":[97],"reactionary":[98],"nature":[99],"means":[103],"challengers":[105],"do":[106],"not":[107],"need":[108],"consolidate":[110],"institutionalize":[112],"support":[113],"for":[114],"alternative":[115],"in":[117,199],"order":[118,200],"advance":[120],"agenda.":[122],"Instead,":[123],"they":[124],"can":[125],"frustrate":[126],"destabilize":[128],"target":[129],"protracted":[132],"efforts":[133],"block":[135],"development":[137],"diffusion.":[139],"Moreover,":[140],"because":[141],"spoilers":[142,176],"are":[143,158],"united":[144],"shared":[146],"antipathies":[147],"rather":[148],"than":[149],"substantive":[152],"vision":[153],"politics,":[155],"coalitions":[157],"composed":[159],"unnatural":[161],"even":[163],"counter-intuitive":[164],"allies.":[165],"Throughout":[166],"document":[170],"tactics":[171],"used":[172],"women's":[174],"as":[177,179],"well":[178],"impact":[181],"on":[182],"treaties,":[184],"declarations":[185],"related":[187],"policies.":[188],"advocates":[191],"would":[192],"be":[193],"wise":[194],"recognize":[196],"trends":[198],"defend":[202],"progressive":[203],"gains.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-15T10:00:46.086208","created_date":"2018-03-29T00:00:00"}
