{"id":"https://openalex.org/W278921567","doi":null,"title":"Aggregate shocks and how parents protect the human capital accumulation process: An empirical study of Indonesia","display_name":"Aggregate shocks and how parents protect the human capital accumulation process: An empirical study of Indonesia","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W278921567","mag":"278921567"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:collections.unu.edu:UNU:942","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://collections.unu.edu/view/UNU:942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401912","display_name":"UNU Collections (United Nations University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210148429","host_organization_name":"United Nations University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148429"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027293947","display_name":"Treena Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Treena Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076144622","display_name":"Lex Borghans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-1370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-1370"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lex Borghans","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-1370","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111969957","display_name":"Arnaud Dupuy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-2432","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-2432"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arnaud Dupuy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96839779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.5112000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.5112000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.23489999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13566","display_name":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","score":0.08290000259876251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate-shocks","display_name":"aggregate shocks","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital-accumulation","display_name":"human capital accumulation","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-expenditure","display_name":"education expenditure","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asian-financial-crisis","display_name":"Asian financial crisis","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-coping-strategies","display_name":"household coping strategies","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflation","display_name":"inflation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-investment","display_name":"parental investment","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-quality","display_name":"educational quality","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-to-school","display_name":"transition to school","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-selection","display_name":"self-selection","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.7682905197143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.6345463991165161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.545771598815918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.5226183533668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5042144060134888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.478171169757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200941418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273508","display_name":"Inflation (cosmology)","level":2,"score":0.4420022666454315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4212000370025635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4205256998538971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141121606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8142","display_name":"Currency","level":2,"score":0.4121232032775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.33152204751968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.3173624277114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.23888331651687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13790041208267212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:collections.unu.edu:UNU:942","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://collections.unu.edu/view/UNU:942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401912","display_name":"UNU Collections (United Nations University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210148429","host_organization_name":"United Nations University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148429"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:278921567","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:942/wp2008-007.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520292136","https://openalex.org/W1548029008","https://openalex.org/W1558627183","https://openalex.org/W1572347105","https://openalex.org/W1978265353","https://openalex.org/W1985749841","https://openalex.org/W1992842419","https://openalex.org/W2077289859","https://openalex.org/W2147299362","https://openalex.org/W2151176003","https://openalex.org/W2159147610","https://openalex.org/W2165243635","https://openalex.org/W2890691259","https://openalex.org/W2892298787","https://openalex.org/W3121133144","https://openalex.org/W3124366560","https://openalex.org/W3125690980","https://openalex.org/W3125864288","https://openalex.org/W3142887815"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098591580","https://openalex.org/W1899725180","https://openalex.org/W2142283405","https://openalex.org/W2523934113","https://openalex.org/W2515865545","https://openalex.org/W7160918302","https://openalex.org/W2198905208","https://openalex.org/W2611173917","https://openalex.org/W7167024867","https://openalex.org/W6999128009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"exploit":[1],"differences":[2],"in":[3,7,70],"Indonesian":[4],"education":[5,51,58],"expenditures":[6,52],"response":[8],"to":[9,15,32,67,89,103,113,126,146,162,168],"the":[10,55,71,82,101,115,128,138,156,169],"Asian":[11],"Financial":[12],"Crisis":[13],"(AFC)":[14],"document":[16],"human":[17,72],"capital":[18,73],"investment":[19,74],"behavior.":[20],"Indonesians":[21],"from":[22,106],"rich":[23],"and":[24,38,54],"poor":[25],"households":[26],"adopted":[27],"different":[28,107],"types":[29],"of":[30,57,75,93,131,133,150,166],"strategies":[31],"cope":[33],"with":[34],"high":[35],"inflation":[36],"levels":[37,48,109],"volatile":[39],"currency":[40],"exchange":[41],"rates.":[42],"While":[43],"we":[44,136],"find":[45],"that":[46,155],"consumption":[47],"changed":[49],"little,":[50],"fell":[53],"cost":[56],"rose":[59],"disproportionately":[60],"higher.":[61],"As":[62],"a":[63,147],"consequence,":[64],"tradeoffs":[65],"had":[66],"be":[68,95],"made":[69],"children":[76,85,121,161],"aged":[77],"6":[78],"\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd":[79],"14.":[80],"At":[81],"extensive":[83],"margin,":[84],"were":[86,110],"still":[87,111],"able":[88,112],"receive":[90],"some":[91,160],"form":[92],"education,":[94],"it":[96],"formal":[97],"or":[98],"informal.":[99],"But":[100],"extent":[102],"which":[104],"parents":[105],"income":[108],"maintain":[114],"educational":[116,134],"quality":[117,132],"attained":[118],"by":[119],"their":[120,174],"is":[122,154],"questionable.":[123],"To":[124],"attempt":[125],"understand":[127],"elusive":[129],"concept":[130],"outcomes,":[135],"use":[137],"EBTANAS":[139],"national":[140],"achievement":[141],"test":[142],"scores":[143],"for":[144],"transition":[145,167],"higher":[148],"level":[149],"schooling.":[151],"Our":[152],"finding":[153],"aggregate":[157],"shock":[158],"caused":[159],"self-select":[163],"themselves":[164],"out":[165],"next":[170],"stage":[171],"despite":[172],"passing":[173],"tests.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}