{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2784580477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","title":"A modified Q-learning algorithm to solve cognitive radio jamming attack","display_name":"A modified Q-learning algorithm to solve cognitive radio jamming attack","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2784580477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","mag":"2784580477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204369148","display_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","issn_l":"1741-1068","issn":["1741-1068","1741-1076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003077520","display_name":"Feten Slimeni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-924X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0281-924X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273423","display_name":"Military Academy, Tunisia","ror":"https://ror.org/05sypk760","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273423"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feten Slimeni","raw_affiliation_strings":["VRIT Lab, Military Academy of Tunisia, Nabeul, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VRIT Lab, Military Academy of Tunisia, Nabeul, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066835643","display_name":"Bart Scheers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-6076","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3242-6076"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150517870","display_name":"Royal Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02vmnye06","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150517870"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart Scheers","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISS Department, Royal Military Academy (RMA), Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISS Department, Royal Military Academy (RMA), Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150517870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030805710","display_name":"Zied Chtourou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-6906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-6906"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405273423","display_name":"Military Academy, Tunisia","ror":"https://ror.org/05sypk760","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405273423"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zied Chtourou","raw_affiliation_strings":["VRIT Lab, Military Academy of Tunisia, Nabeul, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VRIT Lab, Military Academy of Tunisia, Nabeul, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405273423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079577737","display_name":"Vincent Le Nir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-9173","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-9173"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150517870","display_name":"Royal Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02vmnye06","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150517870"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Le Nir","raw_affiliation_strings":["CISS Department, Royal Military Academy (RMA), Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISS Department, Royal Military Academy (RMA), Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150517870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068057340","display_name":"Rabah Attia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179097149","display_name":"University of Carthage","ror":"https://ror.org/057x6za15","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179097149"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rabah Attia","raw_affiliation_strings":["SERCOM Lab, EPT University of Carthage, Marsa, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SERCOM Lab, EPT University of Carthage, Marsa, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179097149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7346,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74242475,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"41","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"cognitive radio","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming-attacks","display_name":"jamming attacks","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/q-learning","display_name":"Q-learning","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband-spectrum-sensing","display_name":"wideband spectrum sensing","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reward-function-design","display_name":"reward function design","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-switching","display_name":"frequency switching","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"reinforcement learning","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.67671799659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.6572516560554504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.6506268382072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48632484674453735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20128723978996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07777944207191467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.089431","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204369148","display_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","issn_l":"1741-1068","issn":["1741-1068","1741-1076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijes.2018.10010491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.10010491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijes.2018.10010491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204369148","display_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","issn_l":"1741-1068","issn":["1741-1068","1741-1076"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1548889916","https://openalex.org/W1963813343","https://openalex.org/W1987760278","https://openalex.org/W2014923770","https://openalex.org/W2039947370","https://openalex.org/W2058762382","https://openalex.org/W2097498347","https://openalex.org/W2118686230","https://openalex.org/W2137843285","https://openalex.org/W2148879089","https://openalex.org/W2150123286","https://openalex.org/W2158245330","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W3011120880","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563804747","https://openalex.org/W2272022626","https://openalex.org/W2335331556","https://openalex.org/W4313211052","https://openalex.org/W1968481698","https://openalex.org/W2800740088","https://openalex.org/W2536026798","https://openalex.org/W2058762382","https://openalex.org/W2146398794","https://openalex.org/W3203498076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,7,36,39,51,59,65,70,78,84,87,98,101,111,124,133,140,145],"jamming":[2,128],"attack":[3],"is":[4,121],"one":[5],"of":[6,38,44,58,67,86,100,113,118,126],"most":[8],"severe":[9],"threats":[10],"in":[11,123],"cognitive":[12,88],"radio":[13],"networks,":[14],"we":[15,55,105],"study":[16],"how":[17],"Q-learning":[18,28,135],"can":[19],"be":[20],"used":[21],"to":[22,34,48,63,109,132,144],"pro-actively":[23],"avoid":[24],"jammed":[25,102],"channels.":[26],"However,":[27],"needs":[29],"a":[30,93],"long":[31],"training":[32],"period":[33],"learn":[35],"behaviour":[37],"jammer.":[40,71],"We":[41,90,137],"take":[42,56],"advantage":[43,57],"wideband":[45],"spectrum":[46],"sensing":[47],"speed":[49],"up":[50],"learning":[52],"process":[53],"and":[54,130],"already":[60],"learned":[61,73],"information":[62],"minimise":[64,110],"number":[66,112],"collisions":[68],"with":[69,92],"The":[72,116],"anti-jamming":[74,141],"strategy":[75,81,95],"depends":[76],"on":[77,97],"elected":[79],"reward":[80,94,148],"which":[82],"reflects":[83],"preferences":[85],"radio.":[89],"start":[91],"based":[96],"avoidance":[99],"channels,":[103],"then":[104],"propose":[106],"an":[107],"amelioration":[108],"frequency":[114],"switches":[115],"effectiveness":[117],"our":[119],"proposal":[120],"evaluated":[122],"presence":[125],"different":[127],"strategies":[129,142],"compared":[131],"original":[134],"algorithm.":[136],"compare":[138],"also":[139],"related":[143],"two":[146],"proposed":[147],"strategies.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2018-02-02T00:00:00"}
