{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2783171781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","title":"Mixed Mandates: Issues Concerning Organizational and Statutory Definitions of Terrorism in the United States","display_name":"Mixed Mandates: Issues Concerning Organizational and Statutory Definitions of Terrorism in the United States","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2783171781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","mag":"2783171781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141724154","display_name":"Terrorism and Political Violence","issn_l":"0954-6553","issn":["0954-6553","1556-1836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Terrorism and Political Violence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043659054","display_name":"Wesley S. McCann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-3724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-3724"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92507152","display_name":"John Jay College of Criminal Justice","ror":"https://ror.org/01p9rc392","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92507152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wesley S. McCann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Criminal Justice, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Criminal Justice, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92507152"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081668278","display_name":"Nicholas Pimley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-5382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5094-5382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Pimley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043659054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92507152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91563619,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"4","first_page":"807","last_page":"830"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12985","display_name":"Maritime Security and History","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/definition-of-terrorism","display_name":"definition of terrorism","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/september-11-attacks","display_name":"September 11 attacks","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorism-policy","display_name":"terrorism policy","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violence","display_name":"violence","score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fear-and-terror","display_name":"fear and terror","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrorist-targets","display_name":"terrorist targets","score":0.5740000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158129432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7766927","display_name":"Statutory law","level":2,"score":0.8310845494270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203133693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7283","display_name":"Terrorism","level":2,"score":0.7745044231414795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6860390305519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.45519885420799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.42693349719047546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779204856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779439","display_name":"Statutory interpretation","level":3,"score":0.42132022976875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.34416764974594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23656824231147766}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141724154","display_name":"Terrorism and Political Violence","issn_l":"0954-6553","issn":["0954-6553","1556-1836"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Terrorism and Political Violence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:taf:ftpvxx:v:32:y:2020:i:4:p:807-830","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09546553.2017.1404457","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W569815712","https://openalex.org/W4235672678","https://openalex.org/W2275975929","https://openalex.org/W3125671227","https://openalex.org/W2151278983","https://openalex.org/W3122596263","https://openalex.org/W2530545140","https://openalex.org/W3097227326","https://openalex.org/W2263056262","https://openalex.org/W2607746069"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Defining":[0],"terrorism":[1,23,34,57,157],"continues":[2],"to":[3,58,76,97,160,174,177],"be":[4,37,161],"a":[5,19,162],"problematic":[6],"task":[7],"for":[8],"scholars,":[9],"politicians,":[10],"and":[11,42,52,79,82,109,124,132,150],"government":[12],"officials.":[13],"Research":[14],"has":[15],"shown":[16],"that":[17,91],"developing":[18],"single":[20],"definition":[21,171],"of":[22,33,56,86,127,153],"is":[24,172],"not":[25],"only":[26],"unlikely,":[27],"but":[28],"also":[29],"quite":[30],"difficult.":[31],"Definitions":[32],"can":[35],"arguably":[36],"influenced":[38,112],"by":[39,113],"cultural,":[40],"social,":[41],"political":[43],"factors.":[44],"This":[45,88],"study":[46,89],"qualitatively":[47],"examines":[48,71],"state":[49,103,125,151],"criminal":[50],"law":[51],"federal":[53],"organizational":[54,92,123,149],"definitions":[55,93,104,126,152],"discern":[59],"what":[60,72],"elements":[61,138,143],"are":[62,94,105,110],"commonly":[63],"seen":[64],"across":[65,83],"such":[66,116],"definitions.":[67,87],"Furthermore,":[68],"this":[69],"article":[70],"issues":[73],"arise":[74],"due":[75,176],"the":[77,118,135,170],"differences":[78],"similarities":[80],"between":[81],"these":[84],"groups":[85],"finds":[90],"seemingly":[95],"tied":[96],"institution":[98],"mission":[99],"or":[100,180],"mandate,":[101],"whereas":[102],"sporadic,":[106],"lacking":[107],"consensus,":[108],"evidently":[111],"major":[114],"events":[115],"as":[117,167,169],"September":[119],"11":[120],"attacks.":[121],"Across":[122],"terrorism,":[128],"\u201cviolence,\u201d":[129],"\u201cfear,":[130],"terror,\u201d":[131],"\u201ctarget\u201d":[133],"were":[134],"most":[136],"common":[137],"included.":[139],"However,":[140],"other":[141],"definitional":[142],"exhibited":[144],"different":[145],"trends":[146],"when":[147],"comparing":[148],"terrorism.":[154],"Overall,":[155],"defining":[156],"will":[158],"continue":[159],"problem":[163],"in":[164],"all":[165],"arenas":[166],"long":[168],"allowed":[173],"change":[175],"external":[178],"factors":[179],"influences.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
