{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2783273685","doi":null,"title":"The analysis of eye-movements in the judgment of enjoyment and non-enjoyment smiles in people with schizophrenia","display_name":"The analysis of eye-movements in the judgment of enjoyment and non-enjoyment smiles in people with schizophrenia","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2783273685","mag":"2783273685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zone.biblio.laurentian.ca:10219/2265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2265","pdf_url":"https://laurentian.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/0c57397b-0140-46da-8653-6f2afb465864/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402179","display_name":"Lu Zone Ul (Laurentian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52353378","host_organization_name":"Laurentian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52353378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://laurentian.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/0c57397b-0140-46da-8653-6f2afb465864/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019241062","display_name":"Randal Joseph Ryan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Randal Joseph Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019241062"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.8184000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.8184000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.16820000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12268","display_name":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-perception","display_name":"facial expression perception","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movements","display_name":"eye movements","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbicularis-oculi-muscle","display_name":"orbicularis oculi muscle","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-symmetry","display_name":"facial symmetry","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-asymmetry","display_name":"facial asymmetry","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-scanning-patterns","display_name":"visual scanning patterns","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attentional-bias","display_name":"attentional bias","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7018681764602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.6089522242546082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.5224401354789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.44141221046447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3668052554130554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3571906089782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.16399073600769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.06489160656929016}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:zone.biblio.laurentian.ca:10219/2265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2265","pdf_url":"https://laurentian.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/0c57397b-0140-46da-8653-6f2afb465864/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402179","display_name":"Lu Zone Ul (Laurentian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52353378","host_organization_name":"Laurentian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52353378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:laurentian.scholaris.ca:10219/2265","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://laurentian.scholaris.ca/handle/10219/2265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402179","display_name":"Lu Zone Ul (Laurentian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52353378","host_organization_name":"Laurentian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52353378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2783273685","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/bitstream/10219/2265/1/FINAL.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zone.biblio.laurentian.ca:10219/2265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2265","pdf_url":"https://laurentian.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/0c57397b-0140-46da-8653-6f2afb465864/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402179","display_name":"Lu Zone Ul (Laurentian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52353378","host_organization_name":"Laurentian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52353378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2783273685.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2783273685.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536620489","https://openalex.org/W1568263921","https://openalex.org/W1609907549","https://openalex.org/W1661833638","https://openalex.org/W1809872410","https://openalex.org/W1866627581","https://openalex.org/W1901713080","https://openalex.org/W1963945289","https://openalex.org/W1964078362","https://openalex.org/W1964438525","https://openalex.org/W1965692549","https://openalex.org/W1971151545","https://openalex.org/W1976201326","https://openalex.org/W1985271468","https://openalex.org/W1993362257","https://openalex.org/W1995350791","https://openalex.org/W1997385907","https://openalex.org/W1997662771","https://openalex.org/W2001157702","https://openalex.org/W2002098968","https://openalex.org/W2003238582","https://openalex.org/W2005346890","https://openalex.org/W2006875943","https://openalex.org/W2013886516","https://openalex.org/W2014111231","https://openalex.org/W2014541966","https://openalex.org/W2016857386","https://openalex.org/W2017247403","https://openalex.org/W2018416989","https://openalex.org/W2020860252","https://openalex.org/W2021695329","https://openalex.org/W2023560015","https://openalex.org/W2024920312","https://openalex.org/W2028016407","https://openalex.org/W2030360388","https://openalex.org/W2035375873","https://openalex.org/W2046677541","https://openalex.org/W2055583961","https://openalex.org/W2059588448","https://openalex.org/W2062488557","https://openalex.org/W2065848225","https://openalex.org/W2071090720","https://openalex.org/W2071255461","https://openalex.org/W2072721381","https://openalex.org/W2080422330","https://openalex.org/W2083048810","https://openalex.org/W2083746475","https://openalex.org/W2089896061","https://openalex.org/W2091304407","https://openalex.org/W2092024509","https://openalex.org/W2096029767","https://openalex.org/W2096463723","https://openalex.org/W2097833812","https://openalex.org/W2102303216","https://openalex.org/W2109538755","https://openalex.org/W2109613431","https://openalex.org/W2114848420","https://openalex.org/W2117477487","https://openalex.org/W2119187507","https://openalex.org/W2125127226","https://openalex.org/W2125546432","https://openalex.org/W2125744402","https://openalex.org/W2126070666","https://openalex.org/W2127369000","https://openalex.org/W2128693204","https://openalex.org/W2141208341","https://openalex.org/W2142357137","https://openalex.org/W2143385561","https://openalex.org/W2144535302","https://openalex.org/W2149459933","https://openalex.org/W2151662387","https://openalex.org/W2152770536","https://openalex.org/W2155945003","https://openalex.org/W2160007652","https://openalex.org/W2162583577","https://openalex.org/W2163546575","https://openalex.org/W2166730868","https://openalex.org/W2167575933","https://openalex.org/W2170735591","https://openalex.org/W2171829179","https://openalex.org/W2268421884","https://openalex.org/W2327342546","https://openalex.org/W2474300047","https://openalex.org/W2906253013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2590604219","https://openalex.org/W2076741870","https://openalex.org/W2039305309","https://openalex.org/W2561282915","https://openalex.org/W2062814952","https://openalex.org/W2020860252","https://openalex.org/W2805882568","https://openalex.org/W2149985789","https://openalex.org/W2050802850","https://openalex.org/W2040528157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"has":[1,16],"consistently":[2],"shown":[3],"that":[4,38],"people":[5,28],"with":[6,19,97,115,139,172,176,210],"schizophrenia":[7,116,140,173],"have":[8,29],"impairments":[9],"in":[10,49,89,95,146,199],"emotional":[11],"facial":[12],"recognition.":[13],"This":[14,155],"deficit":[15],"been":[17],"associated":[18],"irregular":[20],"visual":[21],"scanning":[22],"patterns":[23],"of":[24,36,67,72,82,103,122,130,179],"the":[25,30,34,41,53,61,65,68,73,83,101,104,128,148,164,177,194,202],"face.":[26],"Since":[27],"ability":[31,84],"to":[32,51,60,77,126],"control":[33,119,200],"expression":[35],"emotion":[37,54],"they":[39],"display,":[40],"communication":[42],"process":[43],"becomes":[44],"more":[45],"complex.":[46],"In":[47],"fact,":[48],"addition":[50],"processing":[52,185],"expressed,":[55],"decoders":[56],"must":[57],"pay":[58],"attention":[59],"subtle":[62],"details":[63],"about":[64],"sincerity":[66,129],"expression.":[69],"The":[70],"goal":[71],"current":[74],"study":[75],"was":[76,110],"conduct":[78],"a":[79,152],"systematic":[80],"examination":[81],"and":[85,92,108,117],"perceptual-attentional":[86],"mechanisms":[87],"used":[88],"distinguishing":[90],"enjoyment":[91],"non-enjoyment":[93,153],"smiles":[94,131],"individuals":[96,113,171,209],"schizophrenia.":[98,211],"More":[99],"specifically,":[100],"activation":[102],"orbicularis":[105],"oculi":[106],"muscle":[107],"symmetry":[109],"examined.":[111],"Sixteen":[112],"diagnosed":[114],"sixteen":[118],"(no":[120],"diagnosis":[121],"schizophrenia)":[123],"were":[124,136,141],"asked":[125],"judge":[127],"while":[132,183],"their":[133,161,168],"eye":[134],"movements":[135],"recorded.":[137],"Individuals":[138],"less":[142],"accurate":[143],"than":[144],"controls":[145],"judging":[147],"no-cheek":[149],"smile":[150],"as":[151,190],"smile.":[154],"difficulty":[156,175,195],"could":[157],"be":[158,187,206],"explained":[159],"by":[160],"bias":[162],"towards":[163],"mouth.":[165],"Furthermore,":[166],"like":[167],"healthy":[169],"counterparts,":[170],"showed":[174],"judgement":[178],"asymmetric":[180],"smiles.":[181],"However,":[182],"perceptual":[184],"can":[186],"ruled":[188],"out":[189],"an":[191],"explanation":[192,204],"for":[193,208],"suggesting":[196],"interpretation":[197],"problems":[198],"individuals,":[201],"former":[203],"cannot":[205],"discredited":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2018-01-26T00:00:00"}
